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Similar to Behat bdd training (php) course slides pdf
Behat bdd training (php) course slides pdf
- 1. Behat and BDDweb training (PHP) 2 days
- 2. Who is thetraining for? • Ideal for testers wanting to gain BDD and automation testing experience • Some programming knowledge required but not essential • Testers involved with website testing • Testers wanting to gain technical skills • PHP programmers and Drupal programmers 2 www.time2test.co.uk
- 3. High level • BDD overview • StepDefinitions • Behat History • Context Class • PHP Versions • Assertions • Installation • Command Line • Quick Usage Reference • Gherkin Language • Features • Mink Web Testing 3 www.time2test.co.uk
- 4. What will youlearn? • Behaviour Driven Development Overview • Behat Overview and configuration • Gherkin Language Explained • Syntax - Givens, Whens, Thens, And, But • Test Data • 4 Command Line usage • Understand Features, Scenarios, Step Definitions Context Class and Assertions • End to End Behat examples • • Mink for web testing www.time2test.co.uk
- 5. schedule Day 1 Day 2 • phpprimer • gherkin • behat background • case studies • mink api 5 www.time2test.co.uk
- 6.
- 7. overview Lets have aquick PHP programming recap 7 www.time2test.co.uk
- 8. syntax PHP tags <?php …?> ! Comments with # 8 www.time2test.co.uk
- 9. variables • All variables leadwith $ Integers $int_var = 12345; • assignments with = operator Doubles $doubles = 3.42 • • Boolean TRUE or FALSE constants variables don’t need to be declared Null $my_var = NULL; no need to specify the type e.g. String or int Strings $string = “This is some text”; 9 www.time2test.co.uk
- 10. Constants • identifier that cannot change • UPPERCASE • define(“NAME”, value); • echo constant(“NAME”); • Magic constants - ___LINE___, ___FILE___ e.t.c 10 www.time2test.co.uk
- 11. Operators • Arithmetic Operators (+, -, *, %, ++, —) • Comparison Operators ( ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=) • Logical operators ( and, or, &&, ||, !) • Assignment operators ( =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %= 11 www.time2test.co.uk
- 12.
- 13. Loops for (initial; condition;increment) { code to be executed; } while ( condition) { code to be executed; } do { code to be executed; } while ( condition); foreach (array as value) { code to be exe; } break continue 13 www.time2test.co.uk
- 14. arrays • numeric arrays -numeric index • associative array - strings used as index • multidimensional array - array of arrays 14 www.time2test.co.uk
- 15. strings • single quotes versusdouble quotes • string concatenation with a . • strlen($mystring) function • strpos($mystring, $searchstring) function 15 www.time2test.co.uk
- 16. File Input/Output • fopen() -open a file • filesize() - file length • fread() - read a file • fclose() - close a file 16 www.time2test.co.uk
- 17. functions • functions • functions with parameters • functionswith return values • functions with default parameters 17 www.time2test.co.uk
- 18. regular expressions • are asequence of pattern of characters • provide pattern matching • POSIX and PERL style matching 18 www.time2test.co.uk
- 19.
- 20. Debugging • missing semicolons • not enoughequal signs • misspelled variable names • missing dollar signs • troubling quotes • missing parentheses and curly brackets • array index 20 www.time2test.co.uk
- 21. date • time() - returnsseconds from 1 jan 1970 • getdate() - returns an associative array • date() - returns formatted string 21 www.time2test.co.uk
- 22. Object Orientated Programming • class • object • member variables • memberfunctions • inheritance • constructors 22 www.time2test.co.uk
- 23. class - $this • $this- is a special variable and it refers to the same object i.e itself 23 www.time2test.co.uk
- 24. objects • using new keyword • $travel= new Books; • call member functions • $travel->setTitle(“travel to london”); • $travel->setPrice(100); 24 www.time2test.co.uk
- 25. constructors • special functions whichare automatically called whenever an object is created/ initialised • __construct() to define a constructor with arguments 25 www.time2test.co.uk
- 26. public, private and protectedmembers • public members are accessible insside, outside and in another the class to which is declared • private members are limited to the class its declared • protected members are limited to the class its declared and extended classes only 26 www.time2test.co.uk
- 27. interfaces • common function namesto implementors who then develop code 27 www.time2test.co.uk
- 28. constants • declared constants cannot change 28 www.time2test.co.uk
- 29. abstract classes • abstract classescan not be instantiated , only inherited 29 www.time2test.co.uk
- 30. static • static members ormethods are accessible without needing an instantiation of the class 30 www.time2test.co.uk
- 31. final • final methods cannot be overdided by child classes 31 www.time2test.co.uk
- 32. parent constructors • sub classescan extend the parent constructors. 32 www.time2test.co.uk
- 33.
