The document discusses several targeted malware attacks and surveillance techniques. It describes malware programs like FinFisher, DarkComet RAT, and Hacking Team's RCS that are used to monitor devices, steal files and communications, and enable remote control. It also mentions vulnerabilities exploited in Microsoft Word and Adobe Reader to install malware. Targets discussed include Uyghurs, Tibetans, and activists. Sources cited include CitizenLab.org, Kaspersky, and Symantec reports on commercial spyware vendors and their government clients.