Apple’s facetime protocol
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Facetime uses common video and audio standards like H264, AAC, SIP, RTP, and SRTP to enable encrypted 2-way video chat between Apple devices over Wi-Fi. While it uses open standards for negotiation and media streaming, the initial registration and call setup uses Apple's proprietary methods through the Apple Push Notification Server in a closed system. Common protocols like SIP, STUN, TURN, and ICE are employed to handle call signaling, firewall traversal, and finding optimal routes for real-time media transmission.
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Apple’s facetime protocol
- 1. The Technology BehindApple’s FaceTime Protocol
- 2. FacetimeFacetime is a2-way video chat service for iPhone 4, iPod touch, iPad 2 and OSX Mac client.Wi-Fi only support.Closed services built on Open Standards.
- 3. Facetime CallCall initiationrequires no ‘registration’.Facetime registers phone numbers to the phones via apple proprietary methods (non-sip, fully encrypted)Call start using Apple Push Notification Server.SIP used for negotiation and call setup, HTTP and TLS for authentication.RTP and H264&AAC used for media streaming.
- 4. H264 -Most common video standard todayAVC (advanced video coding)SVC (scalable video coding)
- 5. AAC- Advanced AudioCoding standardWidely used today in audio and video communications, has established interoperability. Commonly used by Apple’s devices.
- 6. SIPSession Initiation Protocolde-factostandard of IP Communications solutions +Voice and videoUsed by majority of video conferencing vendors: Cisco, Tandberg, Polycom, RADVISION and more. One of the core standards in 3GPP IMS
- 7. STUN, TURN andICEUsed together to support Firewall and NAT traversal functionalitySTUN- allows to map internal IP addressed behind the NAT to the external IP addressesTURN- used in rare cases where STUN doesn’t provide a solutionICE- umbrella standard utilizing STUN, TURN, uPnP in order to find ways to transfer the NAT and Firewall.
- 8. RTPReal-time Transport Protocol:Voiceand Video over IP implementations carrying over real-time media and collecting of the statisticsJitter+latency, which allows to implement better quality solutions. Used by absolute majority IP voice and video vendors.
- 9. SRTPSecure RTPprofile forsecure RTP communicationEncryptionMessage authenticationIntegrityUsed in both IP Video and Voice implementations