Chapter 8 Salt part 3
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The document outlines methods for preparing specified salts through various chemical reactions. It discusses using precipitation reactions when salts are insoluble and acid-base reactions when salts contain sodium, ammonium, or potassium ions. The document provides examples of reacting acids with metal oxides, metals, and metal carbonates to produce salts. It also gives guidance on purification techniques like filtration, washing, drying, heating, cooling/crystallization after reactions. Finally, it includes 5 examples of stoichiometric calculations to determine moles, masses or volumes of reactants and products in salt forming reactions.
![EXAMPLE 2:
5.0 g of copper (II) carbonate powder is added
to 50cm3 of 21.9 g dm-3 hydrochloric acid.
Calculate the mass of unreacted copper (II)
carbonate.
[RAM: H, 1 ; C, 12; Cl, 35.5 ; Cu,64]
Ans: 3.14 g CuCO3](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapter8saltpart3-130305012035-phpapp02/85/Chapter-8-Salt-part-3-9-320.jpg)
![EXAMPLE 3:
4.05 g of aluminium oxide powder is mixed
with excess dilute nitric acid and the mixture
is heated. Calculate the mass of aluminium
nitrate produced.
[RAM: N,14; O,16; Al, 27]
Ans: 17.04 g](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapter8saltpart3-130305012035-phpapp02/85/Chapter-8-Salt-part-3-10-320.jpg)
![EXAMPLE 4:
150 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 ammonia solution is
completely neutralised with phosphoric acid
using a titration methode. Calculate the mass
of ammonium phosphate formed.
[RAM: H,1 ; N,14; O,16; P,31]
Ans: 7.45 g](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapter8saltpart3-130305012035-phpapp02/85/Chapter-8-Salt-part-3-11-320.jpg)
![EXAMPLE 5:
What is the volume of 2.0 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid required to dissolved 10 g of
marble ( calcium carbonate)?
[RAM: H,1 ; O,16; C,12; Ca,40]
Ans: 100 cm3](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapter8saltpart3-130305012035-phpapp02/85/Chapter-8-Salt-part-3-12-320.jpg)
Chapter 8 Salt part 3
- 1. NURUL ASHIKIN BT. ABD RAHMAN PART 3
- 2. LEARNING OUTCOMES Design an activity to prepare a specified salt. Construct ionic equations through the continuous variation method. Solve problems involving calculation of quantities of reactants or products in stoichiometric reactions.
- 3. Salt Is the salt NO Use precipitation method soluble? YES It it NAK? Na,NH4+, K YES Acid + Alkali salt + water NO React with: • Acid + metal oxide salt + water • Acid + metal salt + hydrogen gas • Acid + metal carbonate salt + water + carbon dioxide
- 4. Use Precipitation Method • Choose soluble salt solution containing anion and cation insoluble salt. • Mix the two solution. • Filter. • Wash. • Dry the precipitate.
- 5. Acid + Alkali salt + water Titration method Evaporation/Heating Cooling/crystallization Filtration Dry
- 6. React with: • Acid + metal oxide salt + water • Acid + metal salt + hydrogen gas • Acid + metal carbonate salt + water + carbon dioxide Add metallic oxide/metal/carbonate oxide Heating Filtration Recrystallisation
- 7. A balanced chemical equation provide information about the number of moles of each reactant and the product in the reaction.
- 8. EXAMPLE 1: Calculate the number of moles of aluminium sulphate produced by the reaction of 0.5 mol of sulphuric acid with excess aluminium oxide? Ans: 0.167 mol
- 9. EXAMPLE 2: 5.0 g of copper (II) carbonate powder is added to 50cm3 of 21.9 g dm-3 hydrochloric acid. Calculate the mass of unreacted copper (II) carbonate. [RAM: H, 1 ; C, 12; Cl, 35.5 ; Cu,64] Ans: 3.14 g CuCO3
- 10. EXAMPLE 3: 4.05 g of aluminium oxide powder is mixed with excess dilute nitric acid and the mixture is heated. Calculate the mass of aluminium nitrate produced. [RAM: N,14; O,16; Al, 27] Ans: 17.04 g
- 11. EXAMPLE 4: 150 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 ammonia solution is completely neutralised with phosphoric acid using a titration methode. Calculate the mass of ammonium phosphate formed. [RAM: H,1 ; N,14; O,16; P,31] Ans: 7.45 g
- 12. EXAMPLE 5: What is the volume of 2.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid required to dissolved 10 g of marble ( calcium carbonate)? [RAM: H,1 ; O,16; C,12; Ca,40] Ans: 100 cm3