Art and humanities
- 1. ART AND HUMANITIES Appreciating Painting
- 2. ART AND HUMANITIES • Art is that which brings life in harmony with the beauty of the world. – Plato • Art is the whole spirit of man. – Ruskin • Art is the medium by which the artist communicates himself to his fellows. - Charleton Noyes • Art is anything made or done by man that affects or moves us so that we see or feel beauty in it. - Collins and Riley
- 3. ART AND HUMANITIES ART • The word “art” is derived from arti, which denotes craft manship, skill, mastery of form, inventiveness. • Art helps us understand more about the culture and values that produced • Art can be define as a way of telling your feeling or thought in the way you can see it. HUMANITIES • The term Humanities comes from the Latin word,”Humanus” which mean human, cultured and refined. • It generally refers to art, literature, music, architecture, dance and the theatre in which human subjectivity is emphasized and individual expressiveness is dramatized.
- 4. PAINTING • A painting is an image (artwork) created using pigments (color) on a surface (ground) such as paper or canvas. • Painting can also be a verb, the action of creating such an artwork. • Painting is a mode of creative expression, and can be done in numerous forms. • Painting is the art of splashing colors with the help of brushes in a certain way to create an art. Painting can be done on almost any surface and they can be a digital art or use of paints and brushes.
- 5. HISTORY OF PAINTING • The History of Painting is a never-ending chain that began with the very first pictures ever made. Each style grows out of the styles that came before it. Every great artist adds to the accomplishments of earlier painters and influences later painters. • History of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.
- 7. CAVE ART • Cave paintings, also known as parietal art, are painted drawings on cave walls or ceilings, mainly of prehistoric origin, beginning roughly 40,000 years ago (around 38,000 BCE) in Eurasia. • Evidence suggests that they were not merely decorations of living areas, since the caves in which they have been found do not have signs of ongoing habitation, and they are often in relatively inaccessible chambers.
- 8. CHAUVET CAVE
- 9. RENAISSANCE ART 1400 - 1525 • Renaissance art is the painting, sculpture and decorative arts of the period of European history, emerging as a distinct style in Italy in about 1400, in parallel with developments which occurred in philosophy, literature, music, and science. • Renaissance art marks the transition of Europe from the medieval period to the Early Modern age. • Renaissance, a French term which has come to describe the 'rebirth' of interest in classical art and learning, above all from Italy, from the early 14th to the mid 16th centuries. The term is applied as a stylistic label to the art of these centuries.
- 10. EXAMPLES OF RENAISSANCE ART The Lamentation Artist: Giotto di Bondone
- 11. EXAMPLES OF RENAISSANCE ART Ghent Altarpiece or Adoration of the Mystic Lamb Artist: Jan van Eyck
- 12. EXAMPLES OF RENAISSANCE ART The Last Supper Artist: Leonardo Da Vinci
- 13. EXAMPLES OF RENAISSANCE ART The Creation of Adam Artist: Michelangelo
- 14. BAROQUE ART 1600 - 1800 • In fine art, the term Baroque derived from the Portuguese 'barocco' which means, 'irregular pearl or stone. • Anything with a complicated design can be baroque but it also refers to a style of art, music, and architecture from 17th Century Italy • Baroque was the dominant style in art and architecture of the seventeenth century, characterized by self-confidence, dynamism and a realistic approach to depiction.
- 15. EXAMPLES OF BAROQUE ART Farnese Gallery frescoes or The Loves of God Artist: Annibale Carracci
- 16. EXAMPLES OF BAROQUE ART Christ Crucified (Christ on the Cross) Artist: Diego Velazquez
- 17. DUTCH GOLDEN AGE 1600 - 1700 • The Golden Age (Dutch: Gouden Eeuw) was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, military and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. • During and after the later part of the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) for Dutch independence.
- 18. EXAMPLES OF DUTCH GOLDEN AGE ART The Night Watch ―The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq Artist: Rembrandt Van Rijn
- 19. EXAMPLES OF DUTCH GOLDEN AGE ART The Gypsy Girl Artist: Frans Hals
- 20. ROCOCO 1700 - 1780 • Rococo or "Late Baroque", was an exuberantly decorative 18th- century European style which was the final expression of the baroque movement. • It pushed to the extreme the principles of illusion and theatricality, an effect achieved by dense ornament, asymmetry, fluid curves, and the use of white and pastel colors combined with gilding, drawing the eye in all directions. The ornament dominated the architectural space.
