Atoms
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This self-instructional material aims to teach students about atoms through a booklet. It will help students understand what atoms are and their components. After completing the material, students will be able to illustrate atoms, differentiate atomic components, and understand their arrangement. They will also learn about the importance of atoms in daily life. The material contains pre-tests and post-tests to assess student learning, as well as activities to reinforce key concepts about subatomic particles, isotopes, and atomic structure.
Atoms
- 1. ATOMS : ARE YOU IN? Mrs. Esmeralda D. Gamil Teacher 1 Imelda National High School Imelda, Zamboanga Sibugay SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL
- 2. METADATA COMPETENCY TITLE OF THE SIM TYPE (Card, Video,Presenta tion, Booklet, Chart, etc.) Grade Level Subject Area Brief Description Type Of Learners Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a particular atom. Atoms: Are you in? Booklet Grade 8 Science This self-Instructional Material aims to enhance knowledge of students about atoms. This will help the students to understand what really atoms is. After the end of this topic the students will be able to illustrate atoms, differentiate components of the atoms, how do these components arrange. And relate the importance of atoms to our daily life. Average, slow
- 3. What happened? PRETEST 1. What do you called of the positive charge of an atom a. neutron b. proton c. electron d. none of these 2. Who proposed the plum pudding model? a. J.J. Thomson b. Ernest Rutherford c. Ernest Marsden c. Wilhelm Geiger 3. Atoms are stable if it has : a. Equal number of protons and neutrons b. Equal number of neutrons and electrons c. Equal number of protons and electrons d. Unequal number of protons and electrons 4. How will you identified an isotopes? a. through its atomic number b. through its electronegativity c. through its ionization energy d. through its mass number 5. When an atom gain or lost electrons, what will happen to an atom? a. Become an ion b. Become an electron c. Become a proton d. Become a neutron 6. If an atom has 5 protons, how many electrons does this atom have? a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7
- 4. What happened? 7. Isotope Nitrogen-14 has 7 protons, how many are the electron and neutrons? a. 6 electrons and 6 neutrons c. 7 electrons and 7neutrons b. 7 electrons and 6 neutrons d. 5 electrons and 7 neutrons 8. Using the periodic table what element with an atomic number of 15? a. Carbon b. lithium c. sodium d. phosphorus 9. Among all the elements, which element has the smallest number of protons in its atom? a. Hydrogenb. Helium c. Carbon d. Lithium 10. The isotope Boron has 5 # of proton, does it has also 5 # of electrons ? (If the answer is no, give the correct answer) a. Yes b. No c. Yes
- 5. What happened? 11. The isotope Magnesium -24 has 24 # of electrons? How many are the protons? a. 20 b. 23 c. 25 d. 24 12. Among the elements sodium, Silver, Selenium, Potassium, hydrogen which of these has the highest atomic mass? a. Sodium b. Selenium c. Silver d. Hydrogen 13. Which statement below is correct? a. Fluorine has 10 neutrons and 9 protons b. Fluorine has 9 neutrons and 10 protons c. Fluorine has 9 neutrons and 9 protons d. Fluorine has 10 neutrons and 10 protons 14-15 .Write the correct shorthand notation of the element hydrogen and helium respectively.
- 6. TABLE OF SPECIFICATION TOPIC No. of Days Taught No. of Items Remembering Understanding Applying Analyzing Evaluating Creating Atoms: Are you in? 10 HRS. 15 1,2 3,4,5, 6,7,8 9,10,11 12,13 14,15
- 7. . What do you need to know? Atoms, of which all objects are made, are electrical in nature. Atoms contain particles with positive and negative charges. The proton carries a positive charge (+1). The electron carries a negative charge (-1). Atoms, in their most stable state are neutral with an equal number of protons and electrons. Objects are electrically neutral, or simply, neutral, but they carry electrical charges.
- 8. Subatomic particle (symbol) Charge Mass, grams Location in the Atom Electrons (e-) -1 9.109 x 10- 28 Outside nucleus Protons (p+) +1 1.672 x 10- 24 Nucleus Neutrons (n0) 0 1.675 x 10- 24 Nucleus Some properties of the three main subatomic particles Electrons are very much lighter than the protons and neutrons, to the point that its mass does not significantly contribute to the mass of the entire atom. In effect, the mass of the electron is negligible.the protons and neutrons are called nucleons. The nucleons, tightly packed together, form the nucleus in the center of the atom. What do you need to know?
- 9. Towards the 19th century, J.J. Thomson was able to discover that atoms have negatively-charged particles, which he called electrons. It led him to propose a new model for the atom, which he called the plum pudding model. A group of scientists composed of Ernest Rutherford, Johannes "Hans" Wilhelm Geiger and Ernest Marsden tested Thomson’s model by bombarding a very thin sheet of gold foil with positively-charged alpha particles. Their experiment is referred to as the alpha particle scattering experiment.The nuclear model by Rutherford. This model replaced the one proposed by Thomson and is the model that we hold to this time, with respect to the placement of the nucleus in the atom. What do you need to know?
- 10. Do you know that…….. What we do know, however, are the following: (1) The electron although it is negatively charged does not collapse into the positively charged nucleus; (2) There is attraction between the nucleus and the electron, evidence of which is that energy is required to remove an electron from the atom. All atoms of an element contain the same number of protons in their nuclei. This number is the element’s atomic number Atoms having the same number of protons but different number of neutrons are referred as isotopes. The isotopes are identified through their mass number which is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in an atom. A shorthand notation for isotope includes the element’s symbol and mass number, for instance, Ca-40.
