Cell structures and functions
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This document summarizes the key organelles and their functions in plant and animal cells. It describes the nucleus, which contains DNA, and the nucleolus. Ribosomes build proteins throughout the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum acts as an internal transport system, with rough ER adding proteins and smooth ER building lipids. Golgi bodies package and modify materials. Lysosomes break down waste. Mitochondria generate energy. Plants also contain vacuoles for water storage, chloroplasts for photosynthesis, and a cell wall for structure and protection.
Cell structures and functions
- 1. Cell Structures, Functions and Transport
- 2. Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolu s Nucleus Cell Membrane Go to Section:
- 3. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 1. Nucleus Nickname: “The Control Center” Function: holds the DNA Parts: 1. Nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps make ribosomes
- 4. Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Ribosomes Nucleus Cell Membrane Go to Section:
- 5. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 2. Ribosomes Function: makes proteins Found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic
- 6. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Nickname: “Roads” Function: The internal delivery system of the cell
- 7. Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Ribosomes Nucleus Cell Membrane Smooth Rough Endoplasmic Endoplasmic Reticulum Reticulum Go to Section:
- 8. Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 Types: 1. Rough ER: Rough appearance because it has ribosomes Function: helps make proteins, that’s why it has ribosomes 1. Smooth ER: NO ribosomes Function: makes fats or lipids
- 9. Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Ribosomes Nucleus Cell Membrane Smooth Endoplasmic Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Reticulum Golgi Complex Go to Section:
- 10. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 4. Golgi Complex Nickname: The shippers Function: packages, modifies, and transports materials to different location inside/outside of the cell Appearance: stack of pancakes
- 11. Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Ribosomes Nucleus Cell Membrane Smooth Endoplasmic Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Reticulum Golgi Bodies Go to Section:
- 12. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 5. Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes) Nickname: “Clean-up Crews” Function: to break down food into particles the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells
- 13. Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Ribosomes Nucleus Cell Membrane Mitochondria Rough Endoplasmic Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Reticulum Golgi Bodies
- 14. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 6. Mitochondria Nickname: “The Powerhouse” Function: Energy formation Breaks down food to make ATP ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that require energy
- 16. Animal Cell Cytoplasm Nucleolus Ribosomes Nucleus Cell Membrane Mitochondria Rough Endoplasmic Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Reticulum Golgi Bodies
- 17. Now let’s talk about structures only found in PLANT Cells!!
- 18. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Vacuol e Cell Membrane Go to Section:
- 19. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 7. Vacuoles Function: stores water This is what makes lettuce crisp When there is no water, the plant wilts
- 20. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Vacuole Chloroplasts Cell Membrane Go to Section:
- 21. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 8. Chloroplasts Function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment
- 22. Chloroplasts
- 23. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Section 7-2 Vacuole Chloroplasts Cell Membrane Cell Wall Go to Section:
- 24. Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 9. Cell Wall Function: provides support and protection to the cell membrane Found outside the cell membrane in plant cells
- 25. Plant Cell Cytoplasm Vacuole Smooth ER Ribosomes Chloroplasts Cell Membrane Cell Wall Nucleolus Golgi Bodies Nucleus Mitochondria Rough ER
- 26. Comparing Plant and Animal Cells Plant Animal