class 2 talking about diffrent sdgs .pdf

class 2 talking about diffrent sdgs .pdf

• 1.
  CSR- CLASS II ❑TOPICSTO COVER: ❑SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ❑DIMENSIONS OF SD ❑MODELS OF SD ❑SD & CORPORATE WORLD: TRADEOFFS
• 2.
  Legal framework inIndia ❑India is the first country in the world to make corporate social responsibility (CSR) mandatory, following an amendment to the Companies Act, 2013 in April 2014. ❑Businesses can invest their profits in areas such as education, poverty, gender equality, and hunger as part of any CSR compliance. ❑Amid the COVID-19 (coronavirus) outbreak, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs has notified that companies’ expenditure to fight the pandemic will be considered valid under CSR activities. ❑ Funds may be spent on various activities related to COVID-19 such as promotion of healthcare including preventive healthcare and sanitation, and disaster management
• 4.
  ❑The amendment notifiedin the Companies Act, 2013 requires companies: with a net worth> INR 5 billion (US$70 million) or more, or an annual turnover> INR 10 billion (US$140 million) or net profit> INR 50 million (US$699,125) →spend 2% of their avg net profits of three years on CSR. ❑Prior to that, the CSR clause was voluntary for companies, though it was mandatory to disclose their CSR spending to shareholders. ❑If not spent– clauses are there
• 5.
  These guidelines urgebusinesses to actualize the principles in letter and spirit. These principles are: • Businesses should conduct and govern themselves with integrity in a manner that is Ethical, Transparent and Accountable • Businesses should provide goods and services in a manner that is sustainable and safe • Businesses should respect and promote the well-being of all employees, including those in their value chains • Businesses should respect the interests of and be responsive to all their stakeholders • Businesses should respect and promote human rights • Businesses should respect and make efforts to protect and restore the environment • Businesses, when engaging in influencing public and regulatory policy, should do so in a manner that is responsible and transparent • Businesses should promote inclusive growth and equitable development • Businesses should engage with and provide value to their consumers in a responsible manner
• 6.
  • Activities whichmay be included by companies in their Corporate Social Responsibility Policies Activities relating to:— • (i) eradicating hunger, poverty and malnutrition, promoting health care including preventive health and sanitation [Including contribution to the Swatch Bharat Kosh set-up by the Central Government for the promotion of sanitation] and making available safe drinking water; • (ii) promoting education, including special education and employment enhancing vocation skills especially among children, women, elderly, and the differently abled and livelihood enhancement projects; • (iii) promoting gender equality, empowering women, setting up homes and hostels for women and orphans; setting up old age homes, day care centres and such other facilities for senior citizens and measures for reducing inequalities faced by socially and economically backward groups; • (iv) ensuring environmental sustainability, ecological balance, protection of flora and fauna, animal welfare, agroforestry, conservation of natural resources and maintaining quality of soil, air and water 4 [including contribution to the Clean Ganga Fund set-up by the Central Government for rejuvenation of river Ganga]; • (v) protection of national heritage, art and culture including restoration of buildings and sites of historical importance and works of art; setting up public libraries; promotion and development of traditional arts and handicrafts;
• 8.
  RELIANCE INDUSTRIES: Newsheadline s: Reliance planted mangroves on875 acres in FY 2020-21, 2.3+ Crore Saplings -announced the Company’s target to turn Net Carbon Zero by 2035. -considers the Net Carbon Zero target as its moral responsibility to protect the earth
• 9.
  HDFC BANK
• 10.
  • ITC Group,a conglomerate with business interests across hotels, FMCG, agriculture, IT, and packaging sectors has been focusing on creating sustainable livelihood and environment protection programs. • The company has been able to generate sustainable livelihood opportunities for 6 Million people through its CSR activities. • Their e-Choupal program, which aims to connect rural farmers through the internet for procuring agriculture products, covers 40,000 villages and over four million farmers. It’s social and farm forestry program assists farmers in converting wasteland to pulpwood plantations. • Social empowerment programs through micro-enterprises or loans have created sustainable livelihoods for over 40,000 rural women. ITC Group
• 12.
  ❑The Tata Groupconglomerate in India carries out various CSR projects, most of which are community improvement and poverty alleviation programs. ❑Through self-help groups, it has engaged in women empowerment activities, income generation, rural community development, and other social welfare programs. ❑In the field of education, the Tata Group provides scholarships and endowments for numerous institutions. ❑The group also engages in healthcare projects, such as the facilitation of child education, immunization, and creation of awareness of AIDS. ❑ Other areas include economic empowerment through agriculture programs, environment protection, providing sports scholarships, and infrastructure development, such as hospitals, research centers, educational institutions, sports academy, and cultural centers.
• 14.
