Atoms and elements.ppt.pptx
- 1. Matter ● Matter is: ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS And OCCUPIES SPACE.
- 2. Element ● An element is the simplest form of matter that can’t be broken down.
- 3. Atom ● Simplest piece an element can be
- 4. Are Atoms to Small to See? ● Power of tens
- 5. Molecule ● Two or more atoms bonded to each other N2=Nitrogen Oxygen=O2
- 6. Compound ● Two or more different elements bonded together Salt NaCl Water H2O Sugar
- 7. Kinetic theory ● All matter is made of atoms ● Atoms are always in motion ● Heavier particles move slower than lighter ones
- 9. Periodic Table ● There are 90 naturally occuring elements with 25 man made elements. ● Some are gases, liquids and most solids ● Elements are made up of atoms
- 10. Parts of an atom ● NUCLEUS: center of the atom contains protons and neutrons ● Proton: Positively charged in Nucleus ● Neutron: Neutral Particle in Nucleus ● Electron: Negatively charged, moving in shells outside the nucleus
- 12. Quantum model
- 13. Atomic Number ● You read this off the periodic table ● Tells how many Protons and Electrons (not together) ● MASS NUMBER HOW MANY PROTONS AND NEUTRONS TOGETHER ● NEUTRONS=THE ATOMIC NUMBER-THE MASS NUMBER
- 14. ELECTRON ● ELECTRONS ARE IN SHELLS AROUND THE NUCLEUS ● 1ST SHELL HAS 2 ELECTRONS ● 2ND SHELL HAS 8 ELECTRONS ● 3RD SHELL HAS 18 ELECTRONS ● 4TH SHELL HAS 32 ELECTRONS
- 16. Mass ● The amount of matter in any object ● Mass shows a resistance to being moved
- 17. Gravity ● The force between objects of mass ● The bigger the mass, more force of gravity ● All matter is attracted to other matter ● To reduce the force of gravity between objects, spread the distance between the two ●
- 18. Gravity on Different Planets ● Suppose you weigh 100 pounds here on Earth. list. ● Earth - 100 lbs ● Moon - 17 lbs ● Mercury - 38 lbs ● Jupiter - 236 lbs ● Pluto - 7 lbs ● sun - 2407 lbs
- 19. Newton’s Gravity ● Newton also found that gravity Increases with bigger objects ● Different plants have different Masses Galileo two object drop
- 20. Weight ● This is the pull of gravity against your Mass. ● Remember that mass is matter and gravity is the pull against the matter
- 21. Mass x gravity = weight ● We measure mass using grams (g) ● Weight, we use Newton (N) The units for Newtons is kg x mass/seconds
- 22. Potential Energy ●Potential energy is energy that is stored in an object. Mainly GRAVITY Rivers and lakes with dams ●Kinetic energy is energy of motion.
- 23. Newton laws of Motion ● 1st law: objects will stay at rest or in motion unless acted upon (Inertia)
- 24. 2nd law: Force=Mass x Acceleration
- 25. 3rd Law: Opposite and equal reaction