A review of different Literary Readings (perspectives)
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This document provides an overview of different literary perspectives and frameworks for analyzing literature, including Marxist, feminist, and capitalist lenses. It discusses how literature reflects the ideas and power structures of its culture. It also examines the key concepts of different economic systems like capitalism and socialism, and how they relate to literary analysis through perspectives like Marxist criticism which focuses on social class struggles. Feminist criticism examines the portrayal of women and challenges patriarchal assumptions.
![The Socialists:
Utopians & Marxists
People as a society would operate and own the
means of production, not individuals.
Their goal was a society that benefited
everyone, not just a rich, well-connected few.
Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/areviewofdifferentliterary-150225194446-conversion-gate01/85/A-review-of-different-Literary-Readings-perspectives-13-320.jpg)
A review of different Literary Readings (perspectives)
- 1. A review of different literary “readings” or perspectives … (points-of-view) The basics for Advanced English critical analysis
- 2. Points to consider • Literature expresses the ideas, beliefs and values of a culture • Literature of any significance actively engages in controversy or argument • Literature reveals power struggles (sexual power, economic power, social power, and so on) and how this operates and with what consequences
- 3. Points to consider • Literature reveals how the author, reader, and characters demonstrate an awareness or lack of awareness of their economic and social situations and what oppresses them • Literature and authors can manipulate readers into sympathizing with rather than critiquing the dominant (and oppressive) social order.
- 6. What is Capitalism? A)“..An economic system in which money is invested in business ventures with the goal of making a profit”
- 7. •B) Role of market competition and entrepreneurial abilities •C) Principles of laissez faire “let people do as they please” (to make money… raises questions of ethics and morality)
- 8. • Capitalism and market competition fueled the Industrial Revolution • Wealth increased the standard of living for some.
- 9. Capitalism and its Impacts A) The Wealth of Nations Adam Smith-defended free economy, claimed that government need not interfere in the economy. B)Role of market competition and entrepreneurial abilities
- 10. C) Impact on standard of living and the growth of the middle class D) Dissatisfaction with poor working conditions and the unequal distribution of wealth in society
- 12. Marxism and Socialism • Response to the injustices of capitalism • Importance of redistribution of wealth to the communists
- 13. The Socialists: Utopians & Marxists People as a society would operate and own the means of production, not individuals. Their goal was a society that benefited everyone, not just a rich, well-connected few. Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].
- 14. Socialism •Means of production are owned by the public and operate by a single party for the welfare of all. •Grew out of optimistic view of human nature and response to capitalism
- 15. Communism •A form of complete socialism in which the means of production— all land, mines, factories, railroads, and businesses—would be owned by all people.
- 16. Key Ideas of a Marxist perspective • What we think of as world view is actually the product of the dominant class • Marxism generally focuses on the clash between the dominant and repressed classes
- 17. Feminist literary criticism Feminist Reading of literature
- 18. What is it? A concern with: • Women's’ role in society as portrayed through texts • Woman as a construct through literature
- 19. What feminist perspectives do? • Rediscover texts written by women • Revalue women’s experience • Examine representations of women in literature • Challenge the view of woman as “Other” • Examine and challenge patriarchal roles • Examine language as a tool of gender construction • Discuss social versus biological difference • Question the “death of the author”
- 20. Feminist terminology • Patriarchy – in a society the male is the centre of authority ▫ This is what is meant by a patriarchal society • Hegemony – leadership; predominance. ▫ A hegemony is a dominant group or a system that creates the rules we live by • Gender – term used when distinguishing male and female in a variety of disciplines