Introduction to C++

Introduction
• OOP developed by Bjarne
Stroustrup at AT&T Bell laboratories
in 1980s
• Combination of Simula67 and C
• Classes, inheritance, function
overloading, and operator overloading
are the most important features in C++
Differences between C and C++ (1)
• Keywords
asm catch class new operator
private protected public using namespace
• Length of identifiers
– No limit in C++
• Declarations
– In C global variables can be declared several times without
using extern specifier. But in C++, it must be declared
once without extern and all the remaining must use the
extern specifier
• Global const
– In C, a global const has an external linkage. But in C++, all
const values are static by default and thus become local
Differences between C and C++ (2)
• Main function
– In C++ main() function must return a value of type int
• Functions with no arguments
– Example: int myFunction()
This means unspecified number of arguments in C and
exactly zero arguments in C++
• Inline functions
inline int add(int a, int b)
{
return (a+b);
}
• Default function arguments
Void myFunction(int a, int b=5, int c=10);
Differences between C and C++ (3)
• Declarations
– In C, all declarations should be made at the
top. But in C++, declarations can be made at
any point of the program
• Scope Resolution
– An operator :: known as scope resolution
operator is used in C++ to access an item
outside the current scope.
Differences between C and C++ (4)
• Comments
–C++ supports // comment style
in addition to /*…….*/
comment style
–Useful for one line comment