Changes in Useful Harmful
Materials
Cutting of piece of
cloth into
handkerchief
Shaping of woods
into table
Burning of plastics
Changing wood into
charcoal for cooking
Identifying Changes that
are Useful and Harmful
in the Environment
S4MT-If-26- MELC
30 IV
Physical Change- a change
that takes place only in the
appearance of the material.
Its composition still remains
the same
Chemical change- a change
when a new material is
formed .
MELTING
• is A Physical
process that
changes solid to
liquid through
heating
Through this process
we are able to make
things that makes
our work easier.
hysical Change
Evaporation- water
changes into gas
Condensation-
heat is removed
from water THE WATER
vapor
CYCLE
Chemical Change
The products in the
picture make use of
chemical change in
order to manufacture
them.
By chemical change ,
important products
are manufactured to
meet the needs of
the people
DEFORESTATION
- The
uncontrolle
d cutting of
trees
results in
deforestati
on.
DEFORESTATION
Because of
Deforestation,
wildlife may become
endangered and
extinct . Flashfloods
may also occur in the
lowlands and
landslides in the
mountain areas.
CLIMATE
CHANGE
Is the change in
weather
patterns. It
means a change
in the average
conditions of
temperature,
sea water level
and rainfall
CLIMATE
CHANGE
Is usually a result of
human activities like
the conversion of land.
Mountains and forests
are denuded.
Agricultural lands are
converted into
industrial and
residential areas. This
is because of the
growing population of
the earth. In order to
support the needs and
wants of the people,
GLOBAL
WARMING
Chemical Change like the
burning of fossil fuels,
smokes from factories
and vehicles lead to the
increase of greenhouse
gases like carbon dioxide.
These greenhouse gases
trap heat. They let the
sunlight pass through the
earths atmosphere but
prevents the heat from
escaping the atmosphere.
The heat is trapped in our
atmosphere thus results
GLOBAL WARMING
Global Warming can lead to
increased heat and drought,
insects outbreaks, a decline in
water supply, reduced
agricultural products or
pandemics
HOSPITAL
Pollution is a
presence of harmful
materials or substances
that contaminate our
land, water and air.
an action or proves of
making land, water, air
dirty and not safe to use.
AIR POLLUTION
• Air pollution
can cause
different skin
diseases, it
may cause
asthma and
other
respiratory
WATER
POLLUTION
• Water
pollution can
cause us to
have
diarrhea,
amoebiasis,
typhoid and
cholera.
LAND/SOIL
POLLUTION
• May cause us
different diseases
like asthma,
cancer and other
related diseases
when the soil is
contaminated with
harmful chemicals
DIRECTIONS:
I’ll show one picture at a time and
you are going to identify the
benefits of the changes in the
material in our environment. Then
write your answers in your
notebook in science.
PLANTING OF TREES
RECYCLING OF MATERIALS
CLEANING OF CANAL
I have learned
that:
________________
__
I realized that:
Directions : Identify the following changes that will
happen in the materials in each activity or situation. Tell
whether they are useful or harmful in the environment.
__________1. cutting of trees
__________2. shaping of wood to make
furniture
__________3. hammering/shaping iron to make
bolo
__________4. burning of old tires
__________5. shredding paper for paper mache
__________6. cooking of food
__________7. throwing detergents into the
sewage
__________8. killing animals in the forest
Learning Task No. 4. : Identify the following changes
that will happen in the materials in each activity or
situation. Tell whether they are useful or harmful in the
environment.
__________1. cutting of trees
__________2. shaping of wood to make furniture
__________3. hammering/shaping iron to make bolo
__________4. burning of old tires
__________5. shredding paper for paper mache
__________6. cooking of food
__________7. throwing detergents into the sewage
__________8. killing animals in the forest
__________9. sewing fabric to make clothes
You probably have spent time with your friends and other relatives in
a swimming or playing in a clean and safe playground before
pandemic occurred. Have you enjoyed your activities in this kind of
place?
