Connor McDonald 11g for developers

NOTE

itty bitty fonts in this
presentation

SQL> exec sample_font

Can you read this ?
1

Connor McDonald
OracleDBA

co.uk

2

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

11g 11.1.0.7 11.2
11g
desupported

management
visibility

11.1.0.6

"why bother?"
(part 2)

9

there's a lot in 11g !

12

some cool things....

14

some not so cool things....

15

"11g is now production"

16

coolness barometer

20

first impressions

21

ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied

23

ORA-28000: the account is locked

24

case sensitive passwords

25

default profile tightened

26

password complexity

27

snippets #1:

sqlplus BLOBS

31

SQL> select PASSPORT_PHOTO
2 from PERSON
3 where surname = 'MCDONALD'
4 /
SP2-0678: Column type can not be displayed by SQL*Plus

33

SQL> select PASSPORT_PHOTO
2 from PERSON
3 where surname = 'MCDONALD'
4 /

MUGSHOT_BLOB
-----------------------------------------------------
D0CF11E0A1B11AE1000000000000000000000000000000003E000
02300000001000000FEFFFFFF0000000020000000

34

snippets #2:

sqlplus error logging

35

SQL> set errorlogging on

36


SQL> desc SPERRORLOG

Name Type
------------------------------------- ----------------
USERNAME VARCHAR2(256)
TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP(6)
SCRIPT VARCHAR2(1024)
IDENTIFIER VARCHAR2(256)
MESSAGE CLOB
STATEMENT CLOB

37

SQL> select * from THE_WRONG_NAME;
select * from THE_WRONG_NAME
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

SQL> desc THE_WRONG_NAME;

ERROR:
ORA-04043: object THE_WRONG_NAME does not exist

SQL> grant execute on P to NOT_A_USER;

grant execute on P to NOT_A_USER
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01917: user or role 'NOT_A_USER' does not exist

38

SQL> select timestamp, message, statement
2 from SPERRORLOG;

TIMESTAMP
-----------------------------------------------------
MESSAGE
-----------------------------------------------------
STATEMENT
-----------------------------------------------------
01-APR-08 02.29.58.000000 PM
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
select * from THE_WRONG_NAME

01-APR-08 02.29.58.000000 PM
ORA-04043: object THE_WRONG_NAME does not exist
desc THE_WRONG_NAME;

01-APR-08 02.30.04.000000 PM
ORA-01917: user or role "NOT_A_USER" does not exist
grant execute on P to NOT_A_USER

39

SQL> @create_all_objects

installation scripts

works on 10g too…
40

snippets #3:

sqlplus transaction safety

41

SQL> set exitcommit

43

snippets #4:

dbms_utility.get_sql_hash

44

SQL> select hash_value
2 from v$sql
3 where sql_text = 'SELECT 99 FROM DUAL';

HASH_VALUE
----------
835694897

45

SQL> declare
2 h1 raw(16);
3 h2 number; = 835694897
4 n int;
5 begin
6 n :=
7 dbms_utility.get_sql_hash(
8 'SELECT 99 FROM DUAL'||chr(0) ,h1,h2);
9 dbms_output.put_line(h1);
10 end;
11 /
F1D44D227DC0C4E0C719280B31B1CF31
31B1CF31

46

snippets #5:

listagg

47

classical problem

48

SQL> select deptno, ename
2 from emp
3 order by 1,2;

DEPTNO ENAME
---------- ----------
10 CLARK
10 KING
10 MILLER
20 ADAMS
20 FORD
20 JONES
20 SCOTT
20 SMITH
30 ALLEN
30 BLAKE
30 JAMES
30 MARTIN
30 TURNER
30 WARD

49

DEPTNO MEMBERS
---------- -------------------------------------
10 CLARK,KING,MILLER
20 SMITH,JONES,SCOTT,ADAMS,FORD
30 ALLEN,WARD,MARTIN,BLAKE,TURNER,JAMES

50

SQL> select deptno , rtrim(ename,',') enames
2 from ( select deptno,ename,rn
3 from emp
4 model
5 partition by (deptno)
6 dimension by (
7 row_number() over
8 (partition by deptno order by ename) rn
9 )
10 measures (cast(ename as varchar2(40)) ename)
11 rules
12 ( ename[any]
13 order by rn desc = ename[cv()]||','||ename[cv()+1])
14 )
15 where rn = 1
16 order by deptno;

DEPTNO ENAMES
---------- ----------------------------------------
20 ADAMS,FORD,JONES,SCOTT,SMITH
30 ALLEN,BLAKE,JAMES,MARTIN,TURNER,WARD

- Rob Van Wijk 51

SQL> select deptno,
2 substr(max(sys_connect_by_path(ename, ',')), 2) members
3 from (select deptno, ename,
4 row_number ()
5 over (partition by deptno order by empno) rn
6 from emp)
7 start with rn = 1
8 connect by prior rn = rn - 1
9 and prior deptno = deptno
10 group by deptno
11 /

DEPTNO MEMBERS
---------- ---------------------------------------------------------

- Anon 52

SQL> select deptno,
2 xmltransform
3 ( sys_xmlagg
4 ( sys_xmlgen(ename)
5 ),
6 xmltype
7 (
8 '<?xml version="1.0"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
9 xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
10 <xsl:template match="/">
11 <xsl:for-each select="/ROWSET/ENAME">
12 <xsl:value-of select="text()"/>;</xsl:for-each>
13 </xsl:template>
14 </xsl:stylesheet>'
15 )
16 ).getstringval() members
17 from emp
18 group by deptno;

DEPTNO MEMBERS
---------- --------------------------------------------------------
10 CLARK;MILLER;KING;
20 SMITH;FORD;ADAMS;SCOTT;JONES;
30 ALLEN;JAMES;TURNER;BLAKE;MARTIN;WARD;
- Laurent Schneider 53