  Ultratech cement ❑Ultratech Cement,India’s biggest cement company is involved in social work across 407 villages in the country aiming to create sustainability and self-reliance. ❑Its CSR activities focus on healthcare and family welfare programs, education, infrastructure, environment, social welfare, and sustainable livelihood. ❑The company has organized medical camps, immunization programs, sanitization programs, school enrollment, plantation drives, water conservation programs, industrial training, and organic farming programs.
• 15.
  • Mahindra &Mahindra • Indian automobile manufacturer Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M) established the K. C. Mahindra Education Trust in 1954, followed by Mahindra Foundation in 1969 with the purpose of promoting education. The company primarily focuses on education programs to assist economically and socially disadvantaged communities. • Its CSR programs invest in scholarships and grants, livelihood training, healthcare for remote areas, water conservation, and disaster relief programs. M&M runs programs such as Nanhi Kali focusing on education for girls, Mahindra Pride Schools for industrial training, and Lifeline Express for healthcare services in remote areas.
• 17.
  SUSTAINABILITY • World Commissionon Environment and Development (WCED) launched the concept of sustainable development to illustrate new schemes orientated to economic, social and ecological benefits. Sustainable development can be defined as “The development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” • Sustainability can be defined as “the expectations of improving the social and environmental performance of the present generation without comprising the ability of future generations to meet their social and environmental needs” (Hart & Milsten, 2003). • Sustainability was cited in various ways in literature based on the source, however the core concept always refers to the society and the environment.
• 18.
  • Why dowe need a framework for sustainability? • Many businesses are struggling to understand the vast array of issues that are coming their way. • FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABILITY • It provides a simple way of understanding the full range of seemingly unrelated subjects, which can be handy if you’re a busy Chief Executive. • Climate change, poverty, resource depletion, peak oil, overfishing – not only does the list seem to be growing, but the items on it seem to get more complex and strange by the minute. • That’s why a framework can be handy.
• 19.
  SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT GOALS •The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in 1972 • In 1987, 1992. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development • The United Nations Millennium Summit in 2000: New York. The representatives of 189 countries adopted the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) with the development and elimination of extreme poverty as the focus, including 8 key areas and 21 operational targets • September 2015: more than 150 heads of state and government participated in New York. • adopted “Transforming our World — the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”. • The agenda set out the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), covering 17 focus areas and 169 specific targets. • Compared to MDGs, SDGs changed the traditional concept of development fundamentally. Besides solely pursuing economic growth, SDGs put forward the concept of inclusive growth and SD featuring coordinated economic, social, and environmental development.
• 20.
  SDG
• 21.
  3 P FRAMEWORKOF SUSTAINABILITY • Three fundamental factors (People, Planet, and Profit (the three P’s)) associated with the TBL construct can be accounted as the dimensions of sustainability. • Sustainability of any process, thus, bank upon the economic, social, and environmental pillars as shown in Figure 1 • If any of these pillars is weak then the process cannot be considered a sustainable practice. • The interlocking circles indicate that these three dimensions should be integrated in a way to be able to maintain balance between all the factors (IUCN, 2005). • It is observed that even most of the distinguished organizations focus on only one dimension at a time. • United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), the environmental protection agencies (EPA) of many nations, and environmental NGOs focus only on the environmental pillar. • On the other hand, the primary focus area of The World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) centred on economic growth. • It is difficult to include all the three pillars in one process, still efforts should be made in this direction for the continuance of natural resources indefinitely in future.
• 23.
  Case study on SD
• 24.
  • Imagine yourselfon a small, sun- drenched island called Y. • The turquoise water laps gently against the shore, swaying colorful fishing boats anchored nearby. • Lush greenery covers the island, and the air is filled with the cacophony of exotic birds. • This is a place where generations of families have lived in harmony with nature, their lives deeply intertwined with the vibrant coral reef teeming with life just offshore.
• 25.
  For as longas anyone on BLUE ISLAND can remember, the reef has been the heart of their existence. Tourists, drawn by the reef's breathtaking beauty, would snorkel amongst the coral gardens, marveling at the dazzling array of marine life. Fishermen like RAM, weathered and strong, would return daily with nets overflowing with colorful fish. The women would gather by the shore, their laughter echoing as they cleaned and prepared the catch for market. BLUE ISLAND thrived – a testament to the delicate balance between human needs and the health of the ecosystem.
• 26.
  But lately, adark cloud has settled over BLUE ISLAND The once-abundant fish are becoming harder to find. The vibrant coral that used to shimmer beneath the waves is now bleached and lifeless in patches. RAM returns with barely enough fish to feed his family, and the playful chatter of tourists has been replaced by a worried silence. The reason? Pollution from a nearby large-scale shrimp farming operation has taken its toll.
• 27.
  • The shrimpfarms, driven by high production demands, release excessive nutrients and chemicals into the water. • This nutrient overload disrupts the delicate balance of the reef ecosystem, leading to algal blooms and coral bleaching. • The once-thriving coral dies, leaving behind a barren wasteland devoid of the marine life that sustained BLUE ISLAND for generations.
