Automation & use of computer in food analysis
- 1. Mohammad Salman Chukkan(18FET209) Nachal N(18FET210) Nishank Waghmare(18FET211) Nissy Mary Prasad(18FET212)
- 2. In food processing the main objectives are food safety, minimal processing and high quality products, good instrumentation, appropriate fault detection and reliable real-time on-line control techniques. The current level of automation in the food industry has been described as "islands of automation”.
- 4. Automation is use of technology by which a process or procedure is performed without or very less human assistance Driving force • To meet increasing demand • Growth in computer hardware and software
- 6. Food processing is highly labor-intensive, with labor costs at anything up to 50 percent of the product cost. One of the most important obstacles in the automation of food manufacturing is the biological variation in size, shape, homogeneity of raw materials Lack of complete physical and chemical characterization of food The mechanical, thermal, and sensory properties of food materials also require specific limits on the nature and extent of processing steps Materials that are not well defined in size or shape are often presented in a random, unconstrained orientation
- 7. To eliminate extremely repetitive and monotonous tasks, which resulted in repetitive strain injury to workers Better quality control needed because of consumer sophistication, regulatory labeling requirements and narrow quality boundaries To eliminate off-line quality control due to the need for more rapid correction of deviations from process and quality standards/specifications Detection of foreign and contaminant material in food
- 8. Fixed automation- in which the sequence of processing (or assembly) operations is fixed by the equipment configuration Programmable automation- the production equipment is designed with the capability to change the sequence of operations to accommodate different product configurations Flexible automation- an extension of programmable automation which is capable of producing a variety of products (or parts) with virtually no time lost for changeovers from one product to the next
- 9. Computer integrated system Online Sensors Robot technology Computer vision system
- 11. CIM (computer integrated manufacturing) is a broad term describing computerized integration of all aspects of design, planning, manufacturing, distribution and management Benefits: i) To coordinate and organize data ii) To eliminate paper and cost associated with its use iii) To automate communication within a factory and increase its speed iv) To facilitate simultaneous engineering
- 12. On-line methods integrated into the production process, save time and money but are currently restricted to measuring only the simplest chemical and physical parameters such as pH, pressure and temperature for routine applications Future trend focus on integrating chemical and biosensors to available online sensors
- 13. Food processing factories are now using robotics as a cost effective automation solutions for higher production volume, thereby reducing the reliance on manual labor Common examples include; picking, placing, packaging and palletizing applications
- 15. 1.Pick and place robots 2. Packing and palletizing robots 3. Serving robots
- 16. Computer vision is the science that develops the theoretical and algorithmic basis by which useful information about an object or scene can be automatically extracted and analyzed from an observed image, image set, or image sequence.
- 18. Applications Advantages Online real time quality evaluation and quality control Flow detection Grading of spices, fruits and vegetables Replacing manual labour High level of flexibility and repeatability relatively at low cost Robustness Increased accuracy
- 19. Advantages Disadvantages Increase productivity Improve robustness of processes or product Increase consistency of output Reduce direct human labour cost and expenses Reduce the processing time of high utility Safer working conditions Increased predictability of quality End to End Traceability Lower skills level of workers High initial investment Unemployment Not suitable for short life cycle products Not economically feasible for small scale industries High maintenance of automation
- 20. Excellent examples of automation include processing and packaging of fresh eggs and dairy products In the poultry industry, automation offer automatic slaughtering, plucking, washing, decapitating, and eviscerating of poultry carcasses at a fairly high rate Another commercial operation is automatic fish processing. It separates the edible loin portions of transverse tuna slices and scanned by a computer vision system, and control signals are transmitted to a cutting arm that then separates the edible portion.
- 21. The food industry does pose unique challenges when it comes to automation and computerization such as the prevalence of water in food production areas Programs do everything from evaluation of alternative "what if" scenarios to sophisticated statistics of surface response optimization
- 22. Costing - Cost analysis is often a formulator's first introduction to the use of a computer. If formulas contain ingredients that in themselves are formulas, the time saved at calculations can be striking Nutritional computations - When a list of foods and beverages along with their serving sizes is keyed in, the program calculates the nutrient intake of individuals
- 23. Experimental designs – framing a equation using significant factors and finished product quality parameters, helps in analyzing and predicting the expected outcome of a trial Use of software like Matlab, CAD for designing equipments and SAP, FASTLANE for organizing data Software integrated with hi-tech equipments for interpretation of result
- 24. FSTS is the ability to trace the any given stage of food production, processing and circulation A handheld barcode scanner RFID tag
- 25. 1.The bar code technology 1.One dimensional bar code - UPC code, EAN code, cross 25 yards, Codabar code common drawback of these one-dimensional barcode small information capacity low error correction capability 2. Two-dimensional bar code - Code16K, PDF417, SuperCode, MaxiCode. larger information capacity better confidentiality stronger error correction capability bar code emerge
- 26. 2. GS1 System It is a open standard system services in the logistics supply chain, It includes code of the trade logistics unit assets electronic data interchange product classification global data synchronization electronic product code(EPC)
- 27. GS1 System This system is formulated and managed by the international Article Numbering Association (GS1). At present, more than 100 countries it is widely used in trade, logistics, e-commerce, e-government and other fields, especially in the industries of daily necessities, food, medical, textile and other .
- 28. RFID tag has unique identification code data can be rewritable large amount of data storage fast identification and response speed long service life the label can be used in high temperature, high humidity and outdoor harsh conditions Implantation of a digital memory chip with a unique electronic product code into a single livestock, receiving device can activate the RFID label, read and change the data, and transmit information to the host for further processing
- 29. Chromatography Example - CHAS Basic function 1. Chromatogram Analysis generation of chromatograms with peaks which helps in checking if their retention time is within anticipation levels. 2.Graphical Analysis interpretation of data from detectors. 3.data management data reduction Offline analysis of library of chromatograms.
- 30. Spectroscopy Conventional approach for interpreting data of spectroscopy was using Mattuch-herzog design with help of photographic plates, but it was limited to 30 data storage Computers have aided in performing tedious calculation with great accuracy and robustness Has provided with capability to develop algorithm and process the data in developing spectrogram and comparing it with library
- 31. Rapid advances in computer technology and heightened expectations of consumers and regulatory agencies for improved food quality and safety have forced the food industry to consider automation of most manufacturing processes. The next significant development will be to integrate these "islands of automation" into an overall system of plant automation, from receiving raw materials to shipping finished products.