You probably have spent time with your friends and other relatives in
a swimming or playing in a clean and safe playground before
pandemic occurred. Have you enjoyed your activities in this kind of
place?
The immediate place where you are exposed
to is your environment. In a sea or river, there
are different things that you may see. There
are living and non-living things found in them.
The natural environment where you are now is
your home with your family and other organisms
as the living component. In the sea, there are
rocks, stones, sand and water that are found .
These are the non-living things where humans and
other living organisms interact
What are the living and non-living things found in the playground? Are
there activities that may be useful or harmful in your environment?
There are interactions that lead to changes
in the materials found in our home and in
our environment. Seas are the habitat or
environment for fish and other marine
organisms. The playground has some
benches and slides where you may rest or
play . These materials making up the
environment are always changing. Do want
to know why?
When land or bodies of
water are dumped with
garbage of any kind
such as empty bottles,
plastics, toxic wastes,
chemicals from the
factories, and others,
the land and bodies of
water become polluted.
Land and water pollution
Water pollution is very harmful because
the fish will be harmed as their habitat will
be destroyed. Trees when cut can be
harmful because some animals live on
trees. This will also cause flood in the
area. It causes soil erosion, loss of habitat
to animals, rapid change in temperature
and affects the quality of air that we
breathe.
Polluted land serves as breeding places for
flies, cockroaches and rats. These pests carry
germs that cause diseases, hence hazardous to
one’s health.
The use of fertilizers and
other chemicals in plants
harm our environment. This
will lead to problem of air,
water and soil pollution. The
nutrient enrichment
phenomenon known as
eutrophication will
deteriorate the water quality
leading to death of fishes. In
addition to this, the seep-
age of fertilizers and
pesticides also pollutes the
The harmful effects of changes in
the environment are oftentimes
caused by human activities. When
the surrounding air is blanketed
with smoke from factories and
motorized vehicles, ashes and
other dust particles, the air
becomes polluted.
Polluted air causes skin itchiness, lung
infections, cancer and other
respiratory diseases. Burning of
garbage such as plastic materials,
rubber and other wastes is harmful
also to the environment. Many items
in household garbage when burned
release dangerous toxic materials that
contribute to global warming.
Because the smoke is close to the
ground, it can also settle on fruits,
vegetables and other vegetation that
becomes dangerous for humans
consumption and destruction of wildlife.
However, there are changes in the environment that are
found to be useful. The flowering of trees into fruits,
utilization of left over foods into compost, the use of
animal manure for fertilizers and the recycling and up-
cycling of different local materials are helpful to keep the
environment clean and more adaptable for human,
plants and animals to live. This will lead to activities in
food production and maintenance of a clean and green
environment.
Learning Task No. 1: There are human activities that are either useful or harmful
in the environment. Complete the table below by examining the situation/picture.
Picture of Human Activities Effect in the
Useful or Harmful?
Human Activities Shown in the Picture Environment
Learning Task No. 2 : Draw a happy face if the given situation
states changes in the materials that are useful in the environment and
sad face if it states harmful effect.
1.Cutting and shaping pieces of used wood/lumber into chair.
2.Water on rivers and streams become contaminated with
plastic wastes.
3.Lung infections and other respiratory diseases become
rampant due to excessive smoke from factories and motorized
vehicles.
4.Recycling of waste for organic fertilizers.
5.Dumping of garbage in bodies of water.
6. Cutting of trees in the community.
7. Vegetable gardening.
8. Flowering of trees for early onset of fruiting.
Learning Task No. 3 : What kind of pollution is described
in each situation? Choose the letter of the best answer.
A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Land
pollution
_________1. Farmers can no longer harvest vegetables.
_________2. Red tide is affecting the northern coast of the
country. _________3. The smell of the garbage is suffocating
the villagers. _________4. Mine tilling are thrown in rivers.
_________5. Garbage is thrown in empty spaces in
residential areas. _________6. Factories release harmful
smoke.
_________7. Chicken manures release foul odor all over the
town.
_________8. Villagers dump their trash on a vacant lot at