• 28.
  •GROUP DISCUSSION: •Divide theclass into groups, each representing a stakeholder group •(villagers, shrimp farm owners, tourists, government). • Each group brainstorms the impacts (positive or negative) of the current situation on their assigned stakeholder group. •Groups present their findings to the class, creating a comprehensive picture of how different stakeholders are affected. •Discussion on potential conflicts and how to find solutions that address the needs of all stakeholders. • Discussion on the trade-offs involved and the challenges of implementing sustainable practices within an industry focused on short-term profits.
• 29.
  • The FiveCapitals Model provides a basis for understanding sustainability in terms of the economic concept of wealth creation or ‘capital’. • Any organisation will use five types of capital to deliver its products or services. • A sustainable organisation will maintain and where possible enhance these stocks of capital assets, rather than deplete or degrade them. • The model allows business to broaden its understanding of financial sustainability by allowing business to consider how wider environmental and social issues can affect long-term profitability. • Building a vision and links to existing policies • The Five Capitals Model can be used to allow organisations to develop a vision of what sustainability looks like for its own operations, products and services. • The vision is developed by considering what an organisation needs to do in order to maximise the value of each capital. • However, an organisation needs to consider the impact of its activities on each of the capitals in an integrated way in order to avoid ‘trade-offs’. • Using the model in this way for decision-making can lead to more sustainable outcome Basic understanding of SD: Five Capitals Model
• 30.
  ❑ Natural capital(also environmental/ ecological capital) is the natural resources (energy and matter) and processes needed by organisations to produce their products and deliver their services. ❑ 1. Natural Capital What is it? ❑ All organisations rely on natural capital to some degree and have an environmental impact. All organisations consume energy and create waste. Organisations need to be aware of the limits to our use of the natural environment, and operate within the Boundary ❑ consumption of natural capital is usually irreversible (for instance species extinction is irreversible) Forest/ ocean: This includes sinks that absorb, neutralise or recycle wastes Grain, timber, fish, water climate regulation, carbon cycle ❑ Why it is important to organisations
• 31.
  ❑• Substitute naturallyscarce materials with those that are more abundant. ❑• Ensure that all mined materials are used efficiently w systematically reduce dependence on fossil fuels use renewable resources instead. Eliminate the cyclic systems and – ❑• where possible. use substances and products in nature – subs persistent and unnatural compounds with substances that can be easily assimilated broken down by natural systems. Eliminate waste, re-use or recycle ❑• Protect biodiversity and eco-system functions. ❑• Use renewable resources only from well-manag and restorative eco-systems ❑ Ways organisations can maintain and enhance natural capital
• 32.
  ❑ Human capitalincorporates the health, knowledge, skills, intellectual outputs, motivation and capacity for relationships of the individual. ❑ Human Capital is also about joy, passion, empathy and spirituality. ❑ 2.Human Capital ❑ Why it is important to organisations ❑ Organisations depend on individuals to function – they need a healthy, motivated and skilled workforce, for instance. ❑ Intellectual capital and knowledge management is increasingly recognised as a key intangible creator of wealth. ❑ Damaging human capital by abuse of human or labour rights or compromising health and safety has direct, as well as reputational costs
• 33.
  ❑• Give employeesaccess to training, development and life long learning and capture and sharing knowledge. ❑• Respect human rights throughout its operations and geographical regions. ❑• Understand and respect human values and their different cultural contexts. ❑• Ensure adequate health and safety arrangements, incorporating physical and mental wellbeing ❑ • Use health promotion and education to support a high standard of health. ❑• Provide a reasonable living wage and fair remuneration for employees and business partners. ❑• Create opportunities for varied and satisfying work. ❑• Allow for and enhance recreation time and support individuals’ active involvement in societ ❑ Ways that an organisation can enhance its human capital
• 34.
  ❑ Social capitalis any value added to the activities and economic outputs of an organisation by human relationships, partnerships and co-operation. ❑ For example networks, communication channels, families, communities, businesses, trade unions, schools and voluntary organisations as well as social norms, values and trust. ❑3. Social Capital ❑ Organisations rely on social relationships and interactions to achieve their objectives. ❑ Internally: social capital takes the form of shared values, trust, communications and shared cultural norms which enable people to work cohesively and so enable the organisation to operate effectively. ❑ Externally: Social structures help create a climate of consent, or a licence to operate, in which trade and the wider functions of society are possible. ❑ Organisations also rely on wider socio / political structures to create a stable society in which to operate: e.g. Government and public services, effective legal systems, trade unions and other organisations. ❑ Why is it important to an organisation
• 35.
