A Refrence Architecture for loT Enabled Smart Cities- Smart Cities Summit 2018 - Algiers
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This document summarizes a reference architecture for IoT-enabled smart cities supported by the open source FIWARE platform. The FIWARE platform provides common data models, interfaces and services to manage heterogeneous IoT devices and technologies. It includes components for data acquisition, processing, analytics and visualization. Key components are the Context Broker for managing context data and the Short Term Historic component for storing historical context information. The architecture also describes southbound integration with IoT devices using IoT Agents and complex event processing using Perseo.
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Complex Event Processing (CEP)
11Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria 11Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria
Context Producers Context
Consumerssubscriptions
update NGSI10
notifyContext
NGSI10
update NGSI10
update NGSI10
DB
TCP/1026
Orion
Context
Broker
subscribeContext
NGSI10
Perseo (wrapper for Esper)
Esper – (Java library that contains the rules
engine and event processing logic)
DB
HTTP
SMS
Email
Twitter
Match
Action
Action
Action
Action
Anatomy of a rule (EPL)
Rules
{
"name":"blood_rule_update",
"text":"select *,"blood_rule_update" as ruleName, *, ev.BloodPressure? as Pressure, ev.id? as Meter from pattern [every v=iotEvent(cast(cast(BloodPressure?,String),float)>1.5 and type="BloodMeter")]",
"action": {
"type":"update",
"parameters":{ "name":"abnormal", "value":"true", "type":"boolean" }
}
}
API for managing rules
Promoted by Telefonica](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/streamb-pedrofazenda-180807111853/85/A-Refrence-Architecture-for-loT-Enabled-Smart-Cities-Smart-Cities-Summit-2018-Algiers-11-320.jpg)
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010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101
Data Models
15Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria
Civic Issue Tracking ParkingStreet Lighting WeatherPoint of Interest
AlertsParks & GardensTransportationIndicators EnvironmentWaste Management
{
"id": "Alert:1",
"type": "Alert",
"category": "traffic",
"subCategory": "trafficJam",
"severity": "high",
"location": {
"type": "Point",
"coordinates": [
-3.712247222222222,
40.423852777777775
]
},
"dateObserved": "2017-01-02T09:25:55.00Z",
"description": "The road is completely blocked for 3kms",
"alertSource":https://account.lab.fiware.org/users/8
}
{
"id": "Vitoria-NoiseLevelObserved",
"type": "NoiseLevelObserved",
"location": {
"type": "Point",
"coordinates": [-2.6980, 42.8491]
},
"dateObserved": "2016-12-28T11:00:00/2016-12-28T12:00:00",
"measurand": [
"LAeq | 67.8 | A-weighted, equivalent, sound level",
"LAmax | 94.5 | A-weighted, maximum, sound level",
],
"LAeq": 67.8,
"LAmax": 94.5,
"sonometerClass": "2"
}
Example 2: Noise Level ObservedExample 1: Traffic Jam Alert](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/streamb-pedrofazenda-180807111853/85/A-Refrence-Architecture-for-loT-Enabled-Smart-Cities-Smart-Cities-Summit-2018-Algiers-15-320.jpg)
A Refrence Architecture for loT Enabled Smart Cities- Smart Cities Summit 2018 - Algiers
- 1. A Reference Architecture for IoT Enabled Smart Cities Supported by the FIWARE Open Source Platform Pedro Fazenda, PhD [email protected]
- 2. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 ICT Role for Smart Cites Enable the creation of a common digital single market for IoT-enabled urban services Cover security aspects related to data management, IoT infrastructure and platform services Provide common data models and interfaces (context management, security, marketplace, IoT, etc.) Manage the heterogeneity of different devices, technologies and standards Key Categories for Smart Sustainable Cities 2Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Quality of Life and LifestyleInfrastructure and Services People, Citizen and Society Environment & Sustainability Environment & Sustainability Governance, Management and AdministrationEconomy and Finance ICT, Communications, Intelligence and Informations Energy Mobility
- 3. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Platform components are supported by widely adopted open source technologies Interfaces with the Internet of Things (IoT) , robotics and third-party systems Includes context data/API management, publication and monetization Performs the processing, analysis and visualization of context information The FIWARE Open Source Platform 3Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Source: FIWARE (Website) Industry 4.0 Smart Agrifood Smart Cities
- 4. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 FIWARE Overall Architecture 4Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Source: FIWARE Slides / Synchronicity Deliverable D2.1 Large-scale IoT and Smart City platforms are composed of diverse devices and funcionalities in different layers. Logical Layers Infrastructure Data Acquistion and Actuation Data Processing, Analytics & Visualization Economy of the Data Context Broker