SQL> create or replace type string_agg_type as object
2 (
3 total varchar2(4000),
4
5 static function
6 ODCIAggregateInitialize(sctx IN OUT string_agg_type )
7 return number,
8
9 member function
10 ODCIAggregateIterate(self IN OUT string_agg_type ,
11 value IN varchar2 )
12 return number,
13
14 member function
15 ODCIAggregateTerminate(self IN string_agg_type,
16 returnValue OUT varchar2,
17 flags IN number)
18 return number,
19
20 member function
21 ODCIAggregateMerge(self IN OUT string_agg_type,
22 ctx2 IN string_agg_type)
23 return number
24 );
25 /
- Tom Kyte 54

SQL> select deptno,
2 listagg( ename, ',')
3 within group (order by empno) members
4 from emp
5 group by deptno;

DEPTNO MEMBERS
---------- -----------------------------------------

56

Feature:

real time sql monitoring

57

select e.department_id, sum(salary)
from emp e,
job_hist j
where e.employee_id = j.employee_id
and extract(year from e.hire_date) > 1985
and j.end_date > j.start_date + 1
and j.start_date >= e.hire_date
group by e.department_id

59

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 36M| 2742M| | 10998 (48)|
| 1 | HASH GROUP BY | | 36M| 2742M| | 10998 (48)|
|* 2 | HASH JOIN | | 36M| 2742M| 3728K| 9137 (37)|
|* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| JOB_HIST | 88761 | 2687K| | 147 (3)|
|* 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 877K| 40M| | 3028 (2)|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

61

SQL> select
2 DBMS_SQLTUNE.REPORT_SQL_MONITOR(
3 sql_id=>'d3ncuxj7629bf',
4 report_level=>'ALL',
5 type=>'HTML') as report
6 from dual;

63

Feature:

statistics enhancements

67
67

cardinality is everything

70
70

same with Oracle

71
71

some real(ish) data

72
72

SQL> desc VEHICLE

Name Null? Type
-------------------------- -------- -------------
ID NUMBER
MAKE VARCHAR2(6)
MODEL VARCHAR2(6)

SQL> select count(*)
2 from VEHICLE;

COUNT(*)
------------
2,157,079

73
73

default stats not enough

74
74

2 from VEHICLE
3 where MAKE = 'HOLDEN';

COUNT(*)
----------
415387

------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost |
------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 7 | 138|
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 7 | |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| MAKE_IX | 55310 | 378K| 138|
------------------------------------------------------------

75
75

SQL> begin
2 dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'VEHICLE',
3 method_opt=>'for all columns size 1,'||
4 'for columns MAKE size 254,'||
5 'for columns MODEL size 254');
6 end;
7 /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

77
77

2 from VEHICLE
3 where MAKE = 'HOLDEN';

COUNT(*)
----------
415387

-----------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 7 | |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| MAKE_IX | 418K| 2859K| 1024|
-----------------------------------------------------------

78
78

make AND model

79
79

2 from VEHICLE
3 where MAKE = 'HOLDEN'
4 and MODEL = 'COMMODORE';

COUNT(*)
----------
214468

--------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 14 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 14 |
| 2 | BITMAP CONVERSION COUNT | | 39527 | 540K|
| 3 | BITMAP AND | | | |
| 4 | BITMAP CONVERSION FROM ROWIDS| | | |
|* 5 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | MODEL_IX | | |
| 6 | BITMAP CONVERSION FROM ROWIDS| | | |
|* 7 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | MAKE_IX | | |
---------------------------------------------------------------------
80
80

50% of Holdens are Commodores

82
82

no correlation

10g and before

85
85

----------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Rows | Bytes |
----------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | 1 | 14 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | 1 | 14 |
| 2 | BITMAP CONVERSION COUNT | 39527 | 540K|

86
86

SQL> select count(*) from VEHICLE where model = 'COMMODORE';

COUNT(*)
----------
214468

SQL> select count(*) from VEHICLE where make = 'HOLDEN';

COUNT(*)
----------
415387 Prob(xy)=Prob(x)*Prob(y)
SQL> select (214468/2157079)*
2 (415387/2157079)*
3 2157079 EST_ROWS from dual;

EST_ROWS
---------------
41299.9334 ≈ 39527
87
87

SQL> select
2 DBMS_STATS.CREATE_EXTENDED_STATS(
3 user, 'VEHICLE','(MAKE,MODEL)') tag
4 from dual;

TAG
----------------------------------
SYS_STU8QPK2S$PEWHARK2CP3#1F#G

SQL> select COLUMN_NAME,NUM_DISTINCT
2 from USER_TAB_COLS
3 where table_name = 'VEHICLE'

COLUMN_NAME NUM_DISTINCT
------------------------------ ------------
ID 2157079
MAKE 39
MODEL 292
88
88

SQL> begin
3 method_opt=>
4 'for columns SYS_STU8QPK2S$PEWHARK2CP3#1F#G size 254');
5 end;
6 / SQL> begin
PL/SQL procedure method_opt=> completed.
3 successfully
4 'for columns (make,model) size 254');
5 end;
6 /


89
89

2 from VEHICLE

COUNT(*)
----------
214468

-------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 14 | |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| VEHICLE | 220K| 3018K| 1956|
-------------------------------------------------------------

90
90

actual versus estimate

91
91

SQL> select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */ count(*)
2 from VEHICLE

COUNT(*)
----------
214468

SQL> SELECT *
2 FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(
3 NULL, NULL, 'ALLSTATS LAST'));

----------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |
----------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 1 | 1 |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| VEHICLE | 1 | 220K| 214K|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
92
92

its just another column

93
93

SQL> select "SYS_STU8QPK2S$PEWHARK2CP3#1F#G"
2 from vehicle
3 where rownum < 10;

------------------------------
1.2706E+19
1.8075E+19
7.9949E+18
1.1730E+19
6.7142E+18
1.1730E+19
1.0779E+19
5.4051E+18
7.3555E+18

94
94

SQL> SELECT extension_name, extension
2 FROM USER_STAT_EXTENSIONS
3 WHERE table_name = 'VEHICLE';

EXTENSION_NAME EXTENSION
------------------------------ -----------------
SYS_STU8QPK2S$PEWHARK2CP3#1F#G ("MAKE","MODEL")