  ❑• Provide safe,supportive living and working conditions, including family friendly policies. ❑• Source materials ethically and treat suppliers, customers and citizens fairly. ❑ • Respect and comply with local, national and international law. ❑• Prompt and full payment of taxes and support of social infrastructure. ❑• Effective communication systems throughout the organisation, reflecting shared values and objectives. ❑• Minimisation of the negative social impacts of products and services ❑• Support the development of the community in which the organisation operates, including economic opportunities). ❑• Contribute to open, transparent and fair governance systems. ❑ Ways an organisation can enhance social capital
• 36.
  ❑ Manufactured capitalis material goods and infrastructure owned, leased or controlled by an organisation that contribute to production or service provision, but do not become part of its output. ❑ The main components include buildings, infrastructure (transport networks, communications, waste disposal systems) and technologies (from simple tools and machines to IT and engineering). ❑ 4. Manufactured capital ❑ Manufactured capital is important for a sustainable organisation in two ways. 1 the efficient use of manufactured capital enables an organisation to be flexible, innovative and increase the speed to market of its products and services. 2 manufactured capital and technology can be used to reduce resource use and enhance both efficiency and sustainability ❑ Why it is important to organisations
• 37.
  ❑ • Usinginfrastructure, technologies and processes in a way that uses resources most efficiently. ❑ • Modular manufacturing systems. ❑ • Product to service shifts, for example leasing products on a continual service contract rather than a sell and forget approach. ❑ • Reverse logistics and re-use and remanufacturing systems. ❑ • Zero-waste and zero emissions production systems. ❑ • Industrial ecology – looking at synergistic production systems where one organisation’s waste streams are another’s resources. ❑ • Bio mimicry – mimicking nature and natural processes in industrial processes and industrial systems design. ❑ • Improvements in product systems (ecoefficiency and eco-innovation). ❑ • Sustainable construction techniques when looking at new infrastructure or offices. ❑ Ways an organisation can enhance manufactured capital
• 38.
  ❑ Those assetsof an organisation that exist in a form of currency that can be owned or traded, including (but not limited to) shares, bonds and banknotes. Financial capital (shares, bonds, notes and coin) reflects the productive power of the other types of capital. ❑ 5. Financial Capital What is it? ❑ Why it is important to organisations ❑ This is the traditional primary measure of business performance and success (the “single bottom line”) in terms of reporting performance to shareholders, investors, regulators and government. ❑ Sustainable organisations need a clear understanding of how financial value is created, in particular the dependence on other forms of capital. ❑ For measures of financial capital to truly reflect the value of other forms of capital, organisations must understand the importance of a number of other factors and how to assign financial importance to them (see below).
• 39.
  ❑ • Ensurefinancial measures reflect the value of other capitals. ❑ • Value intangible assets such as brand and reputation. ❑ • Internalise environmental and social costs and assigning an economic value to them. ❑ • Effective management of risk and corporate governance issues. ❑ • Demonstrate a positive stance on, and management of, sustainability issues to improve access to financial capital. ❑ • Ensure the wealth created is fairly distributed. ❑ • Honour relationships with suppliers and customers/citizens. ❑ • Assess the wider economic impacts of the organisations activities, products and services on society e.g. in creating wealth in the communities in which the organisation operates ❑ Ways an organisation can enhance financial capital
• 40.
  Human-centric view NATURAL CAPITALCAN BE REPLACED BY MANUFACTURED CAPITAL The only thing that matters is the total value of the aggregate stock of capital, which should be at least maintained or ideally increased for the sake of future generations NATURAL CAPITAL+ MANUFACTURED CAPITAL = TOTAL CAPITAL SHOULD BE HIGH WEAK SUSTAINABILITY
• 41.
  ABSURDLY STRONG SUSTAINABILITY STRICKLYNATURE-ORIENTED view BELIEVES NATURAL CAPITAL CANNOT BE REPLACED BY MANUFACTURED CAPITAL EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL CAPITAL SHOULD BE AVOIDED. EARTH BELONGS EQUALLY TO MEN, ANIMAL AND PLANTS ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLD IS VERY IMPORTANT
• 42.
  STRONG SUSTAINABILITY BALANCED NATURE-ORIENTEDview NATURAL CAPITAL IS REQUIRED TO PRODUCE MANUFACTURED CAPITAL HOWEVER, NATURAL CAPITAL SHOULD BE USED PRUDENTLY. ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLD IS VERY IMPORTANT PROGRESS WITHOUT COMPROMISING NATURE strong sustainability demonstrate that natural capital cannot be viewed as a mere stock of resources. Rather natural capital is a set of complex systems consisting of evolving biotic and abiotic elements that interact in ways that determine the ecosystem’s capacity to provide human society directly and/or indirectly with a wide array of functions and services. The proponents of strong sustainability invoke several reasons to demonstrate the nonsubstitutability of natural capital.
• 43.
  SD AND BUSINESSCHALLENGES