Acem basic network concepts

Acem basic network concepts

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  Department of ComputerScience & Engineering (July – Dec 2020) 9/19/2020 1
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  Introduction to Networks •A network consists of two or more entities or objects sharing resources and information. • A computer network consists of two or more computing devices connected to each other to share resources and information. • The network becomes a powerful tool when computers communicate and share resources with other computers on the same network or entirely distinct networks. 9/19/2020 2
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  Need for Networks •A computer that operates independently from other computers is called a stand- alone computer. • The process of printing or transferring data from one system to another using various storage devices is called sneakernet. 9/19/2020 3
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  Enhance Communication • Computernetworks use electronic mail (e- mail) as the choice for most of the communication. • By using networks, information can be sent to a larger audience in an extremely fast and efficient manner. 9/19/2020 4
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  Share Resources • Acopy of data or application stored at a single central location is shared over a network. • Computer peripheral devices, referred to as additional components, can be attached to a computer and be shared in a network. • Example: faxes, modem and scanner9/19/2020 5
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  Facilitate Centralized Management • Networksare used to assist in management tasks associated with their own operation and maintenance. • Using networks results in increased efficiency and a resultant reduction in maintenance costs. 9/19/2020 6
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  Classification by Network Geography •Networks are frequently classified according to the geographical boundaries spanned by the network itself. • LAN, WAN, and MAN are the basic types of classification, of which LAN and WAN are frequently used. 9/19/2020 7
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  Local area network(LAN): – A LAN covers a relatively small area such as a classroom, school, or a single building. – LANs are inexpensive to install and also provide higher speeds. Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 8
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  Local area network Classificationby Network Geography 9/19/2020 9
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  Metropolitan area network(MAN): – A MAN spans the distance of a typical metropolitan city. – The cost of installation and operation is higher. – MANs use high-speed connections such as fiber optics to achieve higher speeds. Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 10
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  Metropolitan area network Classificationby Network Geography 9/19/2020 11
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  Wide area network(WAN): – WANs span a larger area than a single city. – These use long distance telecommunication networks for connection, thereby increasing the cost. – The Internet is a good example of a WAN. Classification by Network Geography 9/19/2020 12
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  Wide area network Classificationby Network Geography 9/19/2020 13
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  Classification by Component Roles Peer-to-peer: –In a peer-to-peer network, all computers are considered equal. – Each computer controls its own information and is capable of functioning as either a client or a server depending upon the requirement. – Peer-to-peer networks are inexpensive and easy to install. – They are popular as home networks and for use in small companies. 9/19/2020 14
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  Classification by Component Roles Peer-to-peernetwork 9/19/2020 15
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  Classification by Component Roles Server-based: –A server-based network offers centralized control and is designed for secure operations. – In a server-based network, a dedicated server controls the network. A dedicated server is one that services the network by storing data, applications, resources, and also provides access to resources required by the client. – These servers can also control the network’s security from one centralized location or share it with other specially configured servers 9/19/2020 16
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  Classification by Component Roles Client-based: –Client-based network servers process requests from clients and return just the results. – These networks take advantage of the powerful processing capabilities of both the client and the server. – Application servers and communications servers are examples of client-based networks. 9/19/2020 17
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  • 9/19/2020 18 Aravali Collegeof Engineering And Management Jasana, Tigoan Road, Neharpar, Faridabad, Delhi NCR Toll Free Number : 91- 8527538785 Website : www.acem.edu.in