- 6. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Context Broker 6Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Source: Adapted from FIWARE Context Information Context Information is based in an entity-attribute model { "id": "Room1", "type": "Room", "temperature": { "value": 23, "type": "Float" }, “pressure": { "value": 720, "type": "Integer" } } Attributes • Name • Type • Value Entity • EntityId • EntityType 1 n “has” Offers developers an open API: FIWARE Next Generation Service Interfaces (NGSI) • Publish • Consume • Subscribe
- 7. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Context Broker 7Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Source: Adapted from Context-aware application development with FIWARE, Fermín Galán Márquez Context Producers Context Consumers subscriptions update NGSI10 query notify notify update NGSI10 update NGSI10 DB TCP/1026 TCP/1026 Orion Context Broker Functions for context availability management and context management regiterContext discoverContextAvailability subscribeContextAvailability contextAvailabilitySusbscription unsubscribeContextAvailability NGSI10 updateContext queryContext subscribeContext updateContextSubscription unsubscribeContextSubscription NGSI9
- 8. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 8Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Connector Framework (Cygnus) Cygnus-NGSI (Flume injector) Source: Martínez Et al., A Testbed to Evaluate the FIWARE-Based IoT Platform in the Domain of Precision Agriculture, Sensors, 2016. Context Producers Context Consumers subscriptions update NGSI10 notifyContext NGSI10 update NGSI10 update NGSI10 DB TCP/1026 Orion Context Broker subscribeContext NGSI10 HTTP Source Memory Channel TCP/5050 Orion HDFS Sink Flume Event Flume Event WebHDFS/HTTPFS TCP/14000 Big Data Analysis (Cosmos) Global Instance Hive Client Queries TCP/10000 A Generic Enabler to persist data in third-party storages, creating a historical view of such data HDFS, the Hadoop distributed file system. MySQL, the well-known relational database manager. CKAN, an Open Data platform. MongoDB, the NoSQL document-oriented database. STH Comet, a Short-Term Historic database built on top of MongoDB. Kafka, the publish-subscribe messaging broker. DynamoDB, a cloud-based NoSQL database by Amazon Web Services. PostgreSQL, the well-known relational database manager. Carto, the database specialized in geolocated data. Supported third-party storages
- 9. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 9Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Short Term Historic (STH) Context Producers Context Consumers subscriptions update NGSI10 notifyContext NGSI10 update NGSI10 update NGSI10 DB TCP/1026 Orion Context Broker subscribeContext NGSI10 query (raw & aggregated) A Generic Enabler to store historical raw and aggregated time series context information The STH component exposes an HTTP REST API to let external clients query the available historical raw context information
- 10. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Southbound Integration 10Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria The Backend Device Management GE (IDAS) Source: FIWARE-IOT-Stack Documentation Southbound integration is managed through a library of connectors named IoT Agents Multiple protocols are supported: • HTTP • MQTT • LWM2M • SigFox • LoRa Different represntation formats of IoT data: • Ultralight 2.0 • JSON
- 11. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Complex Event Processing (CEP) 11Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria 11Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Context Producers Context Consumerssubscriptions update NGSI10 notifyContext NGSI10 update NGSI10 update NGSI10 DB TCP/1026 Orion Context Broker subscribeContext NGSI10 Perseo (wrapper for Esper) Esper – (Java library that contains the rules engine and event processing logic) DB HTTP SMS Email Twitter Match Action Action Action Action Anatomy of a rule (EPL) Rules { "name":"blood_rule_update", "text":"select *,"blood_rule_update" as ruleName, *, ev.BloodPressure? as Pressure, ev.id? as Meter from pattern [every v=iotEvent(cast(cast(BloodPressure?,String),float)>1.5 and type="BloodMeter")]", "action": { "type":"update", "parameters":{ "name":"abnormal", "value":"true", "type":"boolean" } } } API for managing rules Promoted by Telefonica
- 12. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Complex Event Processing (CEP) 12Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria 12Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Context Producers Context Consumers subscriptions update NGSI10 notifyContext NGSI10 update NGSI10 update NGSI10 DB TCP/1026 Orion Context Broker subscribeContext NGSI10 Event Producers Event Consumers EPA EPA EPA EPA EPA EC EC EC EC Proactive Technology Online (Proton) EPA – Event Processing Agent EC- Event Channnel Event Processing Networks FILE REST Custom REST API Proton Development Web User Interface (Authoring Tool) Promoted by FIWARE Proton projects definition files
- 13. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 An Open Source Software WebRTC media server (An implementation of the FIWARE Stream Oriented Generic Enabler) Media Streams 13Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Source: FIWARE Documentation Media Pipeline Camera Crowd Detector Crowd Events Smart City Applications ü Crowd Detection ü Car Plate Recognition ü Intrusion Detection ü Traffic Control ü etc.