96
96

SQL> select SYS_OP_COMBINED_HASH(make,model) hashval,
2 "SYS_STU8QPK2S$PEWHARK2CP3#1F#G" colval
3 from VEHICLE

HASHVAL COLVAL
---------- ----------
1.2706E+19 1.2706E+19
1.8075E+19 1.8075E+19
7.9949E+18 7.9949E+18
1.1730E+19 1.1730E+19
6.7142E+18 6.7142E+18
1.1730E+19 1.1730E+19
1.0779E+19 1.0779E+19
5.4051E+18 5.4051E+18
7.3555E+18 7.3555E+18

97
97

PARSING IN CURSOR #28

alter table "SH"."VEHICLE" add
(SYS_STU8QPK2S$PEWHARK2CP3#1F#G
as (SYS_OP_COMBINED_HASH(MAKE,MODEL))
virtual BY USER for statistics);

END OF STMT

98
98

virtual column

99
99

SYS_OP_COMBINED_HASH

100
100

hash means equality

101
101

2 from VEHICLE
3 where MAKE in ('FORD','HOLDEN')

COUNT(*)
----------
214468

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 14 | 1921
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 14 |
|* 2 | VIEW | index$_join$_001 | 77818 | 1063K| 1921
|* 3 | HASH JOIN | | | |
|* 4 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | MODEL_IX | 77818 | 1063K| 502
| 5 | INLIST ITERATOR | | | |
|* 6 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| MAKE_IX | 77818 | 1063K| 2086
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

102
102

can we solve this ?

103
103

two enhancements

104
104

adaptive cursor sharing

11.1

105
105

much

much

better
107

cardinality

110
110

actual versus estimate

111
111

employ someone....

112
112

SQL> select /*+ GATHER_PLAN_STATISTICS */
count(*)
2 from VEHICLE

COUNT(*)
----------
214468

SQL> SELECT *
2 FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR(
3 NULL, NULL, 'ALLSTATS LAST'));
"ok"
-----------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |
-----------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 1 | 1 |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| VEHICLE | 1 | 220K| 214K|
-----------------------------------------------------------------
113
113

but just maybe ....

115
115

... someone already is

116
116

100,000 rows
SQL> create table EMP as
2 select rownum empno,
3 mod(rownum,10) jobid,
4 mod(rownum,10)*1000 salary,
5 mod(rownum,50)+1 deptno
6 from dual
7 connect by rownum < 100000;
100 rows
SQL> create table DEPT as
2 select rownum deptno,
3 'dept'||rownum dname
4 from dual
5 connect by rownum <= 100;

117

SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'EMP');

SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'DEPT');

SQL> create index EMP_IX on EMP ( deptno );

SQL> create index DEPT_IX on DEPT ( deptno );

118

SQL> select e.empno, d.dname hard to
2 from emp e, dept d
3 where d.deptno = e.deptno optimize
4 and e.jobid = 1
5 and e.salary > 5000;
4 and e.jobid = 1
no rows selected

----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | |
| 1 | MERGE JOIN | | 4444 | 104K |
| 2 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| DEPT | 100 | 1000 |
| 3 | INDEX FULL SCAN | DEPT_IX | 100 | |
|* 4 | SORT JOIN | | 4444 | 62216 |
|* 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | EMP | 4444 | 62216 |
----------------------------------------------------------------

119

re-run the query

120

no changes to anything

121

SQL> select e.empno, d.dname
2 from emp e, dept d
3 where d.deptno = e.deptno
4 and e.jobid = 1
no rows selected

---------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | |
|* 1 | HASH JOIN | | 89 | 2136 |
| 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| DEPT | 1 | 10 |
|* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 4444 | 62216 |
---------------------------------------------------

122

the optimizer knows what "hard" is

124

cardinality feedback loop

125

its not continuous learning

126

several restrictions

127

SQL tuning advisor fallback

128

Feature:

result cache

129

SQL> create table MY_TMP as
2 select ....

Table created.

SQL> select ...
2 from ...
3 where COL in ( select COL from MY_TMP )
4 and ...

131

cache the results of queries

132

GTT, plsql table, ...

hard...

single session,
expiry issues...
133

memory

SQL> SELECT name, value
2 FROM v$parameter
3 WHERE name LIKE 'result_cache%';

NAME VALUE
------------------------------ -----------
result_cache_mode MANUAL
result_cache_max_size 1081344
result_cache_max_result 5
result_cache_remote_expiration 0

%
134

SQL> set autotrace traceonly stat
SQL> set timing on
SQL> select owner, count(*)
2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /

29 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:03.98

Statistics
-----------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
1 db block gets
32192 consistent gets
32184 physical reads
96 redo size
[snip]

135

SQL> /

29 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:03.80

Statistics
-----------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
1 db block gets
96 redo size
[snip]

136

SQL> set timing on
SQL> select /*+ RESULT_CACHE */ owner, count(*)
2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /

29 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:03.80

Statistics
-----------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
1 db block gets
96 redo size
[snip]

137

SQL> set timing on
2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /

29 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.04 !!!!!!!!!!!!

Statistics
-----------------------------------------------------
0 recursive calls
0 db block gets
0 consistent gets
0 physical reads
0 redo size
[snip]

138

session 1
2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /

29 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:03.80

session 2
2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /

29 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.04

140

automatic expiry

141

SQL> set timing on
2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /

29 rows selected.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.05

SQL> delete from T where rownum = 1;

1 row deleted.

2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /
active txn
Elapsed: 00:00:03.91

142

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /

Elapsed: 00:00:03.91 reinstantiate cache
2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /

Elapsed: 00:00:00.04

voila!
143

part of table definition

145

alter table T result_cache (mode force);

146

v$result_cache_objects
v$result_cache_dependency

148

SQL> select
2 r.name,
3 listagg(o.name,' ') within group ( order by o.name ) as obj
4 from v$result_cache_objects r,
5 v$result_cache_dependency d,
6 sys.obj$ o
7 where r.type = 'Result'
8 and r.id =d.result_id
9 and d.object_no=o.obj#
10 group by r.name;

NAME OBJ
------------------------------------------------ ----------------
select /*+ RESULT_CACHE */ owner, count(*) T
from T
group by owner

select /*+ RESULT_CACHE */ owner, count(*) T1 T
from T, T1
group by owner

149

SQL> desc COUNTRY_SALES

Name Null? Type
----------------- -------- ------------
CTRY NOT NULL VARCHAR2(10)
CRNCY NOT NULL VARCHAR2(3)
AMOUNT NUMBER
PRODUCT VARCHAR2(20)
TXN_DATE DATE
QUANTITY NUMBER(3)

"summarise the sales in $AUD"

151

currency conversion function

152

slower... obscure...

