Bronchitis
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Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes caused by viruses, bacteria, or other irritants. It can be acute, lasting a few weeks, or chronic, characterized by a long-term productive cough. Symptoms include cough, mucus production, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest discomfort. Treatment depends on the cause but may include antibiotics, cough medicine, bronchodilators, mucolytics, or steroids. Lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and avoiding irritants can help prevention.
Bronchitis
- 2. Bronchitis is inflammation or swelling of the bronchial tubes (bronchi), the air passages between the nose and the lungs. More specifically, bronchitis is when the lining of the bronchial tubes becomes inflamed or infected. Bronchitis is caused by viruses, bacteria, and other particles that irritate the bronchial tubes.
- 3. Accute bronchitis Acute bronchitis is a shorter illness that commonly follows a cold or viral infection, such as the flu Acute bronchitis usually lasts a few days or weeks Chronic bronchitis Chronic bronchitis is characterized by a persistent, mucus-producing cough on most days of the month, three months of a year for two successive years in absence of a secondary cause of the cough.
- 4. Smokers People who are exposed to a lot of secondhand smoke People with weakened immune systems The elderly and infants People with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) People who are exposed to air pollution
- 5. Inflammation or swelling of the bronchi Coughing Production of clear, white, yellow, grey, or green mucus (sputum) Shortness of breath Wheezing Fatigue Fever and chills Chest pain or discomfort Blocked or runny nose
- 6. History collection Physical examination Chest x- rays Sputum cultures Pulmonary function test Spirometer excercises Bronchoscopy
- 7. Antibiotics - these are effective for bacterial infections, but not for viral infections. They may also prevent secondary infections. Cough medicine - one must be careful not to completely suppress the cough, for it is an important way to bring up mucus and remove irritants from the lungs. Bronchodilators - these open the bronchial tubes and clear out mucus.
- 8. Mucolytics - these thin or loosen mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up sputum. Anti-inflammatory medicines and glucocorticoid steroids - these are for more persistent symptoms. Pulmonary rehabilitation program - this includes work with a respiratory therapist to help breathing.
- 9. Ineffective breathing pattern related to shortness breathing ,mucus or broncho constriction. Ineffective airway clearence related to broncho constriction. Self care deficit related to fatigue secondary to increased effort for breathing. Activity intolerence due to fatigue and inffective breathing patterns
- 10. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Assess The Condition Of Patient. Assess The Vital Signs Provide Comfortable Position. Change The Position Periodically. Maintain Personal Hygiene. Use pulse oximetry & Suction. Deep Breathing Exercise Learn To Patient. Refer To Physiotherapist(if Need). Provide Oxygen According To Physician Order. Provide Psychological Support To Patient. Provide Knowledge About Chronic Bronchitis. administer medication according to physician order. Bronchodilators,antibiotics,mucolytics.
- 11. Avoiding tobacco smoke and exposure to second hand smoke Quitting smoking Avoiding people who are sick with colds or the flu Getting a yearly flu vaccine Getting a pneumonia vaccine (especially for those over 60 years of age) Washing hands regularly Avoiding cold, damp locations or areas with a lot of air pollution Wearing a mask around people who are coughing and sneezing
- 12. Asthma Bronchiectasis Tuberculosis Sinusitis