Concrete block

Concrete block

• 1.
  PRESENTATION ON TYPES OFCONCRETE COURCE TEACHER : FARJANA RAHMAN SUBJECT : CONSTRUCTION WORKSHOP NAME : KAMRUL HASSAN ID : 05505622
• 2.
  What is concrete????? Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement which hardens over time. Most use of the term "concrete" refers to Portland cement concrete or to concretes made with other hydraulic cements, such as cement foundation.
• 3.
  TYPES OF CONCRETE 1.Modernconcrete 2.High-strength concrete 3.Stamped concrete 4.High-performance concrete 5.Ultra-high-performance concrete 6.Micro-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete 7.Self-consolidating concrete 8.Vacuum concrete 9.Shotcrete 10.Limecrete 11.Pervious concrete 12.Cellular concrete 13.Glass concrete 14.Asphalt concrete 15.Rapid strength concrete 16.Rubberized concrete 17.Polymer concrete
• 4.
  TYPES OF CONCRETEWALL 1.Precast Walls 2.Poured Walls 3. Block Walls 4. Block Walls 5. Stucco Walls 6. Stamped Walls 7. Colored Walls 8. Concrete retaining walls
• 5.
  Precast concrete isa construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or "form“ which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site and lifted into place. ADVANTAGE : In contrast, standard concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on site. Use: façade Precast concrete
• 6.
  2.Poured Walls Poured concretewalls can be used for a foundation, retaining wall or decorative wall. First the forms need to be put up and reinforced for the liquefied concrete to be poured into. For smaller jobs, concrete can be mixed in a small portable mixer or even in tubs or pails. For larger walls and foundations, the concrete is usually trucked in for pouring. You need to do this in weather that is conducive to the curing and setting of concrete USE : foundation, retaining wall or decorative wall DISADVANTAGE :This type of wall is expensive and time consuming to construct.
• 7.
  3. Block Walls Concreteblock walls can be used for foundations and retaining and decorative walls also. They come in different shapes and sizes for different jobs and designs. These blocks are pre-made in a factory and shipped to the site where the wall will be built. The wall is constructed in a brick-laying fashion, with mortar put between blocks. ADVANTAGE :This type of concrete wall is one of the more inexpensive and less time consuming ways to build a wall. USE : foundations and retaining and decorative walls also.
• 8.
  5. Stucco Walls Astucco concrete wall is a thin layer of concrete that goes over an existing wall. This not only allows for coverage of cracks and chips, but it also adds texture to the wall. This is an inexpensive way of giving a wall the look of concrete. The stucco material can be put on in patterns that swirl, crisscross or go straight up and down. USE :over an existing wall ADVANTAGE : This type of material is easy to work with and can withstand the coldest and hottest of weather.
• 9.
  Stamped concrete wallsare becoming popular. The stamping is done using the poured concrete technique, with the forms molding the concrete in the shapes of stones or masonry patterns instead of as smooth panels. The resultant wall can look remarkably like stone or brick, which adds a natural rustic look to the wall you are constructing. 6. Stamped Walls USE : poured concrete technique ADVANTAGE :This technique is less expensive and takes less time than building a stone or masonry wall.
• 10.
  7. Colored Walls •Coloredconcrete walls are available in all the poured concrete techniques and some of the pre-made panels. This works especially well with the stamped concrete in the shapes of stones, giving them a more realistic coloring. Many colors are available in addition to the options for the natural colors of stone and brick. ADVANTAGE :This coloring technique allows you to deviate from the plain chalky look of traditional concrete. USE ; pre-made panels.
• 11.
  8. Concrete retainingwalls ADVANTAGE : Many codes require a permit for any structure that holds back what amounts to thousands of pounds of earth, and most limit the height of an amateur-built retaining wall to 3 feet.
• 12.
  ADVANTAGE OF CONCRETEWALL •providing functional support for keeping soil in place, •preventing sink holes and eliminating the eye sore of dirt piles and hills •helpful in preventing flooding •reduces maintenance and prevents erosion •prevent damage to property or surrounding structure
• 13.
  Solid blocks: Length: 40cm(half blocks: 20cm) Height: 20cm Width: 8/10/15/20cm High compressive strength, resistance to weathering, impact and abrasion Capability of being molded into components of any shape and size Good fire resistance up to about 400°C Rapid construction Very good stability
• 14.
  Hollow blocks: Can bemade larger than solid blocks Are lighter in weight n Construction of walls is easy and quick The voids can be filled with steel bars and concrete, achieving high earthquake resistance The air space provides good thermal insulation The cavities can be used for electrical installation and plumbing uses the sizes 14,5 x 29 x 14cm, 14,5 x 14,5 x 14cm (width x length x height)
• 15.