- 34. overview • Mac • Windows • Unix • PHP 5 installed • PHPIDE 34 www.time2test.co.uk
- 35. PHP IDEs • Integrated Developmentenvironments • many available -free and paid • Windows or Mac or Linux 35 www.time2test.co.uk
- 36.
- 37. What is BDD? • humanreadable stories • define business outcomes and drill into features • testing framework • Extends TDD - test driven development • Write a test that fails then watch it pass 37 www.time2test.co.uk
- 38. Why BDD? • Deliver whatyou client wants • Better communications and better collaboration • Extends the principles of TDD ( Test Data Driven) testing. 38 www.time2test.co.uk
- 39. Behat History • Behat isthe PHP version of Cucumber • created by Konstantin Kudryashov (@everzet) 39 www.time2test.co.uk
- 40. What does Behatdo? Scenario Step Given I have a file named “foo” regex Given /^I have a file named“([^”$/ Definition public function iHaveAFileNamed($file{ Do some work touch($file) Pass and Fal at each step unless an exception is thrown 40 www.time2test.co.uk
- 41. Good BDD • practice • get intothe zone for creating features and scenarios • for web testing - understand the mink api 41 www.time2test.co.uk
- 42.
- 43. overview • lets jump straightinto an end to end example using Behat and Mink 43 www.time2test.co.uk
- 44. composer • dependency manager forPHP external libraries 44 www.time2test.co.uk
- 45. dependencies • download the dependenciesusing a composer.json file • $php composer.phar install 45 www.time2test.co.uk
- 46. behat —help • $>php bin/behat—help 46 www.time2test.co.uk
- 47. behat.yml • create this fileat root level • settings file • pronounce ( ya-mul ?) 47 www.time2test.co.uk
- 48. initialise project • $>php bin/behat—init • This will create some directories • +d features - place your *.feature files here • +d features/bootstrap - place bootstrap scripts and static files here • Also will create the file FeatureContext.php • +f features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php - place your feature related code here 48 www.time2test.co.uk
- 49. FeatureContext.php • Extend context fromMinkContext instead of the BehatContext 49 www.time2test.co.uk
- 50. Feature Feature: Search In orderto find an article As a website user I need to be able to search for am article 50 www.time2test.co.uk
- 51. Execute Feature ! $bin/behat features/search.feature: • Magichappens and test results shown • Good for headless browser without javascript 51 www.time2test.co.uk
- 52. Selenium • Download selenium serverfrom seleniumhq • run selenium standalone server • java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.38.0.jar • Tag your scenario with @javascript annotation 52 www.time2test.co.uk
- 53. javascript test Run ina browser that supports javascript @javascript 53 www.time2test.co.uk
- 54. javascript execute ! • $bin/behat features/search.feature: • TheFirefox browser is invoked and the test execution is visible 54 www.time2test.co.uk
- 55. implement a newstep execution will conveniently come back with a list of undefined steps • /** * @Given /^I wait for (d+) seconds$/ */ public function iWaitForSeconds($arg1) { throw new PendingException(); } 55 www.time2test.co.uk
- 56. new step definitioncode // copy & paste at features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php ! /** * @Given /^I wait for (d+) seconds$/ */ public function iWaitForSeconds($seconds) { $this->getSession()->wait($seconds*1000); } 56 www.time2test.co.uk
- 57.
- 58. Define a Feature • 4line description • a line describes the feature • three following lines describe the benefit, the role and feature itself 58 www.time2test.co.uk
- 59. Define a Scenario • manyscenarios per feature • three line syntax • Given - describe the initial state • When - action the user takes • And Then - what the user sees after the action 59 www.time2test.co.uk
- 60.
- 61.
- 62. Writing Step Definitions • behatmatches each statement of a scenario to a list of regular expression steps • Behat helps by creating an outline for undefined steps 62 www.time2test.co.uk
- 63. Regular expressions • Behat andMink rely on regex • here is a quick masterclass on regex 63 www.time2test.co.uk
- 64. multi lines • triple quotationsyntax (“””) 64 www.time2test.co.uk
- 65. Directory Structure • behat —init • features • features/bootstrap/*.php files • features/bootstrap/featureContext.php 65 www.time2test.co.uk
- 66.
- 67. Features Explained • features arein a format called Gherkin • each feature file consists of a single feature • each feature will consist of a list of scenarios 67 www.time2test.co.uk
- 68. Step Definitions • written inphp • consists of a keyword, regular expression and a callback • the regex is a method argument 68 www.time2test.co.uk
- 69. Context Class • behat createsa context object for each scenario 69 www.time2test.co.uk
- 70. Assertions with PHPUnit // require_once'PHPUnit/Autoload.php'; require_once 'PHPUnit/Framework/Assert/ Functions.php'; // • assertEquals($numberOfRows, count($elements)); 70 www.time2test.co.uk
- 71. Command Line Usage >>behat—h - help options >>behat —v version >>behat —dl - view the step definitions >>behat —init - setup a features dir and featurecontext.php file 71 www.time2test.co.uk
- 72.
