CSE Citation Style

CSE Citation Style – Quick Guide 7th Edition
This guide outlines how to cite some of the more common information sources in the Council of Science
Editor’s (CSE) Style Name-Year system.

For a comprehensive listing, please consult:

Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers, 7th edition
Call number: T 11 .S386 2006 Reference at: KAM

The library subscribes to RefWorks – an online bibliographic management package. For more
information, see: http://www.tru.ca/library/guides/refworks/refworks.html

Name-Year (N-Y) System in CSE
CSE has three documentation systems which provide the same information, but in different formats:
Name-Year (N-Y) system: The author of the source and date of publication are placed in
parentheses in the text, e.g., (Smith 2011). References are listed alphabetically in the Reference
List. This system is very similar to APA style.
Citation-sequence (C-S) system: Each source cited in the paper is given a number the first time it
appears in the text , e.g, 1. Anytime the source is referred to again, the text is marked with the
same number. At the end of the paper, a list of references provides full publication information
for each numbered source. Entries in the reference list are numbered in the order in which they
are mentioned in the paper.
Citation-name (C-N) system: The reference list is alphabetized, and then numbered. These
numbers are used in the text to cite the sources from the list, e.g., 1.

This guide summarizes instructions for the name-year system only. For guidelines on the citation-
sequence and citation-name systems, consult section 29.2.1.2 (pp. 492-495) of the 7th edition of the
Scientific Style and Format : The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers.

General Rules
Reference List:
Only include references that have been cited in the body of the paper should be included.

Organization: In the N-Y system, entries are listed in alphabetical order by the name of the first
author’s last name (or, if there is no known author, by organization name or by the title of the
work). The year is placed after the last author’s name, followed by a period.

Authors’ names: List authors’ last names, followed by initials for first and middle names. Do not use
periods or spaces between the initials. Do not use a comma between the last name and the initials,
e.g., Smith BL. Include all authors’ names if a work has up to ten authors; for a work with eleven or
more authors, list the first ten names followed by a comma and “et al.” (which means “and others”).
For works with two authors, do not use “and” or “&” to separate the authors’ names.

Multiple citations by same author: If you are citing more than one item by the same author(s), list
works in chronological order (oldest first).

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CSE Citation Style – Quick Guide 7th Edition
Organization/group as author: Put the abbreviation of the group name in square brackets so you
can use it in your in-text citation. The abbreviation should appear as the first part of the citation in
the end reference, e.g., [CLA] Canadian Lung Association.

Formatting titles: Do not italicize or underline the titles of books or journals.

Titles of books and articles: Only the first letter of the title’s first word and any proper nouns should
be capitalized. Do not enclose article titles in quotation marks.

Titles of journals: Abbreviate the titles of any journals that consist of more than one word. Omit
articles, conjunctions, and prepositions (e.g., the, and, of). Do not use apostrophes. Capitalize all the
words or abbreviated words in the title.
o For example:
Science N Engl J Med
Sci Am Womens Health
o To find abbreviations:
 CalTech ISI Journal Title Abbreviations:
http://library.caltech.edu/reference/abbreviations/
 Frontiers In Bioscience: Journal Name Abbreviation, ISSN Number and Coverage:
http://www.bioscience.org/atlases/jourabbr/list.htm
 NLM Catalog: Journals referenced in the NCBI Databases
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/journals
 Or ask for help from the TRU Library: http://www.tru.ca/library/askaway.html

Page ranges: Include page ranges for articles in journals/magazines/newspapers and for chapters in
books. When an article appears on discontinuous pages, list all pages or page ranges, separated by
commas, e.g., 145-149, 162-174. For chapters in books, use the abbreviation “p.” before the
numbers (p. 63-90).

No date of publication: Use the abbreviation [date unknown]. Exception: When citing electronic
publications (e.g., websites), use the dates of update/revision (or both) instead.

More than one city of publication: Use the first one listed.

In-Text Citations
Be sure that every in-text citation has a corresponding entry in the reference list. (Exception:
personal communications)

In-text citations (also known as parenthetical references) include the author's last name and year of
the reference without a comma, e.g., (Smith 2011).

