![.
!= tnsf b'a} k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -@X#=^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfªsg ul/Psf zAbx?sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf ;lxt ;ªVof ;d]t b]vfpg'xf]; .
b}lgs Hofnfbf/Ldf sfd ug]{ a];xf/f dhb'/x? kl/>dsf] plrt d"No gkfP/ b'MvL ag]sf 5g .
la/fdL kbf{ ;d]t cfjZos pkrf/sf cefjdf ltgn] csfnd} d[To'nfO{ cFufNg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ z'2 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{xf]; M
;'o{sf] ls/g k[YjLdf em/]kl5 jf]6la?jfn] kf]if0f kfp5g . k|f0fL cGgafnL / ;fu;AhL ;a}nfO{
afFRgsfnflu cg]s s'/f rflxG5g .
@= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -#+#=^_
-s_ lgDglnlvt uBf+z k9L b'O{ tT;d, b'O{ tbej / b'O{ cfuGt's zAb klxrfg ug'{xf]; .
x/Ln] cfkmgf j[4 afa'nfO{ zNolqmof u/]/ d[uf}nfdf /x]sf] kTy/L lgsfNg c:ktfn egf{ u/fof] .
8fS6/x?n] s]xL lbg cf/fd u/]/ dfq ck/];g ug{ ;Nnfx lbP . To;kl5 pm cfdfnfO{ klg lnP/
cfpF5' egL 9f]sfdf dfq s] k'u]sf] lyof] cfdf cfFvfaf6 cfF;' emfb}{ 6'KnSs ToxLF cfOk'lug .
cyjf
tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfªlst zAbsf] kbju{ klxrfg ug'{xf]; .
Tof] 7fpF ;a}sf nflu a:g of]Uo 5}g x} Û ToxfF t cg]s lx+;|s hLjhGt' , ljiffn' ;k{ / cGo
;ªqmfds hLjx? a:5g eGg] ;'g]sf] 5' .
-v_ lgDglnlvt k|fljlwskfl/eflifs zAbnfO{ ;Gbe{ut cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf]; M
e|i6frf/, lgnDag, d'2f, clen]v, cWofb]z, zNolqmof
#= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -#+#=^_
s_ cf1fy{sf] k|of]u u/L 5 jfSodf ceLefjsn] cfkmgf ;GtfgnfO{ k9g n]Vg Wofg lbgsf nflu
cg'/f]w u/]sf] ljifonfO{ ;d]6L Ps cg'R5]b n]Vg'xf]; .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ cfjZos kl/jt{g ;lxt dWod cfb/df kl/jt{g ug'{xf]; M
pm o; If]qs} c;n lzIfs xf] . p;nfO{ ljBfyL{x?n] lgs} dg k/fpF5g . ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k7fpg]
sfo{df pm lgs} ldlxg]tL 5 . ljleGg z}lIfs ;+:yfaf6 pm w]/}k6s k'/:s[t ;d]t e};s]sf] 5 . pm
Pp6f of]Uo / s'zn, lzIfs xf] . pm k];fk|lt pQ/bfoL lzIfssf] pbfx/0f klg xf] .
u_ tnsf jfSox?nfO{ Pp6} jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{xf]; M
xfdL g]kfnL xf}F . xfdL :jfjnDaL 5f}F . xfdL OdfGbf/ 5f}F . xfdL ldlxg]tL 5f}F . xfdL b]zk|]dL 5f}F .
xfdL g]kfnnfO{ dfof u5f}F .
$=s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -$_
s_ tn lbOPsf] 6]S;f; OG6/g]zgn sn]h rfalxnsf] z}lIfs ;q @)&^ b]lv @)*) ;Ddsf]
ljBfyL{ egf{ ;DaGwL tYofÍnfO{ /]vflrqdf ?kfGt/0f ug'{xf]; .
-ljBfyL{ egf{sf] l:ylt_
tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ tflnsfdf b]vfpg'xf]; .
wjnflu/L ax'd'vL SofDk; afun'ªdf :gfts tx kf; ug]{ ljBfyL{sf] ;ªVof ;w} Go"g lyof] .