SOA
...awfully complicated
153

SQL> create or replace
2 function CURRENCY_CONVERT(code varchar2) return number is
3 l_service sys.utl_dbws.service;
4 l_call sys.utl_dbws.call;
5 l_result sys.anydata;
6
7 l_wsdl varchar2(100);
8 l_ns varchar2(100);

[snip]

15 begin
16 l_ns := 'http://www.webservicex.net/currencyconvertor.asmx';
17 l_wsdl := 'http://www.webservicex.net/currencyconvertor.asmx?wsdl';

[snip]

28
29 l_result := SYS.UTL_DBWS.INVOKE (
30 call_handle => l_call,
31 input_params => l_input_params);

[snip]

46 return sys.anydata.accessnumber(l_result);
47 end;
48 /

Function created.
154

SQL> select sum(CURRENCY_CONVERT(crncy)*amount) tot
2 from COUNTRY_SALES
3 /

TOT
----------
4799.62

Elapsed: 00:00:45.36

155

2 function CURRENCY_CONVERT(code varchar2) return number RESULT_CACHE is
3 l_service sys.utl_dbws.service;
4 l_call sys.utl_dbws.call;
5 l_result sys.anydata;
6
7 l_wsdl varchar2(100);
8 l_ns varchar2(100);

[snip]

15 begin
16 l_ns := 'http://www.webservicex.net/currencyconvertor.asmx';
17 l_wsdl := 'http://www.webservicex.net/currencyconvertor.asmx?wsdl';

[snip]

28
29 l_result := SYS.UTL_DBWS.invoke (
30 call_handle => l_call,
31 input_params => l_input_params);

[snip]

46 return sys.anydata.accessnumber(l_result);
47 end;
48 /

Function created.
157

SQL> select sum(CURRENCY_CONVERT(crncy)*amount) tot
2 from COUNTRY_SALES
3 where rownum < 100
4 /

TOT
----------
4799.62 inter-row
Elapsed: 00:00:15.78 cache benefit
SQL> /

TOT
----------
4799.62 all values
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02 cached

158

SQL> select /*+ RESULT_CACHE */ owner, max(object_id)
2 from T
3 group by owner
4 /

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | RESULT CACHE | b82qdu5m139yr3fbna1x5r6g2d | | |
| 2 | HASH GROUP BY | | 19 | 171 |
| 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 2201K| 18M |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

indeterminate
160

SQL> select status
2 from v$result_cache_objects
3 where cache_id = 'b82qdu5m139yr3fbna1x5r6g2d';

STATUS
---------
Published

? New -
Published -
Result is still under construction
Result is available for use
Bypass - Result will be bypassed from use
Expired - Result has exceeded expiration time
Invalid - Result is no longer available for use

161

select /*+ RESULT_CACHE */ …

two people, same query

select /*+ RESULT_CACHE */ …

162

when in doubt...

...try to break it

163

2 function SLOW(n number) return number
3 is
4 begin
5 dbms_lock.sleep(1);
6 return n;
7 end;
8 /

Function created.

167

SQL> select /*+ RESULT_CACHE */ owner, slow(object_id)
2 from T
3 where rownum <= 120;

Elapsed: 00:02:01.13
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | RESULT CACHE | 14tnr7dxmvkp3244d69tw72z4p | | |
|* 2 | COUNT STOPKEY | | | |
| 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 119 | 1071 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

168

2 from T

[5 seconds later...]

OWNERSQL> select status SLOW(OBJECT_ID)
2 from v$result_cache_objects
------------------------------ ---------------
SYS 3 where cache_id = '14tnr7dxmvkp3244d69tw72z4p';
20
SYS 46
SYS STATUS 2
session 28
SYS --------- 15
SYS New 29
[still from
2 executing...]
T

[executing...]

Elapsed: 00:03:03.54 !!!!!!!!!

169

SQL> select sid,
2 decode(lockwait,null,status,'BLOCKED') status
3 from v$session
4 where username = 'CONNOR';

SID STATUS
---------- --------
131 ACTIVE
143 BLOCKED

uh oh....

170

PARSING IN CURSOR #5 len=82 dep=0 uid=88 oct=3 lid=88

select /*+ RESULT_CACHE */ owner, slow(data_object_id)
from T
where rownum < 120
END OF STMT

PARSE #5:c=15625,e=28756,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,tim=202781578
EXEC #5:c=0,e=60,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,tim=202781659

WAIT #5: nam='enq: RC - Result Cache: Contention' ela= 10005714

WAIT #5: nam='direct path read' ela= 13770 file number=4 ...
[etc]

171

PARSING IN CURSOR #5 len=82 dep=0 uid=88 oct=3 lid=88

select /*+ RESULT_CACHE */ owner, slow(data_object_id)
from T
where rownum < 120
END OF STMT

PARSE #5:c=15625,e=28756,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=1,r=0,tim=202781578
EXEC #5:c=0,e=60,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,tim=202781659


...

173

"take care....."

174

not too short....

why bother with result cache?
176

not too long....

might lock other people out
177

Feature:

compound triggers

178

example: table audit

179

SQL> desc T

Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- -------------
OWNER NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)

SQL> desc T_AUDIT

Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- --------------
AUDIT_DATE DATE
AUDIT_ACTION CHAR(1)
OWNER NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
OBJECT_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)

180

2 trigger AUDIT_TRG
3 after insert or update or delete on T
4 for each row
5 declare
6 v_action varchar2(1) := case when updating then 'U'
7 when deleting then 'D' else 'I' end;
8 begin
9 if updating or inserting then
10 insert into T_AUDIT
11 values (sysdate
12 ,v_action
13 ,:new.owner
14 ,:new.object_name);
15 else
17 values (sysdate
18 ,v_action
19 ,:old.owner
20 ,:old.object_name);
21 end if;
22 end;
23 /

Trigger created.
181

works but slow...

