CROP RECOMMENDATION
SYSTEM USING MACHINE
LEARNING
Department of Computer Science
and Engineering
Guided by: [Your Guide's Name]
Batch No.: [Your Batch]
Miniproject
Abstract
• This project implements a machine learning-
based Crop Recommendation System using
Random Forest. It predicts the most suitable
crop for cultivation based on soil nutrients (N,
P, K), climate conditions (temperature,
humidity, rainfall), and soil pH. The goal is to
help farmers maximize crop yield by providing
data-driven recommendations.
Problem Statement
• Traditional crop selection is based on farmer
experience, which can lead to inefficient
decisions. Factors such as soil nutrients, pH
levels, and weather conditions must be
considered for optimal crop selection. A data-
driven approach can enhance accuracy and
productivity.
Objective
• • Develop a machine learning model to
recommend suitable crops.
• • Utilize soil and climate parameters to
improve accuracy.
• • Provide farmers with real-time
recommendations for better decision-making.
Introduction
• Agriculture plays a crucial role in the economy.
However, improper crop selection leads to
lower yields and financial losses. Machine
learning can help optimize decision-making by
analyzing multiple parameters and suggesting
the best crops for cultivation.
Input Parameters
• • Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K)
• • Temperature (°C)
• • Humidity (%)
• • Rainfall (mm)
• • pH Level (Soil Acidity/Alkalinity)
Machine Learning Model
• The Random Forest algorithm is used for crop
prediction. It works by creating multiple
decision trees and averaging their predictions,
making it robust against overfitting and highly
accurate.
System Architecture
• • Data Collection (Agricultural Datasets)
• • Data Preprocessing (Handling missing values,
standardization)
• • Model Training (Random Forest Algorithm)
• • Prediction and Recommendation
Implementation
• 1. Dataset Preparation: Collected from
agricultural sources.
• 2. Feature Engineering: Selecting relevant soil
and climate factors.
• 3. Model Training: Using Random Forest
Classifier.
• 4. Web Deployment: Flask-based user
interface for predictions.
Results and Accuracy
• The Random Forest model achieved high
accuracy in recommending suitable crops
based on provided input parameters. Testing
was conducted using real-world agricultural
data.
Challenges and Solutions
• • Data Imbalance: Addressed using
oversampling techniques.
• • Model Interpretability: Feature importance
analysis.
• • Real-time Prediction: Implemented
optimized Flask backend.
Conclusion and Future Scope
• Conclusion:
• The project successfully implemented a crop
recommendation model with high accuracy.
• Future Scope:
• • Integration with real-time weather APIs.
• • Mobile App Development.
• • Expansion to include soil moisture and pest
prediction.
References
• 1. Agricultural Research Papers
• 2. Government Soil Data Reports
• 3. Machine Learning in Agriculture Studies