If there is no author, include the first word(s) of the title (enough to identify the source) followed by
an ellipsis (...), e.g., (Biological research … 2007)

For 2 authors, list both last names in the in-text citation separated by “and” (NOT an ampersand
“&”), e.g., (Haggarty and Gaynor 2008)

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CSE Style – Quick Guide

For more than 2 authors, list the first author’s last name followed by “et al.” and the year, e.g.,
(Coyne et al. 2001)

For different authors with the same last name, provide initials or enough other names to distinguish
between them, e.g., (Smith BL 1999; Smith TD 2002)

Journal, Magazine, & Newspaper Articles
Basic Format for Print Journals:
Author AA, Author BB. Date of publication. Article title. Journal Title. Volume (Issue): Page Numbers.

Basic Format for Online Journals:
Author AA, Author BB. Date of publication. Article title. Journal Title [Internet]. [Date cited]; Volume
(Issue): Page Numbers. Available from: URL. DOI.

Journal Article, 1 Author
Reference List:

Board J. 2001. Reduced lodging for soybeans in low plant population is related to light quality.
Crop Sci. 41(2): 379-87.

In-Text Citation:

(Board 2001)

Journal Article, 2 to 10 authors
Note: For two authors use the word “and” to connect the two names – e.g., (Nilsen and Rennie 2011)

Reference List:

Snaphaan L, van der Werf S, Kanselaar K, de Leeuw F. 2009. Post-stroke depressive symptoms
are associated with post-stroke characteristics. Cerebrovasc Dis. 28(6): 551-557.

In-text Citation:

(Snaphaan et al. 2009)

3

Journal Article, More Than 10 authors
Note: List the first 10 authors followed by “et al.”

Reference List:

Park KS, Kim YS, Kim JH, Choi BK, Kim SH, Oh SH, Ahn YR, Lee MS, Lee MK, Park JB, et al. 2009.
Influence of human allogenic bone marrow and cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell
secreting trophic factors on ATP (adenosine-5 '- triphosphate)/ADP (adenosine- 5'-diphosphate)
ratio and insulin secretory function of isolated human islets from cadaveric donor. Transplant
Proc. 41(9): 3813-3818.

In-text Citation:

(Park et al. 2009)

Journal Article: Retrieved Online with NO DOI
Reference List:

Mathieson C M, Bailey N, Gurevich M. 2002. Health care services for lesbian and bisexual
women: some Canadian data. Health Care Women Int [Internet]. [cited 2011 Jan 20]; 23(2): 185-
196. Available from:
http://ezproxy.tru.ca/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=c8h&A
N=2002043068&site=ehost-live

In-text Citation:

(Mathieson et al. 2002)

Journal Article: Retrieved Online with DOI
Reference List:

Yencho GC, McCord PH, Haynes KG. 2008. Internal heat necrosis of potato – a review. Am J
Potato Res [Internet]. [cited 2011 Jan 18]; 85(1):69-76. Available from:
http://www.springerlink.com.ezproxy.tru.ca/content/915131u45576313l/fulltext.pdf doi:
10.1007/s12230-008-9008-4

In-text Citation:

(Yencho et al. 2008)

4

Magazine Article
Reference List:

Taylor PS. 2008 July 21. The drink for the rich and uneducated. Maclean's. 121: 29.

In-text Citation:

(Taylor 2008)

Newspaper Article
Basic Format for Newspaper Articles:
Author AA, Author BB. Date of publication. Article title. Newspaper title (edition). Section: Beginning
page number (column number).

Note: Titles of newspapers are not abbreviated

Reference List:

Smith JL. 2010 Jun 7. 40-year itch hitting more marriages: divorce rate among mature couples
mounts as baby boomers refuse to keep up appearances. Vancouver Sun; Sect B.7.

In-text Citation:

(Smith 2010)

Newspaper Article – No Author
Note: In the Reference List, start the citation with the title and put the publication date after the title. For
the In-text citation, use the first word or first few words of the tile, followed by ellipses.

Reference List:

Father and son arrested in beating. 2009 May 26. Kamloops Daily News; Sect A:5.

In-text Citation:

(Father and son… 2009)

Books, Edited Books & Book Chapters
Basic format for books:

Author AA, Author BB. Year. Title of book. Edition. Place of publication (State or Prov): Publisher name.
Number of pages p.

5

Books, 1-2 Authors
Reference List:

Lewontin RC, Levins R. 2007. Biology under the influence: dialectical essays on ecology,
agriculture, and health. New York (NY): Monthly Review Press. 400 p.

In-text Citation:

(Lewontin and Levins 2007)

Books, 3-10 Authors
Reference List:

Henning JE, Stone JM, Kelly JL. 2009. Using action research to improve instruction: an interactive
guide for teachers. New York (NY): Routledge. 204 p.