182

SQL> insert into T
2 select owner, object_name
3 from all_objects
insert where
4 into T rownum <= 10000;
select owner, object_name
from all_objects
10000 rownum <= 10000
where rows created.
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
------- ------ ------- ---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.01 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 3.10 3.05 88 123 10642 10000
Fetch 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
------- ------ ------- ---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
total 2 3.12 3.06 88 123 10642 10000

INSERT INTO T_AUDIT
VALUES (SYSDATE ,:B3 ,:B1 ,:B2 )

------- ------ ------- ---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 10000 0.79 0.97 2 109 10845 10000
Fetch 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
------- ------ ------- ---------- -------- --------- ---------- ----------
total 10001 0.79 0.97 2 109 10845 10000

183

bulk binding

"hard"

184

create or replace
package T_PKG is

type each_row is record ( action varchar2(1),
owner varchar2(30),
object_name varchar2(30)
);

type row_list is table of each_row
index by pls_integer;

g row_list;

end;
/

185

create or replace
trigger AUDIT_TRG1
before insert or update or delete on T
begin
t_pkg.g.delete;
end;
/

186

create or replace
trigger AUDIT_TRG2
after insert or update or delete on T
for each row
begin
if updating or inserting then
t_pkg.g(t_pkg.g.count+1).owner := :new.owner;
t_pkg.g(t_pkg.g.count).object_name := :new.object_name;
else
t_pkg.g(t_pkg.g.count).owner := :old.owner;
t_pkg.g(t_pkg.g.count).object_name := :old.object_name;
end if;
end;
/

187

create or replace
trigger AUDIT_TRG3
after insert or update or delete on T
declare
v_action varchar2(1) :=
case when updating then 'U'
when deleting then 'D'
else 'I' end;
begin
forall i in 1 .. t_pkg.g.count
insert into T_AUDIT
values (
sysdate,
v_action,
t_pkg.g(i).owner,
t_pkg.g(i).object_name);
t_pkg.g.delete;
end;
/

188

SQL> insert into T
2 select owner, object_name
3 from all_objects
insert into T
4 where rownum <= 10000;
select owner, object_name
from all_objects
10000 rows created.
where rownum <= 10000

------- ------ ------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.00 0.00 0 33 0 0
Execute 1 0.56 0.58 0 91 10653 10000
Fetch 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
------- ------ ------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 2 0.56 0.59 0 124 10653 10000

INSERT INTO T_AUDIT
VALUES
( SYSDATE, :B1 , :B2 , :B3 )

------- ------ ------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Parse 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Execute 1 0.04 0.03 0 90 478 10000
Fetch 0 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
------- ------ ------- --------- -------- ---------- ---------- ----------
total 2 0.04 0.03 0 90 478 10000
189

additional package

no one did it ....

three triggers

190

11g compound triggers

191

create or replace
trigger AUDIT_TRG for insert or update or delete on T
compound trigger

before statement is
begin
...
end before statement;

after each row is
begin
...
end after each row;

after statement is
begin
...
end after statement;

end;
/
192

2 trigger AUDIT_TRG for insert or update or delete on T compound trigger
3
4 type each_row is record ( action varchar2(1),
5 owner varchar2(30),
6 object_name varchar2(30));
7 type row_list is table of each_row index by pls_integer;
8 g row_list;
9 v_action varchar2(1) :=
10 case when updating then 'U' when deleting then 'D' else 'I' end;
11
12 before statement is
13 begin
14 g.delete;
15 end before statement;
16
17 after each row is
18 begin
19
21 g(g.count+1).owner := :new.owner;
22 g(g.count).object_name := :new.object_name;
23 else
24 g(g.count).owner := :old.owner;
25 g(g.count).object_name := :old.object_name;
26 end if;
27 end after each row;
28
29 after statement is
30 begin
31 forall i in 1 .. g.count
33 values (sysdate,v_action,g(i).owner,g(i).object_name);
34 g.delete;
35 end after statement;
36
37 end;
38 /
193
Trigger created.

one more thing on triggers...

194

the 107 slides you didn't see

195

2 trigger AUDIT_TRG
4 for each row
5 declare
7 case when updating then 'U'
8 when deleting then 'D' else 'I' end case;
9 begin
12 values(sysdate,v_action,:new.owner,:new.object_name);
13 else
15 values(sysdate,v_action,:old.owner,:old.object_name);
16 end if;
17 end;
18 /

Warning: Trigger created with compilation errors.

SQL> sho err
Errors for TRIGGER AUDIT_TRG:

LINE/COL ERROR
-------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
4/46 PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "CASE" when expecting one of
the following:
* & = - + ; < / > at in is mod remainder not rem
<an exponent (**)> <> or != or ~= >= <= <> and or like like2 196

2 trigger AUDIT_TRG
4 for each row
5 declare
9 begin
10 if updateing or inserting then
13 else
16 end if;
17 end;
18 /


SQL> sho err

LINE/COL ERROR
-------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
6/3 PL/SQL: Statement ignored
6/6 PLS-00201: identifier 'UPDATEING' must be declared

197

2 trigger AUDIT_TRG
4 for each row
5 declare
9 begin
11 insert into TAUDIT
13 else
16 end if;
17 end;
18 /


SQL> sho err

LINE/COL ERROR
-------- ------------------------------------------------------
7/6 PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
7/18 PL/SQL: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

198

2 trigger AUDIT_TRG
4 for each row
5 declare
9 begin
12 values(sysdate,v_action,:new.owner,new.object_name);
13 else
16 end if;
17 end;
18 /


SQL> sho err

LINE/COL ERROR
-------- ---------------------------------------------------------
10/6 PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
11/45 PL/SQL: ORA-00984: column not allowed here

199

Which of the following is the largest ?