- 21. EXAMPLES OF ROCOCO ART The Swing Artist: Jean Honore Fragonard
- 22. EXAMPLES OF ROCOCO ART Pilgrimage to Cythera Artist: Jean-Antoine Watteau
- 23. ROMANTICISM ART 1750 - 1875 • Romanticism (also known as the Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. • Romanticism was characterized by its emphasis on emotion and individualism as well as glorification of all the past and nature, preferring the medieval rather than the classical.
- 24. EXAMPLES OF ROMANTICISM ART The Haywain Artist: John Constable
- 25. EXAMPLES OF ROMANTICISM ART The Lady of Shalott Artist: John William Waterhouse
- 26. REALISM ART 1830 - 1880 • Realism, sometimes called naturalism, in the arts is generally the attempt to represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and avoiding artistic conventions, or implausible, exotic, and supernatural elements. • Realism has been prevalent in the arts at many periods, and can be in large part a matter of technique and training, and the avoidance of stylization. • But realist or naturalist works of art may, as well or instead of illusionist realism, be "realist" in their subject-matter, and emphasize the mundane, ugly or sordid. This is typical of the 19th-century Realist movement that began in France in the 1850.
- 27. EXAMPLES OF REALISM ART Breezing Up Artist: Winslow Homer
- 28. EXAMPLES OF REALISM ART The Gleaners Artist: Jean Francois Millet
- 29. IMPRESSIONISM 1860 - 1900 • Impressionism is a movement of art that emerged in 1870s France. Rejecting the rigid rules of the beaux-arts (“fine arts”) showcased a new way to observe and depict the world in their work, foregoing realistic portrayals for fleeting impressions of their surroundings.
- 30. EXAMPLES OF IMPRESSIONISM ART Water Lilies Artist: Claude Monet
- 31. EXAMPLES OF IMPRESSIONISM ART Two Sisters ( On the Terrace ) Artist: Renoir
- 32. POST IMPRESSIONISM 1860 - 1900 • The work or style of a varied group of late 19th-century and early 20th- century artists including Van Gogh, Gauguin, and Cézanne. They reacted against the naturalism of the impressionists to explore color, line, and form, and the emotional response of the artist, a concern that led to the development of expressionism.
- 33. EXAMPLES OF POST IMPRESSIONISM ART A Starry Night Artist: Vincent Van Gogh
- 34. EXAMPLES OF POST IMPRESSIONISM ART The Centennial of Independence, Artist: Henri Rousseau
- 35. FAUVISM EXPRESSIONISM 1905 - 1935 • Fauvism is the style of les Fauves (French for "the wild beasts"), a group of early twentieth-century modern artists whose works emphasized painterly qualities and strong color over the representational or realistic values retained by Impressionism.
- 36. EXAMPLES OF FAUVISM EXPRESSIONISM ART The Scream Artist: Edvard Munch
- 37. EXAMPLES OF FAUVISM EXPRESSIONISM ART Blue Horses Artist: Franz Marc
- 38. SURREALISM 1915 - 1950 • Surrealism a movement in art and literature that flourished in the early twentieth century. • Surrealism aimed at expressing imaginative dreams and visions free from conscious rational control
- 39. EXAMPLE OF SURREALISM ART The Persistence of Memory Artist: Salvador Dali
- 40. CUBISM 1906 - 1920 • Cubism is an early-20th-century art movement which brought European painting and sculpture historically forward toward 20th century Modern art. Cubism in its various forms inspired related movements in literature and architecture.
- 41. EXAMPLE OF CUBISM ART Guernica Artist: Pablo Picasso
- 42. ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM 1945 • Abstract expressionism is a post–World War II art movement in American painting, developed in New York in the 1940s. • It was the first specifically American movement to achieve international influence and put New York City at the center of the western art world, a role formerly filled by Paris.
- 43. EXAMPLE OF ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM ART Lavender Mist Artist: Jackson Pollock ―Jack the Dripper ‖
- 44. POP ART 1955 - 1973 • Pop art is an art movement that emerged in Britain and the United States during the mid- to late-1950s. • The movement presented a challenge to traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular and mass culture, such as advertising, comic books and mundane cultural objects.
- 45. EXAMPLES OF POP ART Marilyn Artist: Andy Warhol
- 46. EXAMPLES OF POP ART I was a Rich Man's Plaything Artist: Eduardo Paolozzi
- 47. CONTEMPORARY ART 2008 • Contemporary art is the art of today, produced in the late 20th century or in the 21st century.
