Lecture- 9
Various Extension programmes Launched By
ICAR/Govt. of India
1. Intensive Agricultural District Programme
(IADP-1960)
2. Intensive Agricultural Area Programme
(IAAP-1964)
3. High Yielding Variety Programme (HYVP-
1966)
4. KVK (KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA) (1974)
Intensive Agricultural District Programme
(IADP-1960)
The major outcome of the above thinking was
the formulation of a strategy of intensive
approach to agricultural production, specially
the food grains.
A new programme named as IADP was
formulated which was launched gradually
from 1960.
The third five year plan (1961- 1966)
incorporated this programme into the planned
development process.
This programme was popularly known as a
"package programme".
This name was given because of the collective
and simultaneous application of all practices
of improved seeds, irrigation, fertilizer, plant
protection, implements, credit, etc.
This programme was started in July 1960 in
seven selected districts in various states. They
were (I) West Godavari in AP, (ii) Shahabad in
Bihar, (iii) Tanjore in Tamil Nadu, (iv) Raipur in
MP, (v) Ludhiana in Punjab; (vi)Pali in
Rajasthan; and (vii) Aligarh in UP.
The selections of these districts were done on
the basis of their high potentiality for
increasing the yield in shorter time.
Objectives
• (i) To achieve rapid increase in the level of
agriculture production through a concentration of
financial, technical, extension and administrative
resources;
• (ii) To achieve a self-generating breakthrough in
productivity and to raise the production potential
by stimulating the human and physical process of
change; and
• (iii) To demonstrate the most effective ways of
increasing production and thus, to provide lessons
for extending such intensified agricultural
production programmes to other areas.
Intensive Agricultural Area Programme
(IAAP-1964)
During the third five year plan 30 per cent
increase in food grain production was achieved
through IADP.
The intensive promotion of agriculture was very
popular among policymakers and
administrators.
As a result of this a revised version of IADP with
less intensive and therefore less costly
programme was formulated and launched
It was named as IAAP. The selected blocks
were to have the same physical conditions as
in the case of selection of districts for IADP.
Under this programme 20 to 25 per cent of
the cultivated area of the country was brought
under the intensive agricultural development
There were many weaknesses of deficiency in
inter-agency and inter-personal coordination,
inadequate staff motivation, malpractices, non-
formulation of local production plans on proper
lines and delay in delivery of inputs to farmers.
However, the production and productivity were
modest.
The highly adverse conditions (droughts) during
1966-68 served as a big blow.
High Yielding Variety Programme
(HYVP-1966)
HYVP is launched in 1966, which helped the
country in attaining self-sufficiency in food. The
technological development did not remain
confined to the introduction of high yielding
crop varieties alone.
These were combined with the application of
high analysis and balanced fertilizer, irrigation,
plant protection, improved implements etc,
which made a 'green revolution' possible in the
country.
The pervasive influence of high yielding
technology spread to other areas of farm
production such as animal production, such as
animal production, fishery, sericulture, social
forestry etc.
Punjab, Haryana and Western parts of UP
were initially selected for the phased
launching of this strategy.
The cultivation of HYV since 1966-67 had
resulted in a substantial increase in food grain
production.
Wheat production was doubled. Rice production
also had a substantial increase, though not as
much as in the case of wheat.
KVK (KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA) (1974)
The KVK project is sponsored by the ICAR and is
implemented by the ICAR institutes, state
agricultural universities (SAU).
The first KVK was established in 1974 at
Pondicherry under Tamil Nadu Agricultural
University. At present, there are 721 KVKs in the
country.
Conceptual Framework of KVK
The Mohan Sinhg Mehta Committee laid down
three basic concepts of Farm Science Centre
The KVK will impart learning through work-
experience and hence will be concerned with
technical literacy, the acquisition of which does
not necessarily require as a pre-condition for the
ability to read and write.
The KVK will impart training to only those
extension workers who are already employed
or to the practicing farmers and fishermen.
In other words, the KVK will cater to the needs
of those who are already employed or those
who wish to be self-employed.
There will be no uniform syllabus for a KVK.
The syllabus and programme of each KVK will
be tailored to the felt needs, natural resources
and the potential for agricultural growth in
that particular area.
Mandates of KVK
• Assessment refinement & Demonstration of
technologies/products
Activities
On-farm testing to identify the location
specificity of agricultural technologies under
various farming systems
Organize Frontline Demonstrations to establish
production potential of technologies on the
farmers’ fields
Training of farmers to update their knowledge
and skills in modern agricultural technologies
Training of extension personnel to orient
them in the frontier areas of technology
development
To work as resource and knowledge centre of
agricultural technology for supporting
initiatives of public, private and voluntary
sector for improving the agricultural economy
of the district
Important Components
Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) Consisting
representation of stakeholders & meeting once
in a year to review & priority setting
Demonstration Units : Location specific to
educate farmers
Crop Cafeteria : Providing options to farmers to
select from
Diagnostic and Advisory Services : Diagnostic
& advisory at Farm Science Centre Expert visit
to Farmers field .
Seed, planting material production and other
products as technology inputs.
Revolving fund : Maintenance of account, use
for farm related activities .
Technology backstopping by Agricultural
Universities/Research organizations.
Major Issues
• Diverse agro climatic settings
• Harnessing Human Capital
• Visibility, vibrancy & effectiveness of Farm
Science Centre
• Specialization & excellence
• Agro advisory & agri alert
• Documentation of innovation, cases & success
stories
• Challenging - coordination & monitoring
