Biodiversity and stability
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This document discusses biodiversity and population ecology. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life forms in an ecosystem. Organisms have economic, ecological, and aesthetic value. They are important for ecosystem balance and provide goods like food, medicine, clothing, and energy. The document also discusses population size, birth and death rates, carrying capacity, and factors that influence populations like resources, natural disasters, competition, predation, and diseases. It notes that the Philippines has high biodiversity but it is threatened by habitat loss and overexploitation of resources.
Biodiversity and stability
- 1. UNIT 3 MODULE 4
- 2. Biodiversity The variety of life forms in a particular ecosystem. Describes how varied living things are in a specific area. Think of a place in your community… Identify organisms that are valuable to your life.
- 3. Organisms are part of biodiversity and may be economically and ecologically valuable. Their products are source of: Food Medicine Clothing Shelter Energy
- 4. Organisms are important in maintaining balance in the ecosystem as they perform their specific roles.
- 5. Direct economic value Their products are sources of food, medicine, clothing, shelter, and energy. (medicines have formulations extracted from plants or animals) Vinblastine and vincristine – are extracted from rosy periwinkle (tsitsirika) and used in chemotherapy for Hodgkin’s disease and some form of cancer, including lymphocytic leukemia. Vitex negundo (lagundi) is extracted for cough syrup production.
- 6. Indirect economic value There are benefits produced by the organism without using them. (Certain species maintain the chemical quality of natural bodies of water, prevent soil erosion and floods, cycle materials in the soil, and absorb pollutants)
- 7. Aesthetic value Provides visual or artistic enjoyment. (Forested landscape or for spiritual meditation like the Prayer Mountains)
- 8. Is important because …. Sustains the flow of energy in the food web on earth and contributes to environmental STABILITY. Can be described as the resilience to withstand changes (result of natural or human activities) that may occur in the environment.
- 9. Population – a group of organisms of the same species that live in a certain area. Ecologists need to know why the number of organisms is increasing or decreasing. Birth rate (natality) – the number of births in a population. Death rate (mortality) – the number of organisms that are dying in a population.
- 10. POPULATION WILL
- 11. POPULATION WILL
- 12. Refers to the number of organisms per unit area.
- 13. The human population is currently growing at an exponential rate. How can this be explained in terms of birth and death rates? The monkey-eating eagle is considered an endangered species. What does this mean in terms of the birth and the death rate of monkey-eating eagles?
- 14. Refers to the number of organisms per unit area.
- 16. Factor that regulates population’s growth and is influenced by population density E.g. when a population reaches a certain size, there won’t be enough resources for all of the organisms. This could cause the population to stop growing when it reaches the maximum number of organisms that can be supported or “carried” by the environment. CARRYING CAPACITY
- 17. Natural disasters, temperature, sunlight, and the activities of humans in the environment.
- 18. When resources are UNLIMITED… When resources are LIMITED…
- 19. Diseases and parasites Competition for resources Predation Emigration
- 20. The Philippines is considered as one of the biologically richest country in the world because of its high biodiversity at various levels… But we have not protected them. Forests are destroyed, natural habitats are lost, coral reefs are damaged, people hunt animals, collect plants, sell corals and exotic animals for livelihood…