@)&^ ;fndf () hgf, @)&& ;fndf !!) hgf, @)&* ;fndf ^) hgf, @)&( ;fndf %% hgf
lyP eg] @)*) ;fndf PSsf;L ;f] ;ªVof j[l4 eP/ !%) hgf k'u]sf] 5 .
cyjf
v_ …z}lIfs hgzlQmsf] ljb]z knfogÚ zLif{sdf !)) zAbdf g36fO{ Pp6f cg'R5]b n]Vg'xf]; .
%= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -$_
s_ tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]bsf /]vfªsg ul/Psf kbn] s]s:tf] Jofs/l0fs ;+;lQmsf] sfd u/]sf 5g
:ki6 kfg'{xf]; M
kLtfDa/ 3/df cfPsf] pm dg k/fpFyL, cfdfn] cx|fpFbf kLtfDa/sf nflu ha pm lrof tof/
kfyL{, p;nfO{ lgZro g} a8f] cfgGb x'GYof] . ====p;nfO{ nfUof] – cfdfafa'sf] ;+;f/, h;df
clxn];Dd pm ;f; km]l//x]sL lyO{, Tof] t Pp6f la/fgf] d'n's kf] /x]5 .
v_ tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]bsf /]vfªlst zAbx?n] cg'R5]b leqsf] ;+/rgfdf s] s:tf] sf]zLo ;+;lQm
;[hgf u/]sf 5g <
p;nfO{ w]/}h;f] 3/df PSn} a:g'kYof]{ / cfn:on] otfptL u/]/ lbg sf6g' kYof]{ clg Ps lbg
PsfGtsf] ef/L jftfj/0fdf ps';d's'; x'Fbf p;nfO{ emNofF:; ;Demgf eof] ls clxn];Dd pm
;GtfgjtL x'g ;s]sL 5}g .
^= b'a} k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -!=%X$=^_
s_ lbOPsf] c'gR5]b k9L tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M
jt{dfg o'u lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] o'u xf] . lj1fgn] ljljw If]qdf u/]sf] k|ultn] jt{dfg o'u
;'ljwfo'Qm aGg k'u]sf] 5 . 6]lnkmf]gsf] cfljisf/n] ubf{ ;+;f/sf s'gf s'gfdf t'?Gt} ;Dks{ u/L
bf]xf]/f] s'/fsfgL ug{ ;Dej ePsf] 5 . /]l8of] / 6]lnlehgsf dfWodaf6 ljZjdf 36]sf ljleGg
36gfx?sf af/]df 3/}df a;L a;L ;dfrf/ ;'Gg / x]g{ ;Sg] ;''ljwf ;a}nfO{ pknAw ePsf] 5 .
o;} u/L /]n df]6/ kfgLhxfh, xjfO{hxfh h:tf oftfoftsf ;fwgx?n] 6f9f 6f9fsf] uGtJonfO{
klg ;'ud t'NofOlbPsf 5g . j}1flgs If]qdf ePsf] cfzftLt k|ultn] ubf{ 3/fo;L sfdb]lv lnP/
qm=;+= z}lIfs ;q ljBfyL{ egf{ ;+Vof
! @)&^ $%)
@ @)&& %%)
# @)&* $&%
$ @)&( ^%)
% @)*) (%)
Faculty: Humanities and Social Sciences FM :70
Subject: Com. Nepali PM : 30
Level: BASW 2nd
Year Time: 3 hrs.
