GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE - GANDHINAGAR
CREATED BY :- DEVANSHU SUTHAR(230130119009)
SHRIMADGIRI GOSWAMI(230130119015)
SHUBH PATEL(230130119040)
HARSH PUROHIT(230130119049)
Introduction to
Water Pollution
Water pollution is the contamination of bodies of water,
such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater. It occurs
when harmful substances, often from human activities,
are released into the water, degrading the quality and
making it unsafe for use.
Sources of Water Pollution
Industrial Waste Agricultural Runoff Sewage and
Wastewater
Factories and Pesticides, fertilizers, and
manufacturing plants animal waste from farms Improperly treated or
often discharge untreated can wash into rivers and untreated sewage and
waste, heavy metals, and contaminate water wastewater from homes
chemicals into nearby sources. and businesses can
waterways. introduce harmful bacteria
and pathogens.
Types of Water Pollutants
1 Organic Pollutants 2 Inorganic Pollutants
Such as pesticides, oil, and Including heavy metals, acids, and
detergents, which can deplete salts, which can be toxic and
oxygen levels and harm aquatic life. accumulate in the food chain.
3 Microbial Pollutants 4 Thermal Pollution
Bacteria, viruses, and parasites that The discharge of hot water, such as
can cause waterborne illnesses in from power plants, which can disrupt
humans and animals. the delicate temperature balance of
aquatic ecosystems.
Environmental Impact of Water
Pollution
Ecosystem Degradation 1
Polluted water can harm or
destroy aquatic habitats, leading
to a decline in biodiversity and the 2 Eutrophication
disruption of fragile food webs. Excessive nutrients from fertilizers
and sewage can cause algal
blooms that deplete oxygen,
Bioaccumulation 3 suffocating marine life.
Toxic pollutants can accumulate in
the tissues of aquatic organisms,
ultimately making their way up
the food chain and into human
consumption.
Health Consequences of Water
Pollution
Waterborne Diseases Toxic Exposure
Contaminated water can spread Heavy metals and other toxic
diseases like cholera, typhoid, and substances in polluted water can cause
dysentery, particularly in developing long-term health problems, such as
countries with poor sanitation. cancer, neurological disorders, and
organ damage.
Disruption of Ecosystems Economic Impacts
The decline of aquatic ecosystems and Water pollution can also have significant
loss of biodiversity can reduce the economic consequences, such as the
availability of nutritious seafood and cost of water treatment, decreased
disrupt food chains that communities tourism, and reduced fishery yields.
depend on.
Strategies for Water Pollution
Prevention
Regulation and Sustainable Public Awareness
Enforcement Practices and Education
Strict laws and Promoting Educating the public
regulations, along with environmentally-friendly about the importance of
proper enforcement, can industrial processes, clean water and
help reduce the sustainable agriculture, encouraging individual
discharge of pollutants and responsible waste actions can help drive
into waterways. management can change.
minimize water pollution.
Water Treatment and
Purification Methods
Filtration Disinfection Desalination Adsorption
Removing particles, Killing or Removing Using materials like
sediment, and inactivating dissolved salts and activated carbon to
contaminants harmful minerals from remove organic
through physical, microorganisms seawater or compounds, heavy
chemical, or using chlorination, brackish water to metals, and other
biological UV light, or produce pollutants.
processes. ozonation. freshwater.
Conclusion and Call to Action
Water pollution is a global crisis with We all have a responsibility to take
serious environmental and health action and protect our precious water
consequences. resources.
By adopting sustainable practices, Join us in the fight against water
supporting stronger regulations, and pollution and help create a more
raising awareness, we can work towards sustainable world.
a future with cleaner, safer water for all.