  Cellular block Blocks whichcontain one or more formed voids do not fully penetrate the block.
• 16.
  Special block Blocks whichare designed and manufactured for a special purpose and which have a shape and size which varies from slandered
• 17.
  TYPES OF MASONRYCONCRETE BOLCKS Dense masonry aggregate blocks Lightweight masonry aggregate blocks Aerated masonry concrete or ‘aircrete’ blocks Honeycomb clay masonry (Ziegel) blocks Hemp masonry blocks Unfired clay masonry blocks insulated concrete form (ICF) masonry blocks
• 18.
  Dense aggregate block Typicalthermal conductivity: 0.70 – 1.28 W/mK ADVANTAGE : Durable Reusable, particularly where lime mortars have been used High thermal mass High strength Products available with recycled aggregate DISADVANTAGE : Use of virgin aggregates and sand causes land or marine degradation and resource depletion Non-renewable materials Use of cement contributes to global warming Poor insulating properties Use : wall , garden boundary •Steps •Landscaping Garden Beds •Curbing and Edging •Concrete Block Home
• 19.
  Lightweight aggregate block •Typical thermal conductivity: 0.25 - 0.60 W/mK ADVANTAGE : Moderate thermal mass, but higher than air Crete Makes use of secondary aggregates Good insulating properties Durable, Reusable, particularly where lime mortar has been used Good workability Products available with recycled aggregate DISADVANTAGE ; Use of virgin clay causes land degradation and resource depletion High embodied energy involved in the production of some aggregates Use of cement contributes to global warming USED : FAÇADE, ROOF, SHARE WALL
• 20.
  Aerated concrete or‘air Crete’ block Typical thermal conductivity: 0.09 - 0.20 W/mK ADVANTAGE : Moderate thermal mass Uses industrial waste (PFA) as a prime constituent Very good insulating properties Based on volume, aerated blocks contain around 25% less embodied energy than other concrete blocks Good workability Lighter weight saves energy in transportation Reasonable sound absorption properties Reusable if dismantled carefully, particularly if lime mortar has been used DISADVANTAGE : Non-renewable materials Prone to impact damage Use of aluminium adds embodied carbon Use of cement contributes to global warming •USE :Steps •Landscaping Garden Beds •Concrete Block Home
• 21.
  Alternatives to concrete Honeycombclay block • Typical thermal conductivity: 0.10 W/mK ADVANTAGE : Moderate - good thermal mass Good insulating properties Recyclable Reusable if dismantled carefully, particularly if lime mortar has been used Jointing system reduces thermal bridging Lower embodied energy than concrete blocks T&G vertical dry jointing reduces the quantity of mortar required Enables rapid construction when using experienced block layers
• 22.
  DISADVANTAGE : Clay extractioncauses land degradation Non renewable material Laying method might be unfamiliar to most block layers Block dimensions are not UK modular Vulnerable to damage from following-on trades Doesn’t allow for use with standard steel and concrete lintels Imported blocks add transportation to the embodied energy Use : façade for ventilation •Siding •Veneer •Homes •Commercial Properties •Paving Applications •Steps •Landscaping Garden Beds •Curbing and Edging •Concrete Block Home
• 23.
  Hemp block Thermal conductivity:0.36 (structural) and 0.11 (thermal) W/mK ADVANTAGE : Hemp is a renewable material Very good insulating properties High thermal mass ‘Carbon negative’ through sequestration of CO2 during plant growth Reusable if dismantled carefully Recyclable Biodegradable Hygroscopic – provides a degree of humidity control Lightweight DISADVANTAGE: Use of cement contributes to global warming Use of aluminum in the binder adds to embodied energy Relatively untested USE : MEDIUM BONDING FOR SAFTY
• 24.
  Unfired clay block Typicalthermal conductivity: 0.21 – 0.95 W/mK ADVANTAGE : Very low embodied energy Reusable if dismantled carefully. Recyclable Biodegradable (returns to soil) High thermal mass Can be used to stabilize internal humidity Can be used to stabilize internal humidity Good sound reduction DISADVANTAGE : Non-renewable materials Clay extraction causes land degradation Generally unsuitable for load-bearing applications Adding gypsum complicates end-of-life disposal Poor availability •USE : Siding •Veneer •Homes •Commercial Properties •Paving Applications
• 25.
  Insulated concrete form(ICF) blocks Typical thermal conductivity of form material: 0.083 W/mK ADVNTAGE : 80% post-consumer recycled wood waste Includes renewable material Enables rapid construction Very good insulating properties DISADVANTAGE : Use of cement contributes to global warming De-coupled thermal mass •USE : •Siding •Veneer •Homes •Landscaping Garden Beds •Curbing and Edging
• 26.
  THANK YOU