GENERAL MATHEMATICS
• It is one of the core subjects of the senior
high school curriculum.
• It aims to develop learners’ understanding
of the concepts and techniques drawn
from the number and algebra,
trigonometry and world geometry,
sequences, finance, networks and
decision mathematics and statistics, in
order to solve applied problems.
Module 1
Functions
LESSON 1
Representing Real-
Life Situations
Using Functions
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Recall the concepts of relations and
functions;
• Define and explain functional relationship
as a mathematical model of situation; and
• Represent real-life situations using
functions, including piece-wise function.
In Mathematics, we can represent
functions in different ways. It can be
represented through words, tables,
mappings, equations and graphs.
EXAMPLE
ANSWER
The relations A and B are functions because
each element in the domain corresponds to
a unique element in the range. Meanwhile,
relations C and D are not functions because
they contain ordered pairs with the same
domain [C = (0,1) and (0,-1), D = (a,b) and
(a,d)].
EXAMPLE
ANSWER
A and B are functions since all the
values of x corresponds to exactly
one value of y. Unlike table C,
where -1 corresponds to two
values, 4 and 1.
MAPPING DIAGRAMS
ANSWER
The relations A and C are functions
because each element in the domain
corresponds to a unique element in the
range. However, B is a mere relation and
not function because there is a domain
which corresponds to more than one
range.
How about if the given are graphs of
relations, can you identify which are
functions? Do you still remember the
vertical line test?
EXAMPLE
ANSWER
A and C are graphs of functions
while B and D are not because
they do not pass the vertical line
test.
We said that for a relation to become a
function, the value of the domain must
correspond to a single value of the range.
Let’s read some of the conversations and
determine if they can be classified as
function or not
HORIZONTAL LINE TEST A function is one-to-one if each
horizontal line does not intersect the graph at more than
one point.
ACTIVITIES
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ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITIES
*
ACTIVITIES
GROUP ACTIVITY
DIRECTIONS:
I will divide the class into three(3) groups and each
of them will be given a scenario that will present in
front of the class. Afterwards, each group will answer
the given questions.
GROUP 1
GROUP 2
GROUP 3
QUESTIONS
FUNCTIONS AS REPRESENTATIONS OF
REAL-LIFE SITUATIONS
Functions can often be used to model real-life
situations. Identifying an appropriate functional model
will lead to a better understanding of various
phenomena.
The above scenarios are all examples of
relations that show function.
SCENARIO 1
Monogamous marriage (e.g. Christian
countries) is an example of function when there
is faith and loyalty. Let say, June is the domain
and Mae is the range, when there is
faithfulness in their marriage, there will be one-
to-one relationship - one domain to one range.
SCENARIO 2
Nationality could also illustrate a function. We
expect that at least a person has one nationality.
Let say Kim is the domain and her nationality is the
range, therefore there is a one-to-one relationship.
Since Kim was born and live in the Philippines, she
can never have multiple nationalities except
Filipino. (Remember: Under RA 9225 only those
naturally-born Filipinos who have become
naturalized citizens of another country can have
dual citizenship. This is not applicable to Kim since
she was born in the Philippines and never a citizen
of other country.)
SCENARIO 1
Religion is also an example of function because a
person can never have two religions. Inside the
classroom, three classmates said that they are
Catholic. This shows a many-to-one relationship.
Classmates being the domain and religion being
the range indicate that different values of domain
can have one value of range. One-to-one
relationship was also illustrated by the classmates
who said that they are Born Again, Muslim and
Iglesia ni Cristo - one student to one religion.
Can you cite other real-life
situations that show functions?
THE FUNCTION MACHINE
Function can be illustrated as
a machine where there is the
input and the output. When
you put an object into a
machine, you expect a
product as output after the
process being done by the
machine. For example, when
you put an orange fruit into a
juicer, you expect an orange
juice as the output and not a
grape juice. Or you will never
expect to have two kinds of
juices - orange and grapes.
THE FUNCTION MACHINE
EXAMPLE
ANSWER
EXAMPLE
ANSWER
EXAMPLE
ANSWER
PIECEWISE FUNCTIONS
There are functions that requires more than one
formula in order to obtain the given output.
There are instances when we need to describe
situations in which a rule or relationship changes as
the input value crosses certain boundaries. In this
case, we need to apply the piecewise function.
PIECEWISE FUNCTIONS
A piecewise function is a function in which more than
one formula is used to define the output. Each formula
has its own domain, and the domain of the function is
the union of all these smaller domains. We notate this
idea like this:
EXAMPLE
ANSWER
EXAMPLE
ANSWER
EXAMPLE
ANSWER
ACTIVITIES
D. SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS
1.
2.
ANSWERS
1.
2.
Thank you!!!
