Major Insect
Pests in Rice
Crops
Contents
01 Introduction to Rice
Pests
02 Brown Planthopper
(BPH)
03 Rice Earhead Bug 04 Rice Gall Midge
05 Green Leafhopper
(GLH)
06 Rice Hispa
07 Rice Stem Borer 08 Rice Leaf Roller
PART-01
Introduction to
Rice Pests
The Importance of Rice
01 02 03
Rice as a Staple Economic Impact Overview of
Food Major Pests
Rice is a primary food Rice cultivation significantly Several insect pests pose
source for a substantial impacts regional and global significant threats to rice
portion of the world's economies, thus losses production; understanding
population; maintaining caused by pests can have these threats is vital for
stable yields is crucial for widespread consequences. effective management.
food security.
Understanding Pest Damage
IPM strategies that
Insects cause both Pest infestations lead
combine multiple
direct (feeding on the to reduced quantity
control approaches
plant) and indirect and quality; strategies
are most effective in
(disease transmission) must maintain both
managing pest
damage; both affect aspects of the rice
populations
overall yield. crop.
sustainably.
Direct vs. Indirect Impact on Yield and The Need for Integrated
Damage Quality Pest Management (IPM)
PART-02
Brown
Planthopper
(BPH)
Identification and Biology
01 02 03
Scientific Life Cycle and Habitat and
Classification Reproduction Distribution
Nilaparvata iugens, belonging Rapid reproduction rates Widespread distribution across
to the order Hemiptera. contribute to quick infestations rice-growing regions.
and significant damage.
Damage Characteristics
"Hopper Burn" Virus Transmission Symptoms and
Severity
Excessive sap sucking causes BPH is a vector for viruses Visual symptoms include
yellowing and drying of like grassy stunt virus, plant yellowing and reduced
plants. complicating management. growth rates; severe cases
will cause plant death.
01 02 03
Control Measures
Insecticides
Triazophos and other suitable insecticides can
effectively manage BPH populations; correct
application is key.
Natural Enemies
Encourage the presence of natural predators to
help control BPH – spiders, beetles, etc.
Water Management
Good water management practices can
minimize BPH infestations.
PART-03
Rice Earhead Bug
Identification and Biology
01 02 03
Scientific Life Cycle Habitat and
Classification distribution
Leptocorisa oratorius Nymphs and adults alike damage They are commonly found in rice
(Leptocorisa acuta), belonging to rice crops, requiring constant fields.
the order Hemiptera. monitoring.
Damage Characteristics
Sap Sucking Chaffy Grains Foul Odor
Nymphs and adults suck sap Damaged grains become chaffy, Infested grains may show black
from developing grains. leading to yield loss. spots and emit a foul odor; this
indicates severe infestation.
Control Measures
Insecticides Non-Chemical Monitoring and Early
Methods Detection
Quinalphos and malathion can Removing alternate hosts and Regular field monitoring to
be used to control rice earhead using light traps can also help; detect early signs of infestation
bugs. prevention is important. will help prevent widespread
damage.
PART-04
Rice Gall Midge
Identification and Biology
01 02 03
Scientific Life Cycle Habitat
Classification
Orseolia oryzae, belonging Larvae induce gall They primarily inhabit
to the order Diptera. formation, impacting plant regions with conducive
development severely. climatic conditions.
Damage Characteristics
Silver Shoots
Larvae induce the formation of silver shoots (galls) instead of panicles.
Prevention of Grain Formation
Gall formation prevents grain formation, leading to significant yield loss.
Impact on Plant Health
Infested plants exhibit stunted growth and reduced vigor.
Control Measures
Resistant Insecticides Parasitoids
Varieties
Using resistant rice Insecticides can be used Parasitoids like
varieties is an effective to control gall midge Platygaster oryzae can
control measure. populations; timing of provide biological control.
application is crucial.