201

SQL> insert into T values ('X','Y');

insert into T values ('X','Y')
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-04098: trigger 'CONNOR.AUDIT_TRG' is
invalid and failed re-validation

203

Feature:

11g disabled triggers

204

2 trigger AUDIT_TRG
4 for each row
5 DISABLE
6 declare
10 begin
14 else
16 values(sysdate,v_action,:old.owner,old.object_name);
17 end if;
18 end;
19 /


205

SQL> select status from user_triggers
2 where trigger_name = 'AUDIT_TRG';

STATUS
--------
DISABLED

SQL> insert into T values ('X','Y');

1 row created.

206

Feature:

Dependency tracking

207

SQL> create table T ( x number, y number );

Table created.

2 view MY_VIEW as
3 select x,y from T;

View created.

209

SQL> alter table T add Z number;

Table altered.

SQL> select status
2 from user_objects
3 where object_name = 'MY_VIEW';

STATUS
-------
INVALID

210

better granularity

212

SQL> alter table T add Z number;

Table altered.

SQL> select status
2 from user_objects
3 where object_name = 'MY_VIEW';

STATUS
-------
VALID

213

"always use packages"

216

ALL production code !

217

break the invalidation chain

219

proc A proc B proc C proc D

pack A pack B pack C pack D

body A body B body C body D

220

change the spec as well !

222

pack A pack B pack C pack D

body A body B body C body D

223

2 package PKG is
3 procedure P1;
4 end;
5 /

Package created.
2 procedure PRC is
3 begin
4 pkg.p1;
2 package body PKG is
3 5 end;
procedure P1 is
4 x6 /
number;
5 begin
6 Procedure created.
x := 1;
7 end;
8 end;
9 /

Package body created.

224

2 package PKG is
3 procedure P1;
4 procedure P2;
5 end;
6 /

Package created.

3 procedure P1 is
4 x number;
5 begin
6 x := 1;
7 end;
8
9 procedure p2 is
10 x number;
11 begin
12 x := myseq.nextval;
13 end;
14 end;
15 /

225

SQL> select status

10g and below
2 from user_objects
3 where object_name = 'PRC';

STATUS
-------
INVALID

SQL> select status

11g
2 from user_objects
3 where object_name = 'PRC';

STATUS
-------
VALID

226

the order is important

228

2 package PKG is
3 procedure p1;
4 end;
5 /

Package created.

3 procedure p1 is
4 x number;
5 begin
6 x := 1;
7 end;
8
9 end;
10 /


229

2 package PKG is
3 procedure p2;
4 procedure p1;
5 end;
6 /

Package created.

3 procedure p2 is
4 x number;
5 begin
7 end;
8
9 procedure p1 is
10 x number;
11 begin
12 x := 1;
13 end;
14
15 end;
16 /

Package body created. 230

moral of the story

231

change package bodies
(as before)

232

add to bottom of specs

233

this is NOT about package state

234

2 package PKG is
3 procedure p1;
4 end;
5 /

Package created.

3
4 my_global_var date;
5
6 procedure p1 is
7 x number;
8 begin
9 if my_global_var is null then
10 my_global_var := sysdate;
11 end if;
12 end;
13 end;
14 /


235

2 procedure PRC is
3 begin
4 pkg.p1;
5 end;
3
6 /
4 my_global_var date;
5
Procedure created.
6 procedure p1 is
7 x number;
SQL> exec PRC;
8 begin
9 if my_global_var is null then
SQL> exec PRC;
10 my_global_var := sysdate;
11 end if;
BEGIN PRC; END;
12 end;
13 end;
*
14 /
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-04068: existing state of packages has been discarded
ORA-04061: existing state of package body "PKG" has been invalidated
ORA-04065: not executed, altered or dropped package body "PKG"
ORA-06508: PL/SQL: could not find program unit being called: "PKG"
ORA-06512: at "PRC", line 3
ORA-06512: at line 1
236

minimise global variables

keep stateful data separate

store types separately

237

you may have noticed...

238

3 procedure p2 is
4 x number;
5 begin
7 end;
8
9 procedure p1 is
10 x number;
11 begin
12 x := 1;
13 end;
14
15 end;
16 /


239

Direct sequence access

240

can we reduce the risk further ?

242

Feature:

editions

243

2 procedure THE_SINGLE_MOST_IMPORTANT_PROC_IN_MY_APP is
begin
....

244

"version control"

247

package PKG is package PKG(V2) is

select COL1, COL2 select COL1, NEW_COL
from MY_VIEW from MY_VIEW(V2)

both in active use !

248

SQL> desc DBA_EDITIONS

Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- -------------
EDITION_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
PARENT_EDITION_NAME VARCHAR2(30)
USABLE VARCHAR2(3)

249

SQL> select *
2 from DBA_EDITIONS;

EDITION_NAME PARENT_EDITION USABLE
------------ -------------- ------
ORA$BASE YES

250

PKG1 PKG2 PKG3 PKG4 PKG5 ora$base

PKG1 PKG3 PKG5 version2

251

no space =

probably editionable

252

Invisible indexes

254

create view V_MY_TABLE as
select V1_COL1 as col1,
V1_COL2 as col2, version1
V1_COL3 as col3,
V1_ONLY_COL4 as col4,
from MY_TABLE

SQL> desc MY_TABLE
Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- -----------------
V1_COL1 NUMBER
V1_COL2 DATE
V1_COL3 VARCHAR2(10)
V1_ONLY_COL4 VARCHAR2(10)
V2_NEWCOL5 DATE
V2_NEWCOL6 NUMBER

create view V_MY_TABLE as
select V1_COL1 as col1,
V1_COL2 as col2,
V1_COL3 as col3, version2
V2_NEWCOL5 as col5,
V2_NEWCOL6 as col6
from MY_TABLE
257

editioning views
(special)

258

SQL> desc EMP

Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- -------------
EMPNO NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
JOB VARCHAR2(9)
MGR NUMBER(4)
HIREDATE DATE
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
COMM NUMBER(7,2)
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)

260

2 package body EMP_MAINT is
3 procedure hire_emp(p_empno emp.empno%type,
4 p_ename emp.ename%type,
5 p_job emp.job%type,
6 p_sal emp.sal%type,
7 p_deptno emp.deptno%type) is
8 begin
9 insert into EMP
10 (empno,ename,job,sal,deptno)
11 values
12 (p_empno,p_ename,p_job,p_sal,p_deptno);
13 end;
14 end;
15 /


261

SQL> desc EMP

Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- -------------
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
JOB VARCHAR2(9)
MGR NUMBER(4)
HIREDATE Contract/Permanent DATE
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
COMM NUMBER(7,2)
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
ETYPE VARCHAR2(10)
TERMINATION_DATE DATE

End of Contract

263

SQL> alter table EMP add ETYPE VARCHAR2(1);

Table altered.

