Comparative Analysis of National Curriculum
Framework (NCF)
Old NCF vs New NCF for Foundational Skills (2022)
Understanding the National Curriculum Framework (NCF)
What is NCF? Its Core Purpose A Continuous Evolution
A comprehensive guideline by To provide direction for syllabus,
NCERT for curriculum textbooks, and teaching From its inception in 1975,
development in India. practices nationwide. through 1988, 2000, 2005,
leading to the latest iteration in
2022/2023.
Previous NCF Frameworks: A Brief Overview
NCF 2000 NCF 2005
Approach: Child-centred, though primarily content-based. Approach: Shifted to a constructivist model,
emphasizing experiential learning.
• Limited technology integration.
• • Introduced Continuous and Comprehensive
Teacher-dominated classrooms were common.
Evaluation (CCE).
• Focused on developing critical thinking and life skills.
Key Differentiators: Old NCFs (2000 & 2005)
Pedagogy Teacher-based, rote learning Child-centred, constructive learning
Assessment Summative tests Formative, continuous
Curriculum Focus Academic, theoretical Holistic, experiential
Teacher's Role Instructor Facilitator, guide
Language Policy English and Hindi Multilingual approach
Introducing the New NCF 2022: A Paradigm Shift
The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 ushered in transformative changes, culminating in the NCF 2022. This new
framework fundamentally redefines the educational landscape.
1 2
New Educational Structure Foundational Skills Focus
Replaced the 10+2 system with a flexible 5+3+3+4 format.Specific emphasis on NCF-FS 2022 for ages 3-8 years.
3 4
Developmentally Appropriate Panchakosha Concept
Learning tailored to the cognitive and emotional Integrates five dimensions for holistic child
stages of children. development.
NCF 2022: The 5+3+3+4 Structure
in Detail
Foundational Stage (5 years): Ages 3-8
Play-based, discovery-oriented learning, building language,
numeracy, and social skills.
Preparatory Stage (3 years): Ages 8-11
Activity-oriented learning, nurturing curiosity and basic
academic skills.
Middle Stage (3 years): Ages 11-14
Focus on interdisciplinary subjects, fostering critical thinking.
Secondary Stage (4 years): Ages 14-18
Subject flexibility, vocational options, and career preparation.
Core Principles of New NCF 2022
Competency-Based Learning
Holistic Education
Focuses on physical, emotional,
Emphasises skills and
intellectual, and spiritual growth.
understanding over rote
memorisation.
Revised Assessment Flexible & Inclusive
Methods Curriculum
Moves towards competency- Caters to diverse learning needs
based evaluation. and backgrounds.
Indian Knowledge Systems
Foundational Literacy &
Numeracy
Integrates indigenous learning and
Targets 100% competency by Grade 3.
cultural values.
NCF-FS 2022: The Panchakosha Concept
Central to the NCF-FS 2022, the Panchakosha (five sheaths) concept guides holistic child development for ages 3-8,
drawing from ancient Indian wisdom.
Pranik Vikas
Sharirik Vikas
Development of life energy and vitality.
Physical development, including
health and motor skills.
Manasik Vikas
Emotional and mental
development, nurturing well-
Spiritual Development being.
Inner growth, values, and ethical Bauddhik Vikas
understanding. Intellectual development, fostering
cognitive abilities.
Comparative Analysis: Old NCF (2005) vs. New NCF 2022
Structure 10+2 system 5+3+3+4 system
Age Focus Grade-based Development-based stages
Learning Approach Subject-specific Competency-based
Early Education Formal from Grade 1 Play-based till age 8
Technology Basic integration Comprehensive digital literacy
Cultural Integration Limited Strong Indian Knowledge Systems
Conclusion: A Fundamental Transformation
The NCF 2022 represents a fundamental transformation in Indian education.
Foundational Focus
1 Strong emphasis on early childhood education (3-8 years).
Future-Ready
2 Preparing students for modern challenges while preserving cultural values.
Child-Centric
3 Development-appropriate learning stages.
Paradigm Shift
4 From content transmission to competency development.
