School Management-Notes Week 1,Lecture 1& 2.docx
- 1. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT (WEEK 1: LECTURE 1&2) By DR.SHAZIA ZAMIR NUML SCHOOL A school is an educational institution designed to provide learning spaces and learning environments for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. MANAGEMENT Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling all the activities of the organization in pursuit of predefined objectives. Management means the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals. Management can be defined as a process of getting the work or the task done that is required for achieving the goals of an organization in an efficient and effective manner. SCHOOL MANAGEMENT The school management system is a large database system and can be used for managing any school’s day to day business. It is the process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling the activities of an institution utilizing human and material resources so as to effectively and efficiently accomplish the function of teaching, extension work and research for the purpose of achieving the aims and goals of school. School management means running the school along the desired educational policies. It takes into account all aspects of the school (policies, material and human resources, programs, activities, equipment etc. and integrates them into a fruitful whole. In simple words it means managing the affairs of a school. AIMS OF SCHOOL MANAGEMENT To prepare students for the art of learning together. To bring school and community close to each- other. To prepare the students according to the interest and ability of the students To help the students to unfold their personality (mental development) inner part. To enable the students to have the right type of psychology of life. To work for the betterment of societies. To reflect and conserve basic values. To carry out educational futures. To managesocial change. To profit by experience. To carry out modernization. To propagate science. To adopt technology.
- 2. To realizeNational Integration. To form character and values. CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD SCHOOL MANAGEMENT 1. Objective Based: It means to attain the objectives of education and schooling. 2. Quality of Education: Good school management is concerned with the quality of education being given in schools. 3. Headmaster: He/She is a democratic leader of the school. 4. Professional growth: It brings out the best in the teacher and supervisors and takes steps to promote their professional growth. 5. The best use of resources: In order to promote efficient functioning of the school. It makes the best possible use of the material resources. 6. Joint Enterprise: It involves the joint enterprise all the personnel connected with the school – Teacher, supervisors, pupils, parents etc. 7. Continuous process: It is a continuous process. It always concerned with improvement and development of the institution. 8. Efficiency and Improvement: It tries to bring out over all improvement and efficiency in the school. 9. Community oriented: It is alive to social needs and requirement as the school is meant to serve the society 10. Input–Output Model: It works on the input-out model. It takes into account the efforts made and the outcomes achieved. PRINCIPLES OF SCHOOL MANAGEMENT 1. Democratic Philosophy of Education 2. Freedom 3. Student-Centered 4. Flexible, Adoptable and Stable 1.Democratic Philosophy ofEducation In an educational institution in a democracy, the administrator is a friends and a guide. Principal consults his colleagues, honors their opinions, confers with them is staff meetings, meets them informally in gatherings and clubs. Principal recognizes the worth of each individual’s child finds out his potentialities and gives him/her help and guidance according to his/her requirements. 2.Freedom The power of critical thinking an important requisite of democracy can only be cultivate by individuals in an atmosphere of freedom. The pupils should also be allowed enough freedom to rise to the full stature of their abilities. 3.Student-Centered All educational management must be largely student-centered. The basic purpose of all educational endeavors is the welfare of the students. Enough opportunities must be provided for the wholesome development of the students.
- 3. 4 .Flexible, Adoptable and Stable Educational management must hold fast to the good, change what requires changing and be fertile in considering individual differences in all personalities involved. Democracy can only become real through its educational institutions, which will teach its children the democratic way of life. There must pervade an atmosphere of justice, freedom and cooperation in the educational institutions, only then good training in leadership and followership can be given. ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT Organization management refers to the art of getting people together on a common platform to make them work towards a common predefined goal. Organization management enables the optimum use of resources through meticulous planning and control at the workplace. Organization management gives a sense of direction to the employees. The individuals are well aware of their roles and responsibilities and know what they are supposed to do in the organization. ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT PLANNING Planning is the function of management that involves setting objectives and determining a course of action for achieving those objectives. Planning requires that managers be aware of environmental conditions facing their organization and forecast future conditions. Planning can be defined as a process of setting up of goals and objectives for a given period of time, formulating alternatives for the course of action to be taken, and finally deciding an appropriate action from the various alternatives. ORGANIZING School organization” refers to how schools arrange the resources of time, space, and personnel for maximum effect on student learning. Organizing is the process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority, and establishing relationships for the purpose of enabling people to work most effectively together in accomplishing objectives. DIRECTING Direction is an aspect of management that deals directly with influencing, guiding, supervising, and motivating staff for the achievement of organizational goals. Direction is an aspect of management that deals directly with influencing, guiding, supervising, and motivating staff for the achievement of organizational goals. Like supervising employees while on the job, pushing them to perform better, and leading them toward organizational goals are all examples of directing.
- 4. CONTROLLING Controlling involves measuring and monitoring performance in accordance with plans and taking corrective action when required. It establishes performance standards based on the objectives, measures and reports actual performance compares the two and takes corrective or preventive action as necessary. Controlling can be defined as a function of management which helps to seek planned results from the subordinates, managers and at all levels of an organization. The controlling function helps in measuring the progress towards the organizational goals & indicates corrective action. Like Schedule and deadline management, employee training, performance evaluations, adjustments to budgets or staffing assignments, and resource allocation are all included within the controlling function.