Mitrapark, Chabahil, Ktm
Second Term Examination-2081](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/baswiisecond81f-240620165547-88afd9c1/85/BASW-_II_Second_-81_F-docx-for-students-1-320.jpg)
![s[lif, pBf]u, jfl0fHo cflb If]qdf dfgjLo hLjgk4lt ;'vL, ;DkGg / ;'ljwfo'Qm aGg k'u]sf] 5 .
dflg;n] cfh{g u/]sf] ce"tk"j{ 1fg, lg/Gt/ s8f ldlxg]t / cg';Gwfgsf] kl/0ffd :j?k oGqdfgj
cfljisf/ ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ sfo{df ;d]t ;kmntf k|fKt ePsf] 5 . oGqdfgj eg]sf] dflg;n] h:t}
sfd ug{ ;Sg] Pp6f :jrflnt oGq xf] . o;n] dflg;nfO{ j}1flgs, cf}Bf]lus, 3/fo;L cflb ljljw
If]qdf ;3fpg] u5{ .
k|Zgx? M
c_ ;~rf/sf dfWod tyf oftfoftsf ;fwgn] ;+;f/nfO{ s;/L glhs agfPsf] 5 <
cf_ oGqdfgjn] dflg;nfO{ s;/L ;3fpF5 <
O_ j}1flgs If]qdf ePsf] cfzftLt k|ultn] dfgj hLjgnfO{ s:tf] agfPsf] 5 <
O{_ …j}1flgsÚ / …cg';GwfgÚ zAbsf] lgdf{0f k|lqmof b]vfpg'xf]; .
=v_ tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx?sf] ;a}eGbf pko'Qm pQ/df - _ lrxg nufpg'xf];
M -!X$=$_
ljsf;zLn d'n'ssf cfkmg} ;fF:s[lts d"No tyf dfGotf x'G5g . o:tf d'n'sdf hgtfn] cg'Tkfbs
If]qdf art ug]{ / cfkmgf] Ifdtf eP klg geP klg cgfjZos vr{ ug]{ ub{5g . o:tf] ;dfhsf]
k|zf;lgs 9fFrf klg k/Dk/fut lsl;dsf] x'G5 . o;y{ k|fozM o:tf d'n'sdf ;+o'Qm kl/jf/ k|0ffnL
tyf hftLk|yfsf] cl:tTj klg ljBdfg x'g] x'Fbf o:tf] ;dfhdf >dzlQmnfO{ Jofj;flos ultzLntf
k|bfg ug{ ufx|f] x'G5 . >dsf] k"lt{df Hofnfsf] b/n] eGbf klg cGo ;fF:s[lts tyf dgf]j}1flgs
sf/0fn] a9L k|efj kf/]sf x'G5g . ;+o'Qm kl/jf/ k|0ffnL ePsfn] kl/jf/sf JolQmdf 3/leq g} /xg
?rfpg] k|j[lQ a9L x'G5 . cem sltko ;Lkd"ns sfo{ ljleGg hflt, ju{, wd{, tyf lnªusf
cfwf/df lgwf{l/t ePsf x'G5g . g]kfndf kmnfdsf] sfd ug]{, 5fnfsf] sfd ug]{ tyf n'uf l;pg]
sfd k/Dk/fut ?kdf s'g} Ps hflt ljz]if;Fu dfq ;DalGwt ePsf] / Nofl6g cd]l/sfdf sk8f
a'Gg] sfd dlxnfn] dfq ug]{ u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ pbfx/0fsf ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . jf:tjdf ljsf;zLn
d'n'sdf x/]s k|sf/sf] u}/cfly{s ;+:s[lt k|an ?kdf ljBdfg x'G5 .
