2.10 network layer services i pv4
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This document provides an overview of communication networks focused on the network layer services of IPv4, including framing, flow control, access control, and various networking protocols like Ethernet and WLAN. It explains the structure and necessity of IP addresses, detailing their classes, sub netting, and usability in identifying network and broadcast addresses. Additionally, it includes exercises for determining network classes and address ranges based on given IP addresses.
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2.10 network layer services i pv4
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- 2. Overview of Module- 2 • Framing • What is Framing • Types of Framing • Methods for identifying the boundaries • Flow Control • What is flow control • Types of flow control • Access Control • What is access control • Types of access control • Ethernet – IEEE 802.3 • Evolution of Ethernet • Frame Format of Ethernet • Access Control for Ethernet • Performance Evaluation of Ethernet • WLAN – IEEE 802.11 • Architecture • Bluetooth • WIFI • Zigbee • 6LowPan • Network Layer Services • IPv4 • Packet switching • Network Layer Protocols Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 3. Training Contents • Whatis an IP? • Need for an IP? • Representation of an IP • Classes of an IP Address • Sub netting and its types Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 4. Introduction to IPAddress • An IP address is a 32-bit address that identifies a connection to the Internet. • The IP addresses are universally unique. • The address space of IPv4 is 2^32 or 4,294,967,296. Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 5. Need for IPAddress Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 6. Without IP Address..?? Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULAfor Lecture Videos
- 7. How IP ‘sare used for Identification? Network Host Process Network Host Process www.google.com INDIA CALIFORNIA Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 8. Few Organized NumberingSystems +91 - 9790410977 COUNTRY CODE ACCESS CODE SERVICE PROVIDER CODE SUBSCRIBER NUMBER 1116 – 15 – 106 – 003 111615106003 Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 9. Representation of IPAddress Binary Representation Dotted Decimal Representation Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 10. IP Address Space •Initially 8 bits were allotted for Network ID and remaining 24 bits were allotted for Host ID • 8 bits → 28 Networks → 256 Networks • 24 bits → 224 Hosts Per Network → 16Million hosts per network • NOT SCALABLE Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 11. Class Full Addressing 1X11X 111XX 1 1 . . . 0 0 . . . 231 231 232 address 231 address 10 10 . . . 11 11 . . . 230 230 230 address 229 address 110 110 . . . 111 111 . . . 229 229 1110 1110 . . . 1111 1111 . . . 228 228 CA CB CC CD CE 00000000 →0 01111111 →127 10000000 →128 10111111 →191 11000000 →192 11011111 →223 11100000 →224 11101111 →239 11110000 →240 11111111 →255Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 12. Finding Class ofa Given IP Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 13. NID and HIDOrganization Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 14. Ok.. Now it’syour Time • How many Network ID’s and Host ID’s are present in each classes ??? Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 15. Summary of allclasses Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 16. Blocks in Class A Visitwww.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 17. Blocks in Class B Visitwww.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 18. Blocks in Class C Visitwww.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 19. Simple Exercise Given thenetwork address 17.0.0.0, find the class, the block, and the range of the addresses. • Solution: • Class A because first byte lies between 0 – 127 • Net ID is 17.0.0.0 so address block ranges from (17.0.0.0 to 17.255.255.255) Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 20. Simple Exercise • Giventhe network address 132.21.0.0, find the class, the block, and the range of the addresses. • Solution: • The class is B because the first byte is between 128 and 191. • The addresses range from 132.21.0.0 to 132.21.255.255 Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 21. Simple Exercise • Giventhe network address 220.34.76.0, find the class, the block, and the range of the addresses. • Solution: • The class is C because the first byte is between 192 and 223 • The addresses range from 220.34.76.0 to 220.34.76.255. Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 22. Not all IPAddress are usable… • Network ID or Net ID – First IP of address block • Broad cast Address – Last IP of address block • Types of broadcast • Limited Broadcast • Directed Broadcast 11.0.0.0 LBA: 255.255.255.255 11.0.0.0 20.0.0.0 DBA: 20.255.255.255
- 23. Try to fillthe Table IP Address Network ID Directed Broadcast ID Limited Broadcast ID 1.2.3.4 1.0.0.0 1.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.15.20.60 10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 130.1.2.3 130.1.0.0 130.1.255.255 255.255.255.255 150.0.150.150 150.0.0.0 150.0.255.255 255.255.255.255 200.1.10.100 200.1.10.0 200.1.10.255 255.255.255.255 220.15.1.10 220.15.1.0 220.15.1.255 255.255.255.255 250.0.1.2 NOT POSSIBLE NOT POSSIBLE NOT POSSIBLE 300.1.2.3 INCORRECT IP ADDRESS Visit www.youtube.com/GURUKULA for Lecture Videos
- 24. References: • Behrouz A.Forouzan, ―Data communication and Networking, Fifth Edition, Tata McGraw – Hill, 2013 • Larry L. Peterson, Bruce S. Davie, ―Computer Networks: A Systems Approach, Fifth Edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2011. • Few online References (Will be Mentioned in the description Section) Thank You…