PART-05
Green Leafhopper
(GLH)
Identification and Biology
Scientific Life Cycle Distribution
Classification
Cicadella viridis, belonging to GLH causes damage through They affect crops in various
the order Hemiptera. feeding and virus regions.
transmission.
Damage Characteristics
Yellowing and Drying of Leaves
GLH causes yellowing and drying of leaves, reducing
photosynthesis; overall plant vigor decreases.
Virus Transmission
GLH transmits viruses like tungro, exacerbating crop
damage; thus timely measures are needed.
Impact on Plant Growth
Infested plants exhibit stunted growth and reduced yield.
Control Measures
Insecticides Natural Predators Field Sanitation
Appropriate insecticides can be Encouraging natural predators Maintaining field sanitation is
applied to control GLH can help manage GLH vital in preventing GLH
populations. populations; introduce beneficial infestations; remove weeds and
insects. plant debris.
PART-06
Rice Hispa
Identification and Biology
Scientific Life Cycle Habitat
Classification
Dicladispa armigera, Both adults and larvae They are commonly found
belonging to the order damage leaves. infesting rice fields.
Coleoptera.
Damage Characteristics
Leaf Damage Burnt Appearance Impact on
Photosynthesis
Adults and larvae damage Severe infestations can give the Leaf damage reduces the
leaves, creating irregular white field a burnt appearance; photosynthetic area, impacting
patches and blisters. immediate action should be plant growth.
taken.
Control Measures
Systemic Insecticides
01 Systemic insecticides can be used to control rice hispa.
Water Management
02 Proper water management can reduce the severity of attacks; regulated water
levels help.
Balanced Fertilization
03 Balanced fertilization practices can strengthen plants against rice hispa
attacks; nutrient balance is important.
PART-07
Rice Stem Borer
Identification and Biology
Scientific Classification
Scirpophaga incertulas, belonging to the order Lepidoptera.
01
Life Cycle
Larvae bore into stems, causing significant damage.
02
Distribution
They are widespread across rice-growing regions.
03
Damage Characteristics
Deadhearts Whiteheads Yield Loss
Larvae cause deadhearts They cause whiteheads Both deadhearts and
(drying of the central (empty panicles) in whiteheads contribute to
shoot) in young plants. mature plants. substantial yield loss.
Control Measures
Insecticides Egg Parasitoids Crop Rotation
Insecticides are commonly Encouraging egg parasitoids Crop rotation and removal of
used to control rice stem like Trichogramma japonica stubble can also help;
borers. helps; biological control is prevents continuous
effective. infestation.
PART-08
Rice Leaf Roller
Identification and Biology
Scientific Life Cycle Habitat
Classification
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Larvae roll leaves together and They are commonly found in rice
belonging to the order feed inside. fields.
Lepidoptera.
Damage Characteristics
Feeding Inside Impact on Plant
Leaf Rolling
Leaves Growth
Larvae roll leaves
Feeding inside rolled Reduced photosynthetic
together, reducing
leaves causes area impacts plant
photosynthetic area;
significant damage. growth and yield.
reduces plant vigor.
Control Measures
Insecticides
Insecticides can be applied to control rice leaf rollers.
01 Biological Control
Biological control agents like Trichogramma chilonis can be effective; helps
minimize chemical use.
02
Monitoring
03 Regular crop monitoring
PART-09
Conclusion: IPM
Strategies for
Rice Pests
Recap of Major Pests
Review of Damage
Summary of the characteristics of each pest.
Importance of Early Detection
Early detections are key to managing their effects on the crop.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Combining Sustainable The Future of Rice
Strategies Practices Pest Control
IPM integrates multiple control Promoting sustainable rice Continuous research and
methods to minimize farming practices is beneficial. innovation is vital to combat
environmental impact; evolving pest challenges.
sustainable and effective.
The Future of Rice Farming
Investing in Research
Investing in research and development helps
sustain high levels of yields.
01
Educating Farmers
Community Actions The importance of education regarding
03 02 pest control methods.
Farmers of the community coming together
helps the prevention of infestations.
Thank you for
Listening