- 73. Overview • common language forbehaviour driven testing 73 www.time2test.co.uk
- 74. Syntax • line orientated language • parserdivides input into features, scenarios and steps. 74 www.time2test.co.uk
- 75. Features • each feature fileconsist of a single feature • keyword feature: and three indented lines 75 www.time2test.co.uk
- 76. Scenarios • each scenario beginswith keyword Scenario: followed by an optional scenario title 76 www.time2test.co.uk
- 77. scenario outlines • template placeholdersfor easy multi input 77 www.time2test.co.uk
- 78. backgrounds • run before eachscenario • background: kewword 78 www.time2test.co.uk
- 79. Steps • features consist ofsteps: given, when, then 79 www.time2test.co.uk
- 80. Given • known state beforethe user or system interacts with the application under test 80 www.time2test.co.uk
- 81. When • user action performedon the system under test 81 www.time2test.co.uk
- 82. Then • observe the outcomeand related to the feature description 82 www.time2test.co.uk
- 83. And, But • Use andand but for elegant and natural reading • not needed but good practice 83 www.time2test.co.uk
- 84. Test Data • Tables usedfor injecting data - different from scenario outlines • PyStrings - used for larger text input across many lines 84 www.time2test.co.uk
- 85. tags • used to organisefeatures and scenarios 85 www.time2test.co.uk
- 86. Mink - WebTesting
- 87. Overview • Mink is anExtension to Behat • Think of a plugin 87 www.time2test.co.uk
- 88. What is Mink? • Standalonelibrary to use PHP to command a browser • API to send commands to Selenium, Goutte, ZombieJS and more • The extension allows for BDD tests to be created without actually writing any PHP code 88 www.time2test.co.uk
- 89. Installation • Update composer.json toinclude • Mink • MinkExtension • Goutter adn Selenium2 drivers for Mink • Then update the vendor libraries ising • $>php composer.phar update 89 www.time2test.co.uk
- 90. MinkExtension • behat.yml is thebehat config file • http://docs.behat.org/guides/7.config.html 90 www.time2test.co.uk
- 91. MinkContext Extension • Gives usaccess to the Mink Session to allow us to send commands to a browser • Inheritance of a pre-existing definitions • Before extending : we have 4 definitions • After extending : there are lots of definitions • Try it: $>php bin/behat -dl 91 www.time2test.co.uk
- 92. wikipedia example • lets lookat a wikipedia example 92 www.time2test.co.uk
- 93. First Example -Mink headless lets look at a headless mink example 93 www.time2test.co.uk
- 94. example - Minkwith Selenium • lets look at a javascript browser example 94 www.time2test.co.uk
- 95.
- 96. Overview • http://mink.behat.org/api/index.html • Lets look atsome common Mink API 96 www.time2test.co.uk
- 97.
- 98.
- 99.
- 100.
- 101.
- 102.
- 103.
- 104. findButton()->click() • having found thebutton element , you wish to click • findButton(‘html-link’)->click(); 104 www.time2test.co.uk
- 105. locatePath() • based on currentsession, now goto the defined path • visit($this->locatePath(‘/user’)); 105 www.time2test.co.uk
- 106. getStatusCode() • return the HTTPstatus code from the current session • $session->getStatusCode(); 106 www.time2test.co.uk
- 107.
- 108.
- 109. Practice • Try out thedifferent mink web emulators • Sublime extension • phantom.js • Symfony • Drupal extension 109 www.time2test.co.uk
- 110.
- 111. Wordpress casestudy • Wordpress BehatMink Context Example 111 www.time2test.co.uk
- 112. case study 2 • Letslook at an example - behat with mink 112 www.time2test.co.uk
- 113. case study 3 • Letslook at an example - behat ,mink , website 113 www.time2test.co.uk
- 114. case study 4 • googlesearch 114 www.time2test.co.uk
- 115.
- 116. case study 6 • featuresmaster class 116 www.time2test.co.uk
- 117. case study 7 • lsexample on unix 117 www.time2test.co.uk
- 118. case study 8 • openscholar project • good established behat mink framework 118 www.time2test.co.uk
- 119. case study 9 • Behat+ Mink demo github 119 www.time2test.co.uk
- 120.
- 121. goals and objectives • Reviewyour goals. • Have we met your expectations? • Email us with your feedback 121 www.time2test.co.uk
- 122. Thank you • From theTime2test Team 122 www.time2test.co.uk