![Six controlling ideas that protectSix controlling ideas that protect
freedom and libertyfreedom and liberty
1.1. Popular SovereigntyPopular Sovereignty
– Pop = peoplePop = people
– Sovereignty = ruleSovereignty = rule
– The people vote [a republic]The people vote [a republic]
– Officials accountable to peopleOfficials accountable to people
– Embodied in phrases, “We the People,”Embodied in phrases, “We the People,”
and “from the consent of the governed.”and “from the consent of the governed.”
– So what?So what?
1.1. Rule of LawRule of Law
– Government isGovernment is limitedlimited to those powersto those powers
given to it by the peoplegiven to it by the people
– All people, including gov’t officials, areAll people, including gov’t officials, are
subject to the lawsubject to the law
– Bill of Rights - rights protected from gov’tBill of Rights - rights protected from gov’t
– ““..you must first enable the government to..you must first enable the government to
control the governed; and in the next placecontrol the governed; and in the next place
oblige it to control itself. “ The Federalistoblige it to control itself. “ The Federalist
No. 51No. 51](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/basicprinciplesoftheconstitution-170627020046/85/Basic-principles-of-the-constitution-2-320.jpg)
![3 & 4: Separation of Power and Checks and Balances3 & 4: Separation of Power and Checks and Balances
Legislative Branch:Legislative Branch:
CongressCongress
Executive Branch:Executive Branch:
POTUS & AdministrationPOTUS & Administration
Judicial Branch:Judicial Branch:
Supreme Court andSupreme Court and
lesser courtslesser courts
• Impeach judgesImpeach judges
• Reject appointmentsReject appointments
• Propose amendmentsPropose amendments
• Sets judicial salariesSets judicial salaries
• Impeach PresidentImpeach President
• Override President’s vetoOverride President’s veto
• Reject appointments andReject appointments and
treaties [Advise and Consent]treaties [Advise and Consent]
• ““Power of the purse”Power of the purse”
• power to declare warpower to declare war
•Congressional oversightCongressional oversight
• Veto legislationVeto legislation
• call special sessionscall special sessions
• recommendrecommend
legislationlegislation
• Direct appeal toDirect appeal to
the peoplethe people
Declare acts ofDeclare acts of
Congress to beCongress to be
unconstitutionalunconstitutional
Appoints federalAppoints federal
judgesjudges
• declare president’s acts unconstitutionaldeclare president’s acts unconstitutional
• serve for life/free of executive controlserve for life/free of executive control](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/basicprinciplesoftheconstitution-170627020046/85/Basic-principles-of-the-constitution-3-320.jpg)
Basic principles of the constitution
- 1. Basic Principles of the ConstitutionBasic Principles of the Constitution The ideas that make it workThe ideas that make it work
- 2. Six controlling ideas that protectSix controlling ideas that protect freedom and libertyfreedom and liberty 1.1. Popular SovereigntyPopular Sovereignty – Pop = peoplePop = people – Sovereignty = ruleSovereignty = rule – The people vote [a republic]The people vote [a republic] – Officials accountable to peopleOfficials accountable to people – Embodied in phrases, “We the People,”Embodied in phrases, “We the People,” and “from the consent of the governed.”and “from the consent of the governed.” – So what?So what? 1.1. Rule of LawRule of Law – Government isGovernment is limitedlimited to those powersto those powers given to it by the peoplegiven to it by the people – All people, including gov’t officials, areAll people, including gov’t officials, are subject to the lawsubject to the law – Bill of Rights - rights protected from gov’tBill of Rights - rights protected from gov’t – ““..you must first enable the government to..you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next placecontrol the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself. “ The Federalistoblige it to control itself. “ The Federalist No. 51No. 51
- 3. 3 & 4: Separation of Power and Checks and Balances3 & 4: Separation of Power and Checks and Balances Legislative Branch:Legislative Branch: CongressCongress Executive Branch:Executive Branch: POTUS & AdministrationPOTUS & Administration Judicial Branch:Judicial Branch: Supreme Court andSupreme Court and lesser courtslesser courts • Impeach judgesImpeach judges • Reject appointmentsReject appointments • Propose amendmentsPropose amendments • Sets judicial salariesSets judicial salaries • Impeach PresidentImpeach President • Override President’s vetoOverride President’s veto • Reject appointments andReject appointments and treaties [Advise and Consent]treaties [Advise and Consent] • ““Power of the purse”Power of the purse” • power to declare warpower to declare war •Congressional oversightCongressional oversight • Veto legislationVeto legislation • call special sessionscall special sessions • recommendrecommend legislationlegislation • Direct appeal toDirect appeal to the peoplethe people Declare acts ofDeclare acts of Congress to beCongress to be unconstitutionalunconstitutional Appoints federalAppoints federal judgesjudges • declare president’s acts unconstitutionaldeclare president’s acts unconstitutional • serve for life/free of executive controlserve for life/free of executive control
- 4. 5.5. Federalism – types ofFederalism – types of power and power sharingpower and power sharing – Both national and state governmentsBoth national and state governments have authority over the peoplehave authority over the people – Some powers belong only to one orSome powers belong only to one or the other, some are sharedthe other, some are shared – What examples can you name forWhat examples can you name for each?each? – Article IV: Full Faith and Credit –Article IV: Full Faith and Credit – states recognize each others laws andstates recognize each others laws and privilegesprivileges 5.5. Federal SupremacyFederal Supremacy – Article VI: the Supremacy ClauseArticle VI: the Supremacy Clause – Federal law trumps state lawFederal law trumps state law – Why?Why? – Settles any conflicts between state and federal lawSettles any conflicts between state and federal law National Gov’tNational Gov’t State Gov’tsState Gov’ts Both/andBoth/and Expressed Implied Reserved Concurrent Powers denied to both gov’tsPowers denied to both gov’ts