SQL> alter table EMP add TERMINATION_DATE DATE;

Table altered.

SQL> update EMP set ETYPE = 'Permanent';

14 rows updated.

SQL> alter table EMP modify ETYPE not null;

Table altered.

SQL> alter table EMP add constraint
2 EMP_CHK01 check ( ETYPE in ('Contract',
'Permanent'));

Table altered.
265

broken application

266

SQL> exec EMP_MAINT.HIRE_EMP(1,'Sue','SALES',10,10)

BEGIN EMP_MAINT.HIRE_EMP(1,'Sue','SALES',10,10); END;

*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01400: cannot insert NULL into ("SCOTT"."EMP"."ETYPE")
ORA-06512: at "SCOTT.EMP_MAINT", line 8
ORA-06512: at line 1

267

7 p_deptno emp.deptno%type,
8 p_etype emp.etype%type,
9 p_term emp.termination_date%type) is
10 begin
11 insert into EMP
12 (empno,ename,job,sal,deptno,etype,termination_date)
13 values
14 (p_empno,p_ename,p_job,p_sal,p_deptno,p_etype,p_term);
15 end;
16 end;
17 /


269

now with editions

270

enable editions

272

SQL> alter user SCOTT enable editions;

User altered.

273

this is a big deal

274

Enabling editions is retroactive and irreversible.

- 11g2 doc

275

abstract your tables

277

SQL> alter table EMP rename to "_EMP";

Table altered.

2 editioning view EMP as
3 select * from "_EMP";

View created.

SQL> exec dbms_utility.compile_schema(user)


278

SQL> select * from _EMP;

select * from _EMP
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00911: invalid character

280

may mean an outage

as you upgrade to 11.2

281

SQL> alter table "_EMP" add ETYPE VARCHAR2(1);

Table altered.

SQL> alter table "_EMP" add TERMINATION_DATE DATE;

Table altered.

SQL> alter table "_EMP" add constraint
2 EMP_CHK01 check ( ETYPE in ('Contract',
'Permanent'));

Table altered.

SQL> alter table "_EMP" modify ETYPE not null;

Table altered.

282

create an edition

283

SQL> create edition "APP_V2"
2 /

Edition created.

284

SQL> conn SCOTT/TIGER

Connected.

SQL> alter session set edition = APP_V2;

ERROR:
ORA-38802: edition does not exist

285

SQL> grant USE on edition APP_V2 to SCOTT;

Grant succeeded.

286


2 editioning view EMP as
3 select * from "_EMP"
4 /

View created.

287

SQL> alter session set edition = ORA$BASE;

Session altered.

SQL> desc EMP

Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- ----------------
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
JOB VARCHAR2(9)
MGR NUMBER(4)
HIREDATE DATE
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
COMM NUMBER(7,2)
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)

288


Session altered.

SQL> desc EMP

Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- ---------------
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
JOB VARCHAR2(9)
MGR NUMBER(4)
HIREDATE DATE
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
COMM NUMBER(7,2)
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
ETYPE VARCHAR2(10)
TERMINATION_DATE DATE

289

SQL> select sys_context('USERENV',
2 'CURRENT_EDITION_NAME') edt
3 from dual;

EDT
--------------
APP_V2

290

7 p_deptno emp.deptno%type,
8 p_etype emp.etype%type,
9 p_term emp.termination_date%type) is
10 begin
11 insert into EMP
12 (empno,ename,job,sal,deptno,etype,termination_date)
13 values
14 (p_empno,p_ename,p_job,p_sal,p_deptno,p_etype,p_term);
15 end;
16 end;
17 /


291


Session altered.

SQL> begin
2 EMP_MAINT.HIRE_EMP(
3 p_empno =>1,
4 p_ename =>'Sue',
5 p_job =>'SALES',
6 p_sal =>10,
7 p_deptno =>20);
8 end;
9 /


292


Session altered.

SQL> begin
3 p_empno =>2,
4 p_ename =>'Mike',
5 p_job =>'SALES',
6 p_sal =>10,
7 p_deptno =>20,
8 p_etype =>'Contract'
9 p_term =>'10-JAN-2012');
10 end;
11 /


293

we're close....

294


Session altered.

SQL> begin
3 p_empno =>2,
4 p_ename =>'Mike',
5 p_job =>'SALES',
6 p_sal =>10,
7 p_deptno =>20,
8 p_etype =>null
9 p_term =>'10-JAN-2012');
10 end;
11 /


296

constraints not (natively) editionable

297

SQL> alter table "_EMP" add constraint
2 EMP_CHK02 check (
3 SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV',
4 'CURRENT_EDITION_NAME')
5 = 'ORA$BASE'
6 OR ETYPE is not null
7 );

Table altered.

298

APP_V2

"everyone has an ETYPE"

cross edition consistency

APP_V1 (aka ORA$BASE)

"what is an ETYPE"

299

cross edition triggers

300


Session altered.

SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER emp_v1_to_v2
2 BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON "_EMP"
3 FOR EACH ROW
4 FORWARD CROSSEDITION
5 DISABLE
6 BEGIN
7 :new.etype := nvl(:new.etype,'Permanent');
8 :new.termination_date := null;
9 END;
10 /

Trigger created.

301

SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER emp_v2_to_v1
2 BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON "_EMP"
3 FOR EACH ROW
4 REVERSE CROSSEDITION
5 DISABLE
6 BEGIN
7 ...
8 ...
9 END;
10 /

Trigger created.