- 48. EXAMPLES OF CONTEMPORARY ART Barack Obama "Hope" poster Artist: Frank Shepard Fairey
- 49. EXAMPLES OF CONTEMPORARY ART
- 50. EXAMPLES OF CONTEMPORARY ART
- 52. OIL PAINTING 1. OIL PAINTING • Oil painting can be a messy task and can be quite scary for beginners. Oil painting is suitable for almost all kinds of styles. • Oil paint uses some drying oil as a binder to the pigments, which gives the wonderful buttery feel to the paint.
- 53. WATERCOLOR PAINTING 2. WATERCOLOR PAINTING • Watercolor painting is usually done on the paper. • Watercolor uses water based solutions to mix the colors and hence the name water color painting.
- 54. PASTEL PAINTING 3. PASTEL PAINTING • Pastel sticks are normally used to create the pastel paintings. • Pastel paintings can be done on canvas, so you can do beautiful layering of colors with pastels.
- 55. ACRYLIC PAINTING 4. ACRYLIC PAINTING • Acrylic paint is a fast- drying paint made of pigment suspended in acrylic polymer emulsion. • Acrylic paints are water- soluble, but become water- resistant when dry.
- 56. SAND PAINTING 5. SAND PAINTING • Painting on sand can be quite messy and it's a temporary art. • The sand painting can be captured on video using speed motion, to understand how the artist works on them. • Sand painting is created using coloured sands, which is moved around on a fixed surface using hands.
- 57. DIGITAL PAINTING 6. DIGITAL PAINTING • Digital painting is the art of creating artwork on a computer, which makes it resemble a watercolor painting, oil painting or even an acrylic painting.
- 59. MURAL PAINTING • Mural painting has its roots in the primeval instincts of people to decorate their surroundings and to use wall surfaces as a form for expressing ideas, emotions, and beliefs
- 60. EASEL AND PANEL PAINTING • The easel, or studio, picture was a form developed during the Renaissance with the establishment of the painter as an individual artist. Its scale and portability enabled European artists to extend the range of themes, previously restricted to those suitable to mural decoration. while Panel paintings, by strict definition, are small pictures designed for specific sacred or secular purposes or as part of a functional object.
- 61. EASEL AND PANEL PAINTING
- 62. MINIATURE PAINTING • Miniature Painting - is a term applied both to Western portrait miniatures and to the Indian and Islamic forms of manuscript painting discussed below. Portrait miniatures, or limnings, were originally painted in watercolour with body colour on vellum and card. They were often worn in jewelled, enamelled lockets. Sixteenth-century miniaturists, such as Hans Holbein the Younger, Jean Clouet, Nicholas Hilliard, and Isaac Oliver, painted them in the tradition of medieval illuminators. Their flat designs, richly textured and minutely detailed, often incorporated allegorical and gilded heraldic motifs.
- 63. SCROLL PAINTING • Hand scrolls, traditional to China and Japan, are ink paintings on continuous lengths of paper or silk. They are unrolled at arm’s length and viewed from right to left. These generally represent panoramic views of rivers, mountain and urban landscapes, and domestic interiors.
- 64. SCREEN AND FAN PAINTING • Screen and Fan Painting - Folding screens and screen doors originated in China and Japan, probably during the 12th century (or possibly earlier), and screen painting continued as a traditional form into the 20th. They are in ink or gouache on plain or gilded paper and silk.
- 65. PANORAMAS PAINTING • Panoramas were intended to simulate the sensation of scanning an extensive urban or country view or seascape. This form of painting was popular at the end of the 18th century. Notable examples are The Battle of Agincourt (1805), by R.K. Porter, and the Mesdag Panorama (1881), by Hendrik Willem Mesdag. Panoramas might be compared to Cinerama films and enjoyed as a stimulating optical entertainment, along with cyclorama drums (large pictorial representations encircling the spectator), trompe l’oeil diorama peep shows, and the show box, for which Thomas Gainsborough painted glass transparencies.
- 66. MODERN FORMS PAINTING • The concept of painting as a medium for creating illusions of space, volume, texture, light, and movement on a flat, stationary support was challenged by many modern artists. • Some late 20th-century forms, for example, blurred the conventional distinctions between the mediums of sculpture and painting.
- 67. OTHER FORMS OF PAINTING • Portraiture • Genre • Landscape • Still Life • Narrative
- 69. GENRE PAINTING
- 74. COLOR • Color (or hue) is at the heart of every painting. • It is arguably the most important element because it sets the tone for how viewers feel about the work. • It can, for instance, be warm and inviting or cold and stark. Either way, color can set the mood for a piece. • There are endless ways that painters can play with color. Quite often, an artist may be drawn toward a particular palette that tends to define the style of their entire body of work.
