CONTROLLER
Pradeep. p
JOT 11 BATCH
INSTRUMENTE
S
CONTROLLER
A process controller oversees an
automated process to ensure that the
system performs as it should.
they have set variables to maintain, and if
any part of the machine assembly operates
differently, they usually correct it
Single loop controller :
CONTROL SYSTEM
In a system when the output
quantity is controlled by varying
the input quantity ,than the
system is called control system
Output quantity Controlled variable
(or) response
Input quantity Command signal
Control system
On off controller
Open loop controller
Closed loop controller
Feed forward controller
Cascade controller
Ratio controller
Split range controller
On off controller
When measured variable is below
the set point the controller is on and the
output signal is maximum
When measured variable is above the
set point the controller is off and output
is zero.
ON OFF C0NTROLLER DIAGRAM
ON OFF CONTROL LIQUID LEVEL
CONTROL SYSTEM
ON-OFF Liquid level control system
Open loop control system
The open-loop control system, also
called a non-feedback control system.
The control action from the controller
is independent of the "process output",
which is the process variable that is being
controlled.
Control
Set signal CONTROLLED
Out put
point Process
CONTROLLER
ADVANTAGES
Simple and construction and
design
Easy to maintain
CLOSED LOOP CONTROL
SYSTEM
A closed-loop control system is a type
of control system in which the
controlling action shows dependency
on the generated output of the
system.
CLOSED LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM
disturbance
proces
s
ADVANTAGE :
closed loop control system are more
accurate
FEED FORWARD CONTROL
SYSTEM
Feed forward control system is to measure
disturbance and compensate for them
before the controlled variable deviates from
the set point.
This system which account for predicted
disturbances entering into the system.
Feed forward control system
diagram
CASCADE CONTROLLER
.
In a cascade control we have one
manipulated variable and more than
one measurement.
The two controllers with the primary
controller output ,is the set point of the
secondary controllers input secondary
controller.
CASECADE CONTROLLER DIAGRAM
RATIO CONTROL SYSTEM
Ratio control is a special type of feed
forward control where two disturbances are
measured and held in a constant ratio to
each other.
Many industries require feed in specific
ratio, examples being air –fuel ratio in
burner’s reactants ratio to blending unit and
reactors.
RATIO CONTROL SYSTEM diagram
ratio
UREA
BAGGING : Ratio control system
SPLIT RANGE CONTROL
SYSTEM
Split-range control is used when a single
controller is employed to control two final
control elements.
in a split range controller loop,the output
of the controller is split in to two ore more
final control element.
Split range control system diagram :
UREA PLANT :
Steam system PCL 505 A,B
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