- 11. What have you learned? Activity 1. Fill out the missing data on the table below Subatomic particle (symbol) Charge Mass, grams Location in the Atom Electrons (e-) 9.109 x 10-28 Outside nucleus Protons (p+) +1 Nucleus Neutrons (n0) 1.675 x 10-24 Activity1
- 12. Activity 2 Isotope Element Name # of p+ # of e- # of n0 Charge B-6 Boron 5 1 0 N-14 Nitrogen 7 0 Fluorine 9 10 -1 Neon 10 10 Mg-24 12 10 Al-27 +3 Si-28 14 S-32 0 K-35 +1 Complete the table below.
- 13. Post test 1. What do you called of the positive charge of an atom a. neutron b. proton c. electron d. none of these 2. Who proposed the plum pudding model? a. J.J. Thomson b. Ernest Rutherford c. Ernest Marsden c. Wilhelm Geiger 3. Atoms are stable if it has : a. Equal number of protons and neutrons b. Equal number of neutrons and electrons c. Equal number of protons and electrons d. Unequal number of protons and electrons 4. How will you identified an isotopes? a. through its atomic number b. through its electronegativity c. through its ionization energy d. through its mass number 5. When an atom gain or lost electrons, what will happen to an atom? a. Become an ion b. Become an electron c. Become a proton d. Become a neutron 6. If an atom has 5 protons, how many electrons does this atom have? a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7
- 14. 7. Isotope Nitrogen-14 has 7 protons, how many are the electron and neutrons? a. 6 electrons and 6 neutrons c. 7 electrons and 7neutrons b. 7 electrons and 6 neutrons d. 5 electrons and 7 neutrons 8. Using the periodic table what element with an atomic number of 15? a. Carbon b. lithium c. sodium d. phosphorus 9. Among all the elements, which element has the smallest number of protons in its atom? a. Hydrogenb. Helium c. Carbon d. Lithium 10. The isotope Boron has 5 # of proton, does it has also 5 # of electrons ? (If the answer is no, give the correct answer) a. Yes b. No c. Yes Post test
- 15. 11. The isotope Magnesium -24 has 24 # of electrons? How many are the protons? a. 20 b. 23 c. 25 d. 24 12. Among the elements sodium, Silver, Selenium, Potassium, hydrogen which of these has the highest atomic mass? a. Sodium b. Selenium c. Silver d. Hydrogen 13. Which statement below is correct? a. Fluorine has 10 neutrons and 9 protons b. Fluorine has 9 neutrons and 10 protons c. Fluorine has 9 neutrons and 9 protons d. Fluorine has 10 neutrons and 10 protons 14-15 .Write the correct shorthand notation of the element hydrogen and helium respectively. Post test
- 16. Answer Card 1.A 2. A 3.C 4. D 5.A 6.b. 7.c. 8.D 9. A 10.C 11.D 12.C 13.c 14. 1 H +! 15. 2 He-1 Subatomic particle (symbol) Charge Mass, grams Location in the Atom Electrons (e-) -1 9.109 x 10-28 Outside nucleus Protons (p+) +1 1.672 x 10-24 Nucleus Neutrons (n0) 0 1.675 x 10-24 Nucleus Isotope Element Name # of p+ # of e- # of n0 Charge B-6 Boron 5 1 0 N-14 Nitrogen 7 7 7 0 F-19 Fluorine 9 10 10 -1 Ne-20 Neon 10 10 10 0 Mg-24 Magnesium 12 10 12 +2 Al-27 Aluminum 13 10 14 +3 Si-28 Silicon 14 14 14 S-32 Sulfur 16 16 16 0 K-35 Potassium 19 18 16 +1 Pretest/Posttest Activity 1 Activity 2
- 17. Reference • BRADY, J.E., & SENESE, F. (2004). CHEMISTRY: MATTER AND ITS CHANGES (4TH ED.). RIVER STREET HOBOKEN, NJ: JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. • • BUCAT, R.B. (ED.). (1984). ELEMENTS OF CHEMISTRY: EARTH, AIR, FIRE AND WATER, VOL. 2. CANBERRA CITY, A.C.T., AUSTRALIA. • • ELVINS, C., JONES, D., LUKINS, N., MISKIN, J., ROSS, B., & SANDERS, R. (1990). CHEMISTRY ONE: MATERIALS, CHEMISTRY IN EVERYDAY LIFE. PORT MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA: HEINEMANN EDUCATIONAL AUSTRALIA. • • HILL, J.W. & KOLB, D.K. (1998). CHEMISTRY FOR CHANGING TIMES (8TH ED.).UPPER SADDLE RIVER, NJ: PRENTICE HALL. • • PHILIPPINES. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. (2004). CHEMISTRY: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TEXTBOOK FOR 3RD YEAR. (REVISED ED.). QUEZON CITY: AUTHOR. • • SILBERBERG, M.S. (2007). PRINCIPLES OF GENERAL CHEMISTRY. MCGRAW-HILL: NEW YORK • • • LINK • • INTERACTIVE SIMULATIONS. (N.D.). RETRIEVED FROM HTTP://PHET.COLORADO.EDU/