Lesson 6.
Factors Affecting
Reaction Rates
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Learning Competency
At the end of this lesson, the given DepEd learning
competency should be met by the students.
Use simple collision theory to explain the effects of
concentration, temperature, and particle size on
the rate of reaction (S11/12PS-IIIf-23).
Learning Objective
At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able
to use the simple collision theory to explain the
effects of concentration, temperature, and particle
size on the rate of the reaction.
Making a sandwich
follows a certain
reaction. It is similar to
balanced chemical
reactions.
However, these
reactions do not tell you
how fast they occur,
similar to the fact that
you cannot tell how fast
you can make one ham
sandwich with the
knowledge only of its
ingredients.
• There are many factors to consider in studying rates
of reaction.
What are these factors and how do they affect
reaction rates?
Try it!
Warm-Up
Draw and Match
Procedure
Effect of Effect of The Effect of
Concentratio Temperature Surface Area
n on Reaction on Reaction on Reaction
Rates Rates Rates
Learn about It!
Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
• nature of reactants
• concentration of reactants
• temperature
• surface area of the reacting molecules
Learn about It!
The Effect of Nature of Reactants on
Reaction Rates
• The nature of reactants mostly pertains to the physical
state of the reactants.
• Reactants more readily react with each other when
they are in the same phase or are homogeneous.
• “Like dissolves like.”
• Most reactions involving ions tend to occur faster than
the reactions involving covalent compounds.
Learn about It!
The Effect of Nature of Reactants on
Reaction Rates
• The attractive forces between ions are broken down
and is mixed with water.
• Dissolved ions are usually more reactive because
they have no preferred orientation for a chemical
reaction to occur.
• Covalent compounds are limited by bond polarity,
geometry, overall size, and orientation.
Learn about It!
The Effect of Concentration on Reaction
Rates
• Concentration is the amount of substance per unit
volume.
• Molarity (M), or the number of moles of solute per
liter of solution (mol/L).
• The rate of reaction are usually directly proportional to
the reactants’ concentration; meaning, the higher
their concentration, the faster the speed of
Learn about It!
The Effect of Concentration on Reaction
Rates
Effect of the increase in concentration in the rate of
Learn about It!
The Effect of Temperature on Reaction
Rates
• Temperature is depends on the measure of the
average kinetic energy of the molecules.
• The higher the temperature of a certain substance, the
higher its average kinetic energy.
Learn about It!
The Effect of Temperature on Reaction
Rates
• Increased kinetic energy leads to faster molecular
movement, resulting to a higher frequency of collisions
of reactants.
• The higher the temperature, the faster is the
reaction.
Learn about It!
The Effect of Temperature on Reaction
Rates • T2 > T1
• At a higher T, a wider set
of molecules have higher
KE.
• At extremely high KE
where Ea is surpassed
(beyond broken line), the
area under the red curve
is greater than that of the
blue curve.
The average kinetic energy of • More molecules have
molecules increases as temperature achieved the energy
Learn about It!
The Effect of Surface Area on Reaction
Rates
• The total surface area refers to the exposed area
of all surfaces of a substance.
• Several smaller particles have more surface area
than one large particle as shown in the figure 5.
• Increase in surface area can result in an
increase in the reaction speed.
Learn about It!
The Effect of Surface Area on Reaction
Rates
• The hydrogen molecules can
only react with magnesium’s
outer layer, and since more
reactants are in the inner
area, fewer products are
formed.
• The smaller lumps of
magnesium molecules for
The reaction of hydrogen the same amount of sample
molecules to magnesium had a faster reaction with
Try It!
Complete the table by identifying the factor
affecting reaction rates involved in each item and
predicting the rate of reaction.
Normal Changed
Factor Reaction rate
condition condition
298 K 278 K
1 g NaCl powder 1 g NaCl pellets
0.10 M HNO3 1.00 M HNO3
sugar cubes powdered sugar
5.0% KOH 8.0% KOH
Try It! (Answer)
Complete the table by identifying the factor
affecting reaction rates involved in each item and
predicting the rate of reaction.
Normal Changed
Factor Reaction rate
condition condition
298 K 278 K temperature decrease
1 g NaCl powder 1 g NaCl pellets surface area decrease
0.10 M HNO3 1.00 M HNO3 concentration increase
sugar cubes powdered sugar surface area increase
5.0% KOH 8.0% KOH concentration increase
Key Points
• Reaction rates are affected by factors such as the
nature of reactants, concentration of reactants,
temperature of the system, and the exposed
surface area.
• Reactants more readily react with other reactants that
are in the same phase.
• The higher the concentration of the reactant is, the
faster the speed of the reaction will be.
Key Points
• The higher the temperature of a certain substance is, the
higher is its average kinetic energy and faster is the
reaction.
• The greater surface area of the reactants are, the faster is
the chemical reaction.
Check Your Understanding
Identify if the statements below are true or
false.
1. The smaller the particle size of the substance is, the
bigger its surface area.
2. When the reactant concentration is high, there will be
more molecules per unit volume.
3. Reactants in different phases, or homogeneous
reactions, decrease reaction rates. of magnesium.
Bibliography
Atkins, P. and De Paula, J. Atkins’ Physical Chemistry. 2006. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Brown, T. L., et al. Chemistry: The Central Science. 2012. New York: Pearson.
Burton, George. Chemical Ideas, Vol. 4. 2000. London : Heinemann.
Chang, R. and Goldsby K.A. Chemistry. 2013. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Clark, J. “Types of Catalysis.” Chemguide: Helping you to understand chemistry. Accessed April
19, 2022. http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/catalysis/introduction.html.
McMurry, J., Fay R.C., Robinson, J.K. Chemistry. 2016. Harlow: Pearson.
Murzin, Dmitry. Chemical Reaction Technology. 2015. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
Silberberg, M. Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change. 2006. New York: Mcgraw-
Hill, Inc.
