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Purposive Communication Process, Principles, and Ethics

The document outlines the nature and functions of verbal and nonverbal communication within multicultural contexts, detailing two models of communication: Interactional and Transactional. It emphasizes principles such as self-awareness, effective message interpretation, thoughtful listening, and adapting messages to others. Additionally, it distinguishes between interpersonal, group, and presentational communication, highlighting the importance of context and relationships in effective communication.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
0 views33 pages

Purposive Communication Process, Principles, and Ethics

The document outlines the nature and functions of verbal and nonverbal communication within multicultural contexts, detailing two models of communication: Interactional and Transactional. It emphasizes principles such as self-awareness, effective message interpretation, thoughtful listening, and adapting messages to others. Additionally, it distinguishes between interpersonal, group, and presentational communication, highlighting the importance of context and relationships in effective communication.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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• Describe the nature, elements, and

functions of verbal and nonverbal


communication in various multicultural
contexts.
What is the process of
communication?
2 WAYS TO VIEW
COMMUNICATION
• Interactional Model • Transactional Model
CONSIDERATIONS IN THE
INTERACTIONAL MODEL
• Speaker
• Source of the idea
• Answers the question “from whom?”

• Message
• The idea being communicated
• Answers the question “what?”
CONSIDERATIONS IN THE
INTERACTIONAL MODEL
• Listener
• Intended recipient of the idea
• Answers the question “for whom?”

• Feedback
• Reaction to the idea being communicated
• Answers the question “what now?”
CONSIDERATIONS IN THE
INTERACTIONAL MODEL
• Noise (barriers in communication)
• Physical noise (environmental sounds)
• Physiological noise (illness)
• Psychological noise (beliefs, behaviors)
• Semantic noise (different meaning)
• Cultural noise (wrong explanation or
nonverbal communication)
2 WAYS TO VIEW
COMMUNICATION
• Interactional Model • Transactional Model
CONSIDERATIONS IN THE
TRANSACTIONAL MODEL
• Communicators
• Participants switch roles between being
‘senders’ and ‘receivers’

• Social Context
• Rules (learned at home and in school)
• Norms (learned through trial-and-error
with peers)
CONSIDERATIONS IN THE
TRANSACTIONAL MODEL
• Relational Context
• Hierarchal (one person is given higher
respect than the other)
• Lateral (both people are viewed as
equals)
CONSIDERATIONS IN THE
TRANSACTIONAL MODEL
• Cultural Context
• Race, ethnicity, nationality, gender,
religion, socioeconomic class, level of
ability
• Underprivileged cultures are not
accorded
the same respect and recognition as
others
What are the principles

of communication?
PRINCIPLE 1: BE AWARE OF
YOUR COMMUNICATION W/ SELF
& OTHERS
• Self-Concept • Self-Awareness
• The ‘you‘ that is • The ‘you’ that we
always there see at this moment
• Who am I based • Who am I and how
on what I do, how can I be consistent
with who I am in the
I think of myself, way that I think, act
and what my ideal and speak?
self would be?
PRINCIPLE 1: BE AWARE OF
YOUR COMMUNICATION W/ SELF
& OTHERS
• Engage in intrapersonal communication
with your thoughts, emotions and
perceptions.

• Be present when communicating.

• Choose how you will respond instead of


reacting based on your default patterns.
PRINCIPLE 2: EFFECTIVELY USE
AND INTERPRET VERBAL
MESSAGES
• Choose appropriate
symbols to form a
message.
• Carefully interpret
messages of
others.
PRINCIPLE 2: EFFECTIVELY USE
AND INTERPRET VERBAL
MESSAGES
• Words have power.
PRINCIPLE 3: EFFECTIVELY USE
AND INTERPRET NONVERBAL
MESSAGES
PRINCIPLE 3: EFFECTIVELY USE
AND INTERPRET NONVERBAL
MESSAGES
• How to be effective?
• Look at the situational and social context.

• Notice how your body responds to the


messages you receive.

• Be intentional in choosing the nonverbal


messages that you communicate.
PRINCIPLE 4: LISTEN AND
RESPOND THOUGHTFULLY TO
OTHERS
• Allot 70-80% of your attention to the speaker,
and 20-30% of your attention to yourself.

• Ask, but do not question, with clear intentions


– to know or to clarify.

• Pause to digest their answer before giving a


carefully considered response.
PRINCIPLE 5: APPROPRIATELY
ADAPT MESSAGES TO OTHERS
PRINCIPLE 5: APPROPRIATELY
ADAPT MESSAGES TO OTHERS
• Speak your truth with love. Find common
ground or set healthy boundaries, not
attack them.

• Use “I” statements to inform others of how


we feel and what we need, instead of
accusing them.
PRINCIPLE 5: APPROPRIATELY
ADAPT MESSAGES TO OTHERS
“You” statements X “I” statements ✓
PRINCIPLES OF
COMMUNICATION
• Be aware of your communication with self
and others.
• Effectively use and interpret verbal
messages.
• Effectively use and interpret nonverbal
messages.
• Listen and respond thoughtfully to others.
• Appropriately adapt messages to others.
Contexts for
Communicating with Others
INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
• Between two people
• May differ based on their relationship
• Good interpersonal communication follows
Immanuel Kant’s philosophy:

Human beings should be treated


as an end in themselves, and not
as a means to something else.
GROUP COMMUNICATION
• Collection of people with a common goal,
sense of belongingness, and mutual
influence
GROUP COMMUNICATION
• The bigger the group, the less influence
each person has on the group, and the
greater the chance that subgroups will
emerge.
GROUP COMMUNICATION
• Works best in
teams, where
each individual
has clearly
defined roles,
duties and
responsibilities
PRESENTATIONAL
COMMUNICATION
• Addresses a gathering of people to inform,
persuade, or entertain, among other
purposes

• Can be done live, or through mass


communication where a mediated message
is sent out to many people at the same
time
• Watch the video
Psychiatrist’s Guide to Conversation by Dr.
Alok Kanojia (HealthyGamerGG) on
YouTube.

• Write a reflection paper that answers the


guide questions.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
• Why does spending extended periods of time
with people lead to straining our relationships?
• How can we improve communication
• How can we reflectively listen and convince
someone that we understand them?
• How can we speak effectively?
• What can you do from now on to apply what
you learned from the video?

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