Session 5
Describing the STAR Steps
IDENTIFYING HAZARDS
Steps to conducting Strategic Risk Count
ry
Assessments
Risk
Profile
Hazard Step 1: Identification
Health of hazards that are
Consequences most likely to trigger
national response
Scale
Exposure
Frequency Step 6: Integration of
Step 2: Evaluation of Step 4: Determination Step 5: Finalization of key actions into
of risk level risk profile
Likelihood appropriate plans and
Seasonality operations
Likelihood
Determination of Draft key next
confidence level steps (key
in information actions) based on
available that country risk
Severity informed inputs profile
Step 3: Determination
Vulnerability of the impact
Coping Capacity
Recall: Previous Data Information Gathered
Relevant data to support the STAR exercise in advance
Relevant health data/information Non-health data/information Population dynamics, movement,
analysis of vulnerability
All-Hazards (types)
•Biological hazards e.g viruses, bacteria etc
•Geophysical e.g earthquake, tsunami,landslide
•Hydro-meteorological hazards e.g flooding,
tropical cyclone, drought, heat wave etc
•Technological hazard e.g. chemical spill, fires,
mining accidents, radiation, gas leaks etc
•Societal hazards e.g. acts of violence, civil
unrest, terrorism, stampede
•Environmental hazards e.g. erosion,
deforestation, salinization etc
•Extra-terrestrial hazards e.g. meteorite,
airburst, geomagnetic storms etc 5
Recall the definition
Hazard refers to a
process, phenomenon
or human activity that
may cause
loss of life, injury or other
health impacts, property
damage, social and
economic disruption or
environmental degradation
(UNGA 2016, WHO4
Reference Hazards Lists
Geoph Hydro- Extraterre Technologi Societal Environmental
meteorolog strial cal
ysical ical Biological hazards
hazards
Geophysi Weather- Respirator Vector- Faeco-oral Viral Animal- Blood Other Extraterre Technologi Societal Environmental
cal related y borne diseases Haemorrhag human borne Infectio strial cal
pathogen diseases ic Fevers contact & us
s (VHFs) (Zoonosis) STDs hazards
Earthquake Avalanche COVID-19 Chagas Cholera/ Alkhurma Anthrax Hepatitis Antimicrobi Geogmagneti Biological Violence Air pollution
disease Acute Watery haemorrhagic B al resistant c storms agents
Diarrhea fever
Landslide Cold Diphtheria Chikungunya Cryptosporidi Crimean-Congo Leptospirosis Hepatitis Disease X Meteorite Chemical Conflicts Deforestation
wave/Severe um haemorrhagic C agents
winter fever
Tsunami Cyclone Seasonal Dengue Gastroenteriti Ebola disease Mpox HIV/ Scabies Shockwave Cyber attack Civil unrest Land degradation
Influenza s/Food borne (formerly AIDS and desertification
diseases monkeypox)
Volcanic Drought Measles Japanese Hepatitis A Lassa Fever Plague Hepatitis Mulnutrati UV radiation Explosive Explosive Erosion
activity encephalitis D on agents remnants of
war (ERW)
Dust/ Meningococc Leishmaniasis Hepatitis E Marbug virus Rabies Fire Financial Sea-level rise
Sandstorm al Disease disease crisis
Flood Mumps Malaria Listeriosis haemorrhagic Gas leak Stampede or Forest/Wildfires
fever crushing
Heat wave Pertussis Onchocerciasi Paratyphoid Rift Valley fever Mining Terrorism
s fever hazards
Polluted air Rubella Schistosomias Poliomyelitis Yellow fever Nuclear agents Inter-conflict
is
Storm Tuberculosis Tick-borne Typhoid Filoviruses Oil pollution
encephalitis fever
Tornado Varicella Trypanosomia Power outage/
sis or blackout
Rockfall Respiratory West Nile Radiation
pathogens fever agents
with
(influenza,
coronavirus,
orthopox
virus, etc.)
Step 1• Has this hazard recently been
Key Points of consideration: Count
ry
Risk
Profile
Hazard
Step 1: experienced in the Woreda? Within the
Identification of
Health hazards that are last 5-10 years?
Consequences most likely to
trigger national
• Have we considered/reviewed available
Scale coordinated previous risk assessments (all-hazards or
response
Exposure hazard- specific/vertical) or risk models?
(including climate-based models)
• Would this hazard likely result in an
activation of a national/subnational
coordinated response mechanism?
• Are there any potential risks that could
spill over from neighbouring countries or
areas that we should consider?
Probing questions for identifying hazards
• Has this hazard recently been experienced in the
country/Woreda ? Within the last 5-10 years?
• Have we considered/reviewed available previous
risk assessments (all-hazards or hazard-specific) or
risk models? (including climate-based models)
• Would this hazard likely result in an activation of a
national/subnational response mechanism?
• Are there any potential risks that could spill over from
neighbouring countries or areas that we should
consider?
Any additional probing questions?
Woreda Contexts (35 mins)
Group discussions
Identification
of Hazards Key Questions:
• Identify hazards in your setting that fit the
STAR criteria and give at-least 2 justifications
for selecting each hazard you have identified
(20 mins)
• What were the data sources used to justify
the hazards selected?
• Describe the considerations/tips for Condacting
hazard identification this session during a STAR
workshop (as time allows, 5- 10 mins)
Subgroup of Hazards Specific Hazard Main Type of Hazard
Identifying hazards
[Plenary discussion 15 minutes]
1) Malaria has been identified by
participants in woreda X, but
the country already has a well-
established malaria control
programme. What advice would
you give to the participants?
2) Any points of key advice ?
12
Identifying Hazards: Facilitators notes
• Be aware of risks of bias from participants with personal or organizational interests
• Emphasize the need to limit the number of hazards to be assessed to a reasonable
number given time parameters of the workshop to ensure that in-depth analysis of
hazards within the subsequent steps is possible
• Reference and make available the International Classification of Hazards or a
similar list of hazards to support workshop participants to finalize the woreda
hazard list
• Utilize probing questions as needed to facilitate discussion amongst
participants:
o Has this hazard recently been experienced in the country? Within the last five
years?
o Would this hazard likely result in an activation of a national/subnational
response mechanism?
o Is there potential for hazards to spill over from neighboring states?
HEALTH
Other countries (PHEIC)? EMERGENCIES
programme
THANK U