302

both in the new edition

"the working edition is sacred"

303


Session altered.

SQL> alter trigger EMP_V1_TO_V2 enable;

Trigger altered.

304

all new / modified data

305

historical data

uncommitted data

306


Session altered.

SQL> declare
2 ok boolean;
3 scn number;
4 begin
5 ok :=
6 dbms_utility.wait_on_pending_dml('"_EMP"',10, scn);
7
8 if ok then
9 update EMP set sal=sal;
10 end if;
11 end;
12 /


307

SQL> select empno, etype from "_EMP";

EMPNO ETYPE
---------- ----------
1 Contract
2 Contract
7369 Permanent
7499 Permanent
7521 Permanent
7566 Permanent
7654 Permanent
7698 Permanent
7782 Permanent
7788 Permanent
7839 Permanent
7844 Permanent
7876 Permanent
7900 Permanent
7902 Permanent
7934 Permanent
308

or DBMS_PARALLEL_EXECUTE

310

move people over

312

2 trigger DEFAULT_EDITION
3 after logon on database
4 begin
5 execute immediate
6 'alter session set edition = APP_V2';
7 end;
8 /

313

2 trigger DEFAULT_EDITION
3 after logon on database
4 begin
5 dbms_session.set_edition_deferred( 'APP_V2' );
7 end;
8 /

314

retire old edition

optional

315

how do I get started

316

first.... come clean

317

stop ... taking ... outages

319

before
you
start
320

more complicated

than you think....

322

enabling editions

323

probably the whole database

324

cross user consistency

325

SQL> connect / as sysdba
Connected.

sys@db112> alter user TO_BE_EDITIONED enable editions;

alter user TO_BE_EDITIONED enable editions
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-38819: user TO_BE_EDITIONED owns one or more
objects whose type is editionable and that have
noneditioned dependent objects

326

SQL> alter user TO_BE_EDITIONED enable editions FORCE;

User altered.

327

SQL> select owner, object_name, status
2 from dba_objects
3 where owner in (
4 'TO_BE_EDITIONED',
5 'NOT_EDITIONED');

OWNER OBJECT_NAME STATUS
--------------- ------------------- -------
TO_BE_EDITIONED EMP VALID
NOT_EDITIONED MY_EMPV INVALID

328

possibly not so "online"

329

sys@db112> alter user TO_BE_EDITIONED enable editions;

alter user TO_BE_EDITIONED enable editions
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-38819: user TO_BE_EDITIONED owns one or more
objects whose type is editionable and that have
noneditioned dependent objects

330

PARSING IN CURSOR #3 len=487 dep=1 uid=0 oct=3 ...
select d.owner#,
u.name,
d.name,
d.namespace,
d.stime
from obj$ d,
dependency$ dep,
obj$ p,
user$ u
where d.obj# = dep.d_obj#
and p.obj# = dep.p_obj#
and d.remoteowner is null
and p.owner# = :1
and d.owner# = u.user#
and p.type# in (4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,22,87)
and ((u.type# != 2 and bitand(u.spare1, 16) = 0
and u.user#!= p.owner#)
or (d.type# not in 4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,22,87)))

331

select d.owner#,
u.name,
d.name, dba_dependencies
d.namespace,
d.stime
from obj$ d,
dependency$ dep,
obj$ p,
user$ u
and p.owner# = :1
and p.type# in (4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,22,87)
or (d.type# not in 4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,22,87)))

332

select d.owner#,
u.name,
d.name, dba_dependencies
d.namespace,
d.stime
from obj$ d,
dependency$ dep,
obj$ p,
user$ u object_type
and p.owner# = :1
and p.type# in (4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,22,87)
or (d.type# not in 4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,22,87)))

333

select d.owner#,
u.name,
d.name,
d.namespace,
d.stime
from obj$ d,
dependency$ dep,
obj$ p,
user$ u object_type
and
and
p.obj# = dep.p_obj#
d.remoteowner is null editions_enabled
and p.owner# = :1
and p.type# in (4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,22,87)
or (d.type# not in 4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,22,87)))

334

select *
from DBA_DEPENDENCIES
where ( OWNER in ( SELECT username
from dba_users
where EDITIONS_ENABLED = 'N' )
OR TYPE NOT IN (
'VIEW','SYNONYM','PROCEDURE','FUNCTION'
,'PACKAGE','NON-EXISTENT','PACKAGE BODY'
,'TRIGGER','TYPE','TYPE BODY'
,'LIBRARY','ASSEMBLY')
)
and REFERENCED_OWNER = 'TO_BE_EDITIONED'
and TYPE IN (
'VIEW','SYNONYM','PROCEDURE','FUNCTION'
,'PACKAGE','NON-EXISTENT','PACKAGE BODY'
,'TRIGGER','TYPE','TYPE BODY'
,'LIBRARY','ASSEMBLY')
and REFERENCED_OWNER != OWNER

335

table = data store

for all versions...

336

online upgrade ...

337

... is not just editions

338

version control
create index online
ddl_timeout
fallback
editions
constraints
column naming
invisible indexes

339

existing processes / scripts

340

edition v1

T1 T2

edition v2

T2 T1

343

edition v1

col1 _v1 NUMBER

edition v2

col1 _v2 DATE

344

edition v1

T1 (PK=col1,col2)

edition v2

T1 (PK=col1,col3)

345

contexts

database links

queues

VPD

FGA
346

lots of things not covered

350

11g / 11.2 very very nice

351

don't get too carried away

352

"Oracle 11g is the greatest
invention in the history of man"
- Anon, 2008

353

Connor McDonald
OracleDBA

co.uk

355

ORA-00041
“active time limit exceeded - session terminated”

www.oracledba.co.uk 356

<apology>

The presentation author apologises
for the gratuitous use of family album
shots, but since his whole family
came to Melbourne for InSync,
he didn't have much choice.

<apology>
357

Connor McDonald 11g for developers

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked (11)

Similar to Connor McDonald 11g for developers (20)

More from InSync Conference (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Connor McDonald 11g for developers