k|Zgx? M
!= ljsf;zLn zAbsf] cy{ s] xf] <
s_ ljsf; ePsf] v_ ljsf;df km8sf] df/]sf] u_ ul/a 3_ qmdzM ljsl;t x'Fb} ePsf]
@= >dsf] k"lt{df kfg]{ k|efj s] s] x'g <
s_ Hofnsf] b/ / k};f v_ ;fF:s[lts / dgf]j}1flgs u_ ;fdflhs / cfly{s 3_ Jofj;flos /
k|zf;lgs
#= s] sf/0fn] kl/jf/sf JolQm 3/leq /xg ?rfpF5g <
s_ ;+o'Qm kl/jf/ k|0ffnL v_ Psn kl/jf/ k|0ffnL u_ ;Lkd"ns sfo{ k|0ffnL 3_ a]/f]huf/Lsf]
cj:yf
$= >dzlQm s:tf] zAb xf] <
s_ pk;u{ Jo'TkGg v_ k|Too Jo'TkGg u_ ;d:t zAb 3_ l4Tj zAb
&_ tnsf] uBf+z k9L d'Vod'Vo rf/ a'Fbf l6kf]6 ug'{xf]; M -$X!=$_
lzIffdf dlxnfx? kl5 kg'{df cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs sf/0fx? g} k|d'v eP tfklg b]zsf] ef}uf]lns
agfj6 tyf ljutsf /fhgLlts sf/0f klg /x]sf] lyof] . lzIffdf dlxnf ;xeflutf sd x'g'sf
cfly{s / ;fdflhs sf/0fx?sf ?kdf cfly{s ljkGgtf, z}lIfs r]tgfsf] sdL, k/Dk/fut ;fdflhs
wf/0ff, cGw ljZjf; tyf ?l9jfb, l56f] ljjfx, 3/fo;L sfddf dlxnfsf] a9L ;+nUgtf cflbnfO{
lng ;lsG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dlxnf lzIffsf] pko'St ljsf;sf nflu plNnlvt sf/0fx?nfO{
Wofgdf /fv]/ of]hgf agfO{ sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug'{ kb{5 . vf; u/L dlxnf lzIffk|lt /x]sf
gsf/fTds wf/0ff, cGwljZjf;, ;fdflhs e]befj x6fO{ z}lIfs r]tgfdf clej[l4 ug]{ vfnsf
sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng u/L ;a}n] k9g kfpg] clwsf/sf] sb/ ug]{ / 5f]/Lx?nfO{ :s'n k7fpg]
sfo{df ;dfhnfO{ clek|]l/t ul/g' cfjZos 5 . To;} u/L ef}uf]lns b[li6n] ljs6 / b'u{d If]qx?df
ljBfno tyf cGo lzIf0f ;+:yf vf]Ng] sfdnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' / ljkGg ju{sf nflu cfod"ns
sfo{qmd tyf pko'St /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ ;[hgf ul/g' cfjZos b]lvG5 .
cyjf
k|Zg g+= & sf] uBf+znfO{ Ps t[tLof+zdf ;+If]kLs/0f ug'{xf]; M
*_ s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -$_
s_ s'g} kj{ ljz]ifsf] pknIodf cfkmgf cfkmGt, tyf ;fyLefOnfO{ lbOg] z'esfdgf kqsf] gd"gf
tof/ kfg'{xf]; .
v_ tkfOF{sf] cfkmgf] JolQmut ljj/0f tof/ kfg'{xf]; M
(_ lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps ljifodf @%) zAb;Ddsf] lgjGw n]Vg'xf]; M -&_
s_ d]/f] ;kgfsf] g]kfn
v_ g]kfndf s[lif qmflGtsf] cfjZostf
u_ ;~rf/ dfWodsf] dxTj
!)_ cfkm"n] u/]sf] s'g} z}lIfs e|0fsf] ljifonfO{ ;d]6L Pp6f k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg'{xf]; M -%_
!!_ s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -$+$=*_
s_ ef]lnsf] g]kfn sljtfn] g]kfnsf] s:tf] eljiosf] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] 5 < k|i6 kfg'{xf]; .
v_ ;'v;Qf lgaGwdf k|:t't d'Vo ljifo s] xf] < :ki6 kfg'{xf]; M
u_ k5jl/of 6f]n syfsf] d'Vo cfzo s] xf] < rrf{ ug'{xf]; .
!@_ s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -^_
s_ ;Qfsf] vf]hdf PsfªsLn] JoQm ug{ vf]h]sf] d'Vo cfzo :ki6 kfg'{xf]; .
v_ r'nL pkGof;sf dfWodaf6 pkGof;sf/n] s] s'/f JoQm ug{ vf]h]sf 5g < ;dLIffTds pQ/
n]Vg'xf]; .