- 14. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 IDM & Authorization 14 Attribute-based Access Control (ABAC) Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Source: Adapted from FIWARE Access to networks, services and applications Authorization is controlled by a Policy decision point (PDP) Secure access by authenticated and authorized users is granted through a HTTP proxy, which acts as a Policy Enforcement Point (PEP)
- 15. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Data Models 15Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Civic Issue Tracking ParkingStreet Lighting WeatherPoint of Interest AlertsParks & GardensTransportationIndicators EnvironmentWaste Management { "id": "Alert:1", "type": "Alert", "category": "traffic", "subCategory": "trafficJam", "severity": "high", "location": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [ -3.712247222222222, 40.423852777777775 ] }, "dateObserved": "2017-01-02T09:25:55.00Z", "description": "The road is completely blocked for 3kms", "alertSource":https://account.lab.fiware.org/users/8 } { "id": "Vitoria-NoiseLevelObserved", "type": "NoiseLevelObserved", "location": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [-2.6980, 42.8491] }, "dateObserved": "2016-12-28T11:00:00/2016-12-28T12:00:00", "measurand": [ "LAeq | 67.8 | A-weighted, equivalent, sound level", "LAmax | 94.5 | A-weighted, maximum, sound level", ], "LAeq": 67.8, "LAmax": 94.5, "sonometerClass": "2" } Example 2: Noise Level ObservedExample 1: Traffic Jam Alert
- 16. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Data Models & Federation 16Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria { "id": "urn:oc:entity:aarhus:traffic:fixed:BT338", "type": "urn:oc:entityType:iotdevice:traffic", "TimeInstant": { "type": "urn:oc:attributeType:ISO8601", "value": "2017-07-25T13:35:00.000Z", }, "location": { "type": "geo:point", "value": "56.1102508220387, 10.153714822090137", }, "origin": { "type": "urn:oc:attributeType:origin", "value": "Traffic flow data from ODAA", }, "speed:average": { "type": "urn:oc:attributeType:speed:average", "value": "69", } } Organicity Data Asset Example A service for experimentation that explores how citizens, businesses and city authorities can work together to create digital solutions to urban challenges.
- 17. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 CKAN 17 Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network • A web-based open source management system for the storage and distribution of open data (Standard for data publication in Europe) • Developed by the Open Knowledge Foundation Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria Context Producers update NGSI10 update NGSI10 update NGSI10 TCP/1026 Orion Context Broker Big Data Analysis
- 18. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Business Ecosystem/Marketplace 18Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria FIWARE CKAN Extensions Real time context information can be published in CKAN as Context Broker queries (for instance, noise levels in Lisbon, etc.) Source: FIWARE Documentation The Business API Ecosystem includes support for: • Management of catalogs, products, and offering • Rich pricing models, including recurring payments, pay-per-use, etc. • Accounting callbacks • Billing and charging • PayPal, including customer charges and seller payments • Revenue sharing, including models with multiple stakeholders involved
- 19. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Deploying the Application Stack 19 docker-compose.yml Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria mongodb: image: fiware/tutorials.tourguide-app.restaurant-data:20161011 hostname: mongodb container_name: mongodb expose: - "27017" command: --smallfiles orion: image: fiware/orion:latest hostname: orion container_name: orion links: - mongodb expose: - "1026" ports: - "1026:1026" command: -dbhost mongodb authzforce: image: fiware/authzforce-ce-server:release-5.4.0b hostname: authzforce container_name: authzforce expose: - "8080“ ... keyrock: image: fiware/idm:v5.3.0 hostname: keyrock container_name: keyrock links: - authzforce expose: - "5000" - "8000" ports: - "5000:5000" - "8000:8000" idas: image: fiware/iotagent-ul:develop hostname: idas container_name: idas links: - mongodb:mongo - orion expose: - "7896" - "4041" ports: - "7896:7896" - "4041:4041“ ...
- 20. 010001101101010101010001101111001010101010010010001011100111000110100111000101001010101010101010101010101010101010100101011011010101001010010111100010101010101001001001110101010 010101010101000101010010100101010101001010101010101010100101010010101001010011101010101001010101010010101010100101010101010010010110101010010100101111000101010101010010010011101 Organicity Lisbon 20Smart Cities Global Technology and Investment Summit, Algeria www.ocportugal.com • Model static and dynamic data (federated with Organicity) • Model several city statistics (for each location) Partners ISEL ETConcept Perfect Orange Milacessos StudioMapp LeTTLabs Grupo desportivo Castelo Colectivo Warehouse