786 greek architecture finall

 MUHAMMAD AWAIS 18AR14
 QASIM AFZAL 18AR19
 MUHAMMAD MUAZ 18AR23
 TAJAMMAL 18AR41
 ZUNAIR MAQBOOL 18AR42
 BASIT ALI 18AR44
GROUP MEMBERS

GREEK PERIOD
 Greek Architecture covers the period from the establishment of the Greek
Architecture in 1200 BC to about the 7th century AD.

 Architecture of the Civilization.
 Greek Orders.
 Temples etc.

Architecture Of The Civilization
Temples.
Symmetrical Planning.
Open Air Theatre.
Walls.
Openings.
Roofs.
Mouldings.

Difference Between Colum and Order
Colum:
“A Vertical Member Consisting of a Base, Shaft and
Capital is called Colum”
Order:
“Columns Designed by Greek is called Order”

GREEK ORDERS
 Doric Order
 Ionic Order
 Corinthian Order

What Is The Doric Order?
The Doric Order of Greek architecture was the first style
of stone temple architecture in ancient Greece. The Doric
Order was the first style of Classical Architecture, which
is the sophisticated architectural styles of ancient Greece
and Rome that set the standards for beauty, harmony, and
strength for European architecture. Doric Order is
recognizable by two basic features the columns and the
entablature.

Doric Order
 Simplest Capital.
 Western Greece.
 Most Used in Greece.
 Without Base.
 20 Flutes.
 Height/ Dia 4 to 8 Times.
Doric Columns

What Is The Ionic Order?
The Ionic order is one of the three orders of classical
architecture, alongside the Doric and Corinthian orders.
Classical architecture refers to the architecture styles of
ancient Greece and
Rome, which set the standards for architecture in the
Western world. These ancient civilizations defined what
we consider to be architectural beauty.

Ionic Order
Volute in Capital.
Eastern.
Base.
24 Flutes.
Height/ Dia 9 Times.

What Is The Corinthian Order?
The ancient Greeks built many temples and other structures
using creative ideas related to architecture we still use
today. Among those ideas are columns on structures with
several different styles of capitals or decorative tops.
In the Greek Corinthian order, the columns were thin
and fluted, meaning they had a series of vertical lines cut
into the surface. The style tended to be slender and
elegant. The most striking element of the Corinthian order
was its very decorative capital with a design of scrolls and
unfurled acanthus leaves.

Corinthian Order
Most Fancies.
Greece.
Less used.
Base.
24 Flutes.
Height/ Dia More than 9 Times.

Greek Temples
 Parthenon Temple.
 Valley of the Temples.
 Temple of Hephaestus.
 Paestum.
 Doric Temple of Segesta.
 Temple of Apollo Epicurus.
 Erechthum.
 Temple of Zeus at Cyrene.
 Temple of Poseidon at Sounion.
 Temple of Olympian Zeus.

Parthenon Temple
The Parthenon on top of the
Acropolis is one of the most
popular tourist attractions in
Greece and a visit to Athens
is not complete without
visiting this temple. The
construction of the Parthenon
started in in 447 BC,
replacing and older temple
that was destroyed by the
Persians, and completed in
432 BC.

Valley of the
Temple
Located on a ridge outside the
city of Agrigento, Sicily lie the
remains of seven Greek
temples called the Valley of the
Temples. The Temple of
Concordia, built in the 5th
century BC, is the best
preserved in the Valley and is
one of the largest and best
preserved Doric style temples
still standing.

Temple of
Hephaestus
Located about 500 meters
north-west of the famous
Acropolis, The Temple of
Hephaestus is the best-
preserved Greek temple in the
world, although it is far less
known than its The Temple of
Hephaestus was designed by
Ictinus, one of the architects
who also worked on the
Parthenon. illustrious neighbor.

Paestum
Paestum is an ancient Greco-
Roman city in southern Italy, not
far from the beach. The side
boasts three well preserved Greek
temples. The oldest temple in
Paestum is the Temple of Hera,
built around 550 BC by Greek
colonists. The nearby temple was
built about a century later and
was also dedicated to Hera, the
goddess of marriage and
childbirth. Further away stand the
Temple of Athena built in about
500 BC.

Doric Temple of
Segesta
Located in the northwestern
part of Sicily, Segesta was
one of the major cities of the
Elymian people, one of the
three indigenous peoples of
Sicily. The population of
Segesta was mixed Elymian
and Greek, though the
Elymians soon Hellenized
and took on external
characteristics of Greek life.

Temple of Apollo
Epicurius
Located on a remote
mountainside in the
Peloponnese, the Temple of
Apollo Epicurius at Basses is a
well-preserved and unusual
Greek temple. It was built
somewhere between 450 and 400
BC. The temple is aligned north-
south, in contrast to the majority
of Greek temples which are
aligned east-west. The temple is
unusual in that it has examples of
all three of the classical orders
used in ancient Greek
architecture.

Erechthum
The Erechthum is an ancient
Greek temple of Ionic style on
the north side of the Acropolis
of Athens. The temple as seen
today was built between 421
and 407 BC. The name, of
popular origin, is derived from
a shrine dedicated to the Greek
hero Erichthonius. The temple
is probably most famous for
its distinctive porch supported
by six female figures known
as the Caryatids.

Temple of Zeus at
Cyrene
Cyrene was the most important
of the five Greek colonies in
present-day Libya. High up from
the rest of the city, lies the
Temple of Zeus, dating back to
the 5th century BC. It was
destroyed during a Jewish
rebellion in 115 AD, and was
restored 5 years later by the
Romans on order of Emperor
Hadrian. This temple is larger
than the Parthenon, a reflection
of the wealth and importance of
Cyrene in the ancient Greek
world.

Temple of Poseidon
at Sounion
Located at the
southernmost tip of the
Attica peninsula in Greece,
the Temple of Poseidon at
Sounion is surrounded on
three sides by the sea. It
was constructed in approx.
440 BC, over the ruins of a
temple dating from the
Archaic Period.

Temple of Olympian
Zeus
Though only a few columns
remain of the Temple of
Olympia Zeus in Athens it does
not take much imagination to
realize that this was one gigantic
temple. Construction began in
the 6th century BC during the
rule of the Athenian tyrants,
who envisaged building the
greatest temple in the ancient
world, but it was not completed
until the reign of the Roman
Emperor Hadrian in the 2nd
century AD some 638 years
after the project had begun.

REFERENCES
Flood, L. Retrieved October 20, 2005, from Vroma, Pope, C., Jahnige, J., &
Thompson, R. (2004).Greek Forum (chap.):
http://www.vroma.org/~forum/forum.html
Mathews, K., & Artifice, Inc. (2005). Great Buildings. In Great Buildings
(chap.). Retrieved October 15, 2005, from Great Buildings:
http://www.GreatBuildings.com/types/styles/greek.html
Neelin, D. (2005). Timeline: Ancient Greek (chap.). Retrieved October 10,
2005, http://www.exovedate.com/ancient_timeline_one.html
Andrus, K., & University of Colorado. (2000, January). Greek Art and
Architecture (chap.). Retrieved November 9, 2006, from Harpy:
http://harpy.uccs.edu/greek/html/greek.html
D'jordjevic, G. (2005). Ancient Greek Architecture. Retrieved , 2005, from
geocities:
http://www.geocities.com/SoHo/Workshop/5220/ancient/greek.html

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