- 75. TONE • Tone and value are used interchangeably in painting. • It is, essentially, how light or dark a paint is when you strip away the color. • Understanding how to use it can greatly affect the way your art is perceived. • Every color of paint has an almost endless variety of tones available to it. You can mix it with mediums and neutral paints to adjust its tone however you like. Some paintings have a very limited range of tones while others include stark contrasts in tones.
- 76. LINE • Line is defined as a narrow mark made by a brush, or a line created where two objects or elements meet. • It defines the subject of paintings and helps us imply things such as movement. • Landscape painters, in particular, are often concerned with the horizon line. Painters of all styles can add dimension to their work by employing the orthogonal and transversal lines found in drawings.
- 77. SHAPE • Every piece of artwork includes the element of shape, which ties into line and space. • In essence, a shape is an enclosed area that is made when lines meet. • When that shape takes on a third dimension (as in sculpture or some mixed media), we then also have form. • Artists often train themselves to see the shapes in everything. By breaking down the basic shapes of a subject, it creates an accurate representation of it in paintings and drawings.
- 78. SPACE • Space (or volume) is another crucial element in any art and it can be used to great effect in paintings. • When talking about space in art, we think of the balance between positive and negative space. • Positive space is the subject itself while the negative space is the area of a painting around it. Artists can play with a balance between these two spaces to further influence how viewers interpret their work.
- 79. TEXTURE • Paintings are the perfect medium to play with texture as well. This can be interpreted as a pattern within the painting or the brushstrokes themselves. • Some paints, particularly oils, are thicker and the way in which they're applied on the canvas or board can give the work more depth because of the texture. • Texture can also be a challenge for painters. • Replicating the shiny surface of glass or metal or the rough feel of a rock can be difficult. It is in objects like these that a painter can rely on the other elements of art—line, color, and tone, in particular—to further define the texture.
- 80. SIZE • "Size" refers to the scale of the painting itself as well as the scale of proportions within the painting's elements. • When it comes to determining the size of any piece of art, painters also have many things to consider. • Oversized paintings can be just as dramatic as a very small piece and both have their own challenges.
- 81. THE MEDIA OF PAINTING
- 82. ENCAUSTIC • In the technique known as encaustic, the medium for the powdered color is hot wax which is painted onto a wood surface with a brush. • It is then smoothed with a metal instrument resembling a spoon, and then blended and set over a flame to soften and set the colors into the wood. • This method produces durable colors and permits sculptural modeling of the paint surface. • Because of the wax medium, the colors are semi-translucent and look fresh and lively.
- 83. ENCAUSTIC
- 84. FRESCO • Fresco, also known as Buon Fresco or True Fresco, entails painting on freshly spread, moist plaster. • First, layers of plaster are applied to the surface. While the final layer is still wet, the artist applies the colors, which are earth pigments mixed with water. • The colors penetrate the wet plaster and combine chemically with it, producing a painted surface which does not peel when exposed to moisture. As the paint must be painted on wet plaster, the amount of plaster which may be put down at one time is limited to what can be painted at one sitting. Often lines can be seen in frescos around an area which was one day's work. The painting must be done rapidly and without mistakes. It produces a mat surface with fairly DE saturated colors. This technique was perfected in Renaissance Italy.
- 85. FRESCO
- 86. EGG TEMPERA • In this method, the pigment is mixed with egg yolk or both the yolk and white of an egg. • It is thinned with water and applied to a gesso ground (plaster mixed with a binding) on a panel. It was also used on parchment or paper to illustrate or embellish books in the era before the 15th century development of the printing press. • This type of painting dries very quickly and produces an opaque, matte surface. The colors tend to dry to a lighter value than they appear when wet. The colors produced are bright and saturated. Modeling is achieved by hatching. Egg tempera was used for panel painting until the 15th century.
- 87. EGG TEMPERA
- 88. MOSAIC • The design is created by small pieces of colored glass, stone, or ceramic (called Tesserae), embedded in wet mortar which has been spread over the surface to be decorated. • Their slightly irregular placement on a surface creates a very lively, reflective surface when viewed at a distance. This was often used to decorate walls, floors, and ceilings. This link takes you to an gallery of Byzantine mosaics.
- 89. MOSAIC
- 90. CONNECTION OF HUMANITIES THROUGH ARTS • H – ope • U – nity • M – Ass media • A – ctiveness • N – ature • I - nspiration • T - houghts • I - ndustry • E - conomy • S - ystem • A – Admires • R – ight • T - ell