A World of Regions - The Contemporary World
- 1. A WORLD OF REGIONS THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
- 2. Add a Footer Governments, associations, societies and groups form regional organizations and/or network as a way of coping with the challenges of globalizations. 2
- 3. REGIONALISM • It is examined in relation to identities, ethics, religion, ecological sustainability and health. • It is a process and must be treated as an “emergent, socially constituted phenomenon.” • Regions are not natural or given rather, they are constructed and defined by the policymakers, economic actors and even social movements. Add a Footer 3
- 4. • regional concentration of economic flows” • It is the process of dividing the area into smaller segments called regions. Example: Division of Nation into states or provinces REGIONALIS M • Political process characterized by economic policy cooperation and coordination among countries. Add a Footer 4
- 5. REGIONALIS M • Edward D. Mansfield and Helen V. Milner • The economic and political definitions of regions vary. Add a Footer 5 Regions • are “a group of countries located in the geographically specified area” or “an amalgamation of two regions or a combination of more than two regions” organized to regulate and “oversee flows and policy choices.”
- 6. Add a Footer Economic and political respond of Countries to Globalization 6
- 7. 2. Other countries make up for their small size by taking advantage of their strategic location. • Countries form regional alliance - for as the saying – there is a strength in numbers’ 1. Some are large enough and have a lot of resources to dictate how they participate in process of global integration. • Example: China Add a Footer 7
- 8. REASONS OF FORMING REGIONAL ASSOCIATIONS 1. Military Defense North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) • Formed during the Cold War when several Western European countries plus the United states agreed to protect Europe against the threat of the Soviet Union. Add a Footer 8
- 9. WARSAW PACT• a regional alliance created by Soviet Union • Soviet Union imploded in December 1991 but NATO remains in place. Add a Footer 9
- 10. Add a Footer 2. Pooltheir resources, get better return for their exports and expandtheir leverage against trading partners. 10
- 11. Add a Footer Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) • It was established in 1960 by Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. • It aims to regulate the production and sale of oil. • OPEC’s success convinced 9 other oil-producing countries to join it. 11
- 12. Add a Footer 3. Protect their independence from the pressure of superpower politics. 12
- 13. Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) • Created by Egypt, Ghana, India, Indonesia and Yugoslavia in 1961 to pursue world peace and international cooperation, human rights, national sovereignty, racial and national equality, non Intervention and peaceful conflict resolution. • Because the association refused to side with either first world countries capitalist democracies in Western Europe and North America or communist states in Easter Europe. • With 120 member countries. Add a Footer 13
- 14. Add a Footer 4. EconomicCrisiscompels countries to cometogether 14
- 15. Add a Footer Example: • The Thai economy collapsed in 1996 after the foreign currency speculators and troubled international banks demanded that the Thai government pay back its loans. • It made ASEAN more “unified and coordinated” 15