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Database Management Systems

This document discusses key concepts related to database management systems including: 1. A database is a centrally controlled, logically organized collection of data that can be accessed and maintained by different applications. 2. Database normalization involves organizing data into tables and establishing relationships between tables according to normal forms like 1NF, 2NF and 3NF to reduce redundancy and dependency. 3. A DBMS provides functionality for defining, constructing and maintaining databases including data storage, retrieval, security and concurrency control.

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Vimala Dharmasivam
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113 views16 pages

Database Management Systems

This document discusses key concepts related to database management systems including: 1. A database is a centrally controlled, logically organized collection of data that can be accessed and maintained by different applications. 2. Database normalization involves organizing data into tables and establishing relationships between tables according to normal forms like 1NF, 2NF and 3NF to reduce redundancy and dependency. 3. A DBMS provides functionality for defining, constructing and maintaining databases including data storage, retrieval, security and concurrency control.

Uploaded by

Vimala Dharmasivam
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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D.VIMALA I YEAR M.B.

Special software create & maintain a database. Enable individual business applications to extract the

data they need without data definitions. Acts as an interface between application programs and physical data files.

Centrally controlled, integrated collection of logically

organized data, is a database. Various pieces of data within database must have logical connection among themselves for integration i.e, data elements must be in a specific place and bear specific relationships for collection of data to be substantial.

Groups of mathematical rules to test decisions

Process of applying rules of normal form is

NORMALISATION. DEGREES OF NORMALISATION: 1NF 2NF 3NF or boyce codd normal form 4NF

5NF

Considers information requirements of many different

types of users Conceptual relationships will decide the key data entities and attributes PHYSICAL DATABASE MODEL:stored framework of data on a physical device design of the database optimise the physical database for space and time consideration

This involves.
End Recording data user decisio ii. Classifying data n iii. Sorting data iv. Calculating data v. Storing data vi. Retrieving data vii. Reproducing data viii. Communicating data

i.

Data collecti on i/p

Raw data

proces sing

Inform ation output

DATA STRUCTURE:logical or mathematical model of a particular organization of data FOUR MAJOR OPERATIONS:1. Traversing 2. Searching 3. Inserting 4. Deleting

Atleast one person

Set of rules and relationships


People who put data People who get data

Database itself

LANGUAGES TO COMMUNICATE:1. data description language 2. data manipulation language

store large amount of data

interrogate data files


retrieve and modify data Limits the access to the database files

Enables to add more data and program

Data definition

Data manipulation
Data integrity Access control

Concurrency control
Transaction recovery

Provide for mass storage

Easy access to data


Provide prompt response Makes latest modifications

Eliminate redundant data


Allow multiple to be active Allow for growth in the database system

Protect data from physical harm

Database interrogation and reporting

Application development
Database access Database creation and modification

DBMS PACKAGES:MS Access , lotus

Data models

Object base logical models

Record based logical models

Physical data models

ER model
Object oriented Binary model

semantic data Info -logical Functional

1.relational 2.network 3.hierarchical

1. unifying 2. frame memory

One to one

One to many
Many to many

DATABASE STRUCTURES Hierarchical Relational Network Object oriented Multi dimensional

DEFINITION:Relational only if it obeys the foll three rules. all information must be held in tables All relationships between data must be represented explicitly. Retrieval of data must be possible using
a.) Select b.) join c.)project

Performance

Ability to distribute data


Ability to handle enormous quantities of data

SERVER ARCHITECTURE: computer that supports applications and telecommunications Sharing of peripheral devices, software and databases

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