In-text Citation:

(Henning et al. 2009)

Group / Corporate Author
Reference List:

[NCW] National Council of Welfare (Canada). 2001. Child poverty profile. Ottawa (ON): National
Council of Welfare.

In-text Citation:

(NCW 2001)

Edited Book
Reference List:

Story J, editor. 2005. Charlemagne: empire and society. New York (NY): Manchester University
Press. 330 p.

In-text Citation:

(Story 2005)

6

Chapter in an Edited Book
Reference List:

Dube OP, Sekhwela MBM. 2008. Indigenous knowledge, institutions and practices for coping
with variable climate in the Limpopo Basin of Botswana. In: Leary N, Adejuwon J, Barros V,
Burton I, Kulkarni J, Lasco R, editors. Climate change and adaptation. London: Earthscan. p. 71-
89.

In-text Citation:

(Dube and Sekhwela 2008)

Electronic Book
Reference List:

Meehan ER, Riordan E, editors. 2002. Sex & money: feminism and political economy in the
media. [Internet]. Minneapolis (MN): University of Minnesota Press; [cited 2011 Jan 21].
Available from:
http://site.ebrary.com.ezproxy.tru.ca/lib/trulibrary/docDetail.action?docID=10151300

In-text Citation:

(Meehan and Riordan 2002)

Encyclopedia Article
Reference List:

Raymer M, Reese, DJ. Hospice. 2008. In: Mizrahi T, Davis LE, editors. Encyclopedia of social work.
Vol. 2. 20th ed. Washington, DC: National Association of Social Workers. p. 383-388.

In-text Citation:

(Raymer and Reese 2008)

Book with No Author, No Editor
Note: In the Reference List, start the citation with the title and put the publication date after the title
details. For the In-text citation, use the first word or first few words of the tile, followed by ellipses.

Reference List:

The encyclopedic dictionary of psychology. 3rd ed. 1986. Guilford, CT: Dushkin Publishing
Group.

In-text Citation:

(The encyclopedic dictionary… 1986)

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Published Conference Proceedings
Reference List:

Callaos N, Margenstern M, Zhang J, Castillo O, Doberkat EE, editors. c2003. SCI 2003.
Proceedings of the 7th World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics;
Orlando, FL. Orlando (FL): International Institute of Informatics and Systematics.

In-text Citation:

(Callaos et al. 2008)

Conference Papers
Reference List:

Thorneycroft IH. 1990. Oral contraceptives and myocardial infarction. In: Toward a new
standard in oral contraception. Proceedings of a symposium held at the 12th World Congress on
Fertility and Sterility; 1989 Oct 3; Marrakesh, Morocco. St. Louis (MO): Mosby-Year Book; 1990.
p. 1393-1397

In-text Citation:

(Thorneycroft 1990)

Multi-Volume Work
Reference List:

Parkman F. 1915. The conspiracy of Pontiac and the Indian War after the conquest of Canada.
Vol. 1, To the massacre at Michillimackinac. New York (NY): Scribners.

In-text Citation:

(Parkman 1915)

Web Documents
Basic Format:

Title of homepage [Internet]. Date of publication. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher; [updated date;
cited date]. Available from: URL

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Webpage
Reference List:

PDRHealth [Internet]. c2010. Montvale, NJ: PDRHealth; [cited 2011 Jan 24]. Available from:
http://www.pdrhealth.com/

In-text Citation:

(PDRHealth 2010)

Webpage with Personal Author
Reference List:

Mulhauser G. [Internet]. 2010. An introduction to cognitive therapy & cognitive behavioural
approaches. Newton Abbot (UK): CounsellingResource.com; [updated 2010 Nov 2; cited 2011
Jan 22]. Available from: http://counsellingresource.com/types/cognitive-therapy

In-text Citation:

(Mulhauser 2010)

Webpages with Corporate Authors
Reference List:

[IRPC] Industrial Psychology Research Centre. [Internet]. 2010. Aberdeen (UK): University of
Aberdeen. [updated 2010 Oct 6; cited 2011 Jan 22]. Available from:
http://www.abdn.ac.uk/iprc/

In-text Citation:

(IRPC 2010)

Audiovisual Sources
Video Clip: Retrieved from the Internet (i.e., YouTube)
Reference List:

Kriebel G. 2008. Kamloops, BC Tourism Commercial [Internet]. YouTube.com; [cited 2011 Jan
25]. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/user/ODPLLC#p/u/1/PVQiMG-oHW8

In-text Citation:

(Kriebel 2008)

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Motion Picture