Best of luck ](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/baswiisecond81f-240620165547-88afd9c1/85/BASW-_II_Second_-81_F-docx-for-students-2-320.jpg)
BASW _II_Second_ 81_F.docx for students.
- 1. . != tnsf b'a} k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -@X#=^_ s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfªsg ul/Psf zAbx?sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf ;lxt ;ªVof ;d]t b]vfpg'xf]; . b}lgs Hofnfbf/Ldf sfd ug]{ a];xf/f dhb'/x? kl/>dsf] plrt d"No gkfP/ b'MvL ag]sf 5g . la/fdL kbf{ ;d]t cfjZos pkrf/sf cefjdf ltgn] csfnd} d[To'nfO{ cFufNg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 . v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ z'2 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{xf]; M ;'o{sf] ls/g k[YjLdf em/]kl5 jf]6la?jfn] kf]if0f kfp5g . k|f0fL cGgafnL / ;fu;AhL ;a}nfO{ afFRgsfnflu cg]s s'/f rflxG5g . @= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -#+#=^_ -s_ lgDglnlvt uBf+z k9L b'O{ tT;d, b'O{ tbej / b'O{ cfuGt's zAb klxrfg ug'{xf]; . x/Ln] cfkmgf j[4 afa'nfO{ zNolqmof u/]/ d[uf}nfdf /x]sf] kTy/L lgsfNg c:ktfn egf{ u/fof] . 8fS6/x?n] s]xL lbg cf/fd u/]/ dfq ck/];g ug{ ;Nnfx lbP . To;kl5 pm cfdfnfO{ klg lnP/ cfpF5' egL 9f]sfdf dfq s] k'u]sf] lyof] cfdf cfFvfaf6 cfF;' emfb}{ 6'KnSs ToxLF cfOk'lug . cyjf tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfªlst zAbsf] kbju{ klxrfg ug'{xf]; . Tof] 7fpF ;a}sf nflu a:g of]Uo 5}g x} Û ToxfF t cg]s lx+;|s hLjhGt' , ljiffn' ;k{ / cGo ;ªqmfds hLjx? a:5g eGg] ;'g]sf] 5' . -v_ lgDglnlvt k|fljlwskfl/eflifs zAbnfO{ ;Gbe{ut cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf]; M e|i6frf/, lgnDag, d'2f, clen]v, cWofb]z, zNolqmof #= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -#+#=^_ s_ cf1fy{sf] k|of]u u/L 5 jfSodf ceLefjsn] cfkmgf ;GtfgnfO{ k9g n]Vg Wofg lbgsf nflu cg'/f]w u/]sf] ljifonfO{ ;d]6L Ps cg'R5]b n]Vg'xf]; . v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ cfjZos kl/jt{g ;lxt dWod cfb/df kl/jt{g ug'{xf]; M pm o; If]qs} c;n lzIfs xf] . p;nfO{ ljBfyL{x?n] lgs} dg k/fpF5g . ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k7fpg] sfo{df pm lgs} ldlxg]tL 5 . ljleGg z}lIfs ;+:yfaf6 pm w]/}k6s k'/:s[t ;d]t e};s]sf] 5 . pm Pp6f of]Uo / s'zn, lzIfs xf] . pm k];fk|lt pQ/bfoL lzIfssf] pbfx/0f klg xf] . u_ tnsf jfSox?nfO{ Pp6} jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{xf]; M xfdL g]kfnL xf}F . xfdL :jfjnDaL 5f}F . xfdL OdfGbf/ 5f}F . xfdL ldlxg]tL 5f}F . xfdL b]zk|]dL 5f}F . xfdL g]kfnnfO{ dfof u5f}F . $=s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -$_ s_ tn lbOPsf] 6]S;f; OG6/g]zgn sn]h rfalxnsf] z}lIfs ;q @)&^ b]lv @)*) ;Ddsf] ljBfyL{ egf{ ;DaGwL tYofÍnfO{ /]vflrqdf ?kfGt/0f ug'{xf]; . -ljBfyL{ egf{sf] l:ylt_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ tflnsfdf b]vfpg'xf]; . wjnflu/L ax'd'vL SofDk; afun'ªdf :gfts tx kf; ug]{ ljBfyL{sf] ;ªVof ;w} Go"g lyof] . @)&^ ;fndf () hgf, @)&& ;fndf !!) hgf, @)&* ;fndf ^) hgf, @)&( ;fndf %% hgf lyP eg] @)*) ;fndf PSsf;L ;f] ;ªVof j[l4 eP/ !%) hgf k'u]sf] 5 . cyjf v_ …z}lIfs hgzlQmsf] ljb]z knfogÚ zLif{sdf !)) zAbdf g36fO{ Pp6f cg'R5]b n]Vg'xf]; . %= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -$_ s_ tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]bsf /]vfªsg ul/Psf kbn] s]s:tf] Jofs/l0fs ;+;lQmsf] sfd u/]sf 5g :ki6 kfg'{xf]; M kLtfDa/ 3/df cfPsf] pm dg k/fpFyL, cfdfn] cx|fpFbf kLtfDa/sf nflu ha pm lrof tof/ kfyL{, p;nfO{ lgZro g} a8f] cfgGb x'GYof] . ====p;nfO{ nfUof] – cfdfafa'sf] ;+;f/, h;df clxn];Dd pm ;f; km]l//x]sL lyO{, Tof] t Pp6f la/fgf] d'n's kf] /x]5 . v_ tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]bsf /]vfªlst zAbx?n] cg'R5]b leqsf] ;+/rgfdf s] s:tf] sf]zLo ;+;lQm ;[hgf u/]sf 5g < p;nfO{ w]/}h;f] 3/df PSn} a:g'kYof]{ / cfn:on] otfptL u/]/ lbg sf6g' kYof]{ clg Ps lbg PsfGtsf] ef/L jftfj/0fdf ps';d's'; x'Fbf p;nfO{ emNofF:; ;Demgf eof] ls clxn];Dd pm ;GtfgjtL x'g ;s]sL 5}g . ^= b'a} k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -!=%X$=^_ s_ lbOPsf] c'gR5]b k9L tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M jt{dfg o'u lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] o'u xf] . lj1fgn] ljljw If]qdf u/]sf] k|ultn] jt{dfg o'u ;'ljwfo'Qm aGg k'u]sf] 5 . 6]lnkmf]gsf] cfljisf/n] ubf{ ;+;f/sf s'gf s'gfdf t'?Gt} ;Dks{ u/L bf]xf]/f] s'/fsfgL ug{ ;Dej ePsf] 5 . /]l8of] / 6]lnlehgsf dfWodaf6 ljZjdf 36]sf ljleGg 36gfx?sf af/]df 3/}df a;L a;L ;dfrf/ ;'Gg / x]g{ ;Sg] ;''ljwf ;a}nfO{ pknAw ePsf] 5 . o;} u/L /]n df]6/ kfgLhxfh, xjfO{hxfh h:tf oftfoftsf ;fwgx?n] 6f9f 6f9fsf] uGtJonfO{ klg ;'ud t'NofOlbPsf 5g . j}1flgs If]qdf ePsf] cfzftLt k|ultn] ubf{ 3/fo;L sfdb]lv lnP/ qm=;+= z}lIfs ;q ljBfyL{ egf{ ;+Vof ! @)&^ $%) @ @)&& %%) # @)&* $&% $ @)&( ^%) % @)*) (%) Faculty: Humanities and Social Sciences FM :70 Subject: Com. Nepali PM : 30 Level: BASW 2nd Year Time: 3 hrs. Mitrapark, Chabahil, Ktm Second Term Examination-2081
- 2. s[lif, pBf]u, jfl0fHo cflb If]qdf dfgjLo hLjgk4lt ;'vL, ;DkGg / ;'ljwfo'Qm aGg k'u]sf] 5 . dflg;n] cfh{g u/]sf] ce"tk"j{ 1fg, lg/Gt/ s8f ldlxg]t / cg';Gwfgsf] kl/0ffd :j?k oGqdfgj cfljisf/ ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ sfo{df ;d]t ;kmntf k|fKt ePsf] 5 . oGqdfgj eg]sf] dflg;n] h:t} sfd ug{ ;Sg] Pp6f :jrflnt oGq xf] . o;n] dflg;nfO{ j}1flgs, cf}Bf]lus, 3/fo;L cflb ljljw If]qdf ;3fpg] u5{ . k|Zgx? M c_ ;~rf/sf dfWod tyf oftfoftsf ;fwgn] ;+;f/nfO{ s;/L glhs agfPsf] 5 < cf_ oGqdfgjn] dflg;nfO{ s;/L ;3fpF5 < O_ j}1flgs If]qdf ePsf] cfzftLt k|ultn] dfgj hLjgnfO{ s:tf] agfPsf] 5 < O{_ …j}1flgsÚ / …cg';GwfgÚ zAbsf] lgdf{0f k|lqmof b]vfpg'xf]; . =v_ tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L tn ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx?sf] ;a}eGbf pko'Qm pQ/df - _ lrxg nufpg'xf]; M -!X$=$_ ljsf;zLn d'n'ssf cfkmg} ;fF:s[lts d"No tyf dfGotf x'G5g . o:tf d'n'sdf hgtfn] cg'Tkfbs If]qdf art ug]{ / cfkmgf] Ifdtf eP klg geP klg cgfjZos vr{ ug]{ ub{5g . o:tf] ;dfhsf] k|zf;lgs 9fFrf klg k/Dk/fut lsl;dsf] x'G5 . o;y{ k|fozM o:tf d'n'sdf ;+o'Qm kl/jf/ k|0ffnL tyf hftLk|yfsf] cl:tTj klg ljBdfg x'g] x'Fbf o:tf] ;dfhdf >dzlQmnfO{ Jofj;flos ultzLntf k|bfg ug{ ufx|f] x'G5 . >dsf] k"lt{df Hofnfsf] b/n] eGbf klg cGo ;fF:s[lts tyf dgf]j}1flgs sf/0fn] a9L k|efj kf/]sf x'G5g . ;+o'Qm kl/jf/ k|0ffnL ePsfn] kl/jf/sf JolQmdf 3/leq g} /xg ?rfpg] k|j[lQ a9L x'G5 . cem sltko ;Lkd"ns sfo{ ljleGg hflt, ju{, wd{, tyf lnªusf cfwf/df lgwf{l/t ePsf x'G5g . g]kfndf kmnfdsf] sfd ug]{, 5fnfsf] sfd ug]{ tyf n'uf l;pg] sfd k/Dk/fut ?kdf s'g} Ps hflt ljz]if;Fu dfq ;DalGwt ePsf] / Nofl6g cd]l/sfdf sk8f a'Gg] sfd dlxnfn] dfq ug]{ u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ pbfx/0fsf ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . jf:tjdf ljsf;zLn d'n'sdf x/]s k|sf/sf] u}/cfly{s ;+:s[lt k|an ?kdf ljBdfg x'G5 . k|Zgx? M != ljsf;zLn zAbsf] cy{ s] xf] < s_ ljsf; ePsf] v_ ljsf;df km8sf] df/]sf] u_ ul/a 3_ qmdzM ljsl;t x'Fb} ePsf] @= >dsf] k"lt{df kfg]{ k|efj s] s] x'g < s_ Hofnsf] b/ / k};f v_ ;fF:s[lts / dgf]j}1flgs u_ ;fdflhs / cfly{s 3_ Jofj;flos / k|zf;lgs #= s] sf/0fn] kl/jf/sf JolQm 3/leq /xg ?rfpF5g < s_ ;+o'Qm kl/jf/ k|0ffnL v_ Psn kl/jf/ k|0ffnL u_ ;Lkd"ns sfo{ k|0ffnL 3_ a]/f]huf/Lsf] cj:yf $= >dzlQm s:tf] zAb xf] < s_ pk;u{ Jo'TkGg v_ k|Too Jo'TkGg u_ ;d:t zAb 3_ l4Tj zAb &_ tnsf] uBf+z k9L d'Vod'Vo rf/ a'Fbf l6kf]6 ug'{xf]; M -$X!=$_ lzIffdf dlxnfx? kl5 kg'{df cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs sf/0fx? g} k|d'v eP tfklg b]zsf] ef}uf]lns agfj6 tyf ljutsf /fhgLlts sf/0f klg /x]sf] lyof] . lzIffdf dlxnf ;xeflutf sd x'g'sf cfly{s / ;fdflhs sf/0fx?sf ?kdf cfly{s ljkGgtf, z}lIfs r]tgfsf] sdL, k/Dk/fut ;fdflhs wf/0ff, cGw ljZjf; tyf ?l9jfb, l56f] ljjfx, 3/fo;L sfddf dlxnfsf] a9L ;+nUgtf cflbnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dlxnf lzIffsf] pko'St ljsf;sf nflu plNnlvt sf/0fx?nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ of]hgf agfO{ sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug'{ kb{5 . vf; u/L dlxnf lzIffk|lt /x]sf gsf/fTds wf/0ff, cGwljZjf;, ;fdflhs e]befj x6fO{ z}lIfs r]tgfdf clej[l4 ug]{ vfnsf sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng u/L ;a}n] k9g kfpg] clwsf/sf] sb/ ug]{ / 5f]/Lx?nfO{ :s'n k7fpg] sfo{df ;dfhnfO{ clek|]l/t ul/g' cfjZos 5 . To;} u/L ef}uf]lns b[li6n] ljs6 / b'u{d If]qx?df ljBfno tyf cGo lzIf0f ;+:yf vf]Ng] sfdnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' / ljkGg ju{sf nflu cfod"ns sfo{qmd tyf pko'St /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ ;[hgf ul/g' cfjZos b]lvG5 . cyjf k|Zg g+= & sf] uBf+znfO{ Ps t[tLof+zdf ;+If]kLs/0f ug'{xf]; M *_ s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -$_ s_ s'g} kj{ ljz]ifsf] pknIodf cfkmgf cfkmGt, tyf ;fyLefOnfO{ lbOg] z'esfdgf kqsf] gd"gf tof/ kfg'{xf]; . v_ tkfOF{sf] cfkmgf] JolQmut ljj/0f tof/ kfg'{xf]; M (_ lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps ljifodf @%) zAb;Ddsf] lgjGw n]Vg'xf]; M -&_ s_ d]/f] ;kgfsf] g]kfn v_ g]kfndf s[lif qmflGtsf] cfjZostf u_ ;~rf/ dfWodsf] dxTj !)_ cfkm"n] u/]sf] s'g} z}lIfs e|0fsf] ljifonfO{ ;d]6L Pp6f k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg'{xf]; M -%_ !!_ s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -$+$=*_ s_ ef]lnsf] g]kfn sljtfn] g]kfnsf] s:tf] eljiosf] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] 5 < k|i6 kfg'{xf]; . v_ ;'v;Qf lgaGwdf k|:t't d'Vo ljifo s] xf] < :ki6 kfg'{xf]; M u_ k5jl/of 6f]n syfsf] d'Vo cfzo s] xf] < rrf{ ug'{xf]; . !@_ s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -^_ s_ ;Qfsf] vf]hdf PsfªsLn] JoQm ug{ vf]h]sf] d'Vo cfzo :ki6 kfg'{xf]; . v_ r'nL pkGof;sf dfWodaf6 pkGof;sf/n] s] s'/f JoQm ug{ vf]h]sf 5g < ;dLIffTds pQ/ n]Vg'xf]; . Best of luck