Atoms, elements, and compounds notes

Atoms, elements, and compounds notes

• 1.
  Atoms, Elements, and Compounds What’s the difference?
• 2.
  Atoms  Atomsare the basic building blocks of all matter  Atoms are made up of 3 subatomic particles:  Protons – positively charged  Neutrons – no charge  Electrons – negatively charged
• 3.
  Diagram of anatom •Protons and Neutrons are found in the center of the atom. •This region is called the nucleus. •Electrons move around the nucleus in the region called the electron cloud.
• 4.
  Law of Conservationof Matter  The law of conservation of matter explains that atoms are never created or destroyed they can only change from one form to another.
• 5.
  Elements  Anelement is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by physical or chemical means.  An element is purely one type of atom  For example in a sample of Sodium all the atoms look the same.
• 6.
   Sodium isrepresented by Na on the periodic table. It is #11.  Can you find it on the table?  How come it is called sodium but its chemical symbol is Na?  Sodium, like many other elements, got its symbol from its Latin word Narium.  Other examples are Mercury (Hg), Iron (Fe), and Potassium (K)
• 7.
  Elements on thePeriodic Table This is a picture of the box on the periodic table for Oxygen. What do the letters and numbers in the box mean? Atomic Number: This tells you the number of protons in every Oxygen atom Chemical Symbol: This contains one or two letters to represent Atomic mass: The the element. average mass of the element
• 8.
  Using information offthe periodic table  The information on the periodic table can also help you identify how many protons, neutrons and electrons each element has.  Complete the Atomic Math Challenge to learn more about this.
• 9.
  Compounds  Acompound is a substance made up of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio or proportion.  So when elements chemically react they can form compounds.  When compounds form the elements get totally new properties
• 10.
  Examples of common Compounds  Carbon Dioxide CO2  Baking soda NaHCO3  Sugar C12H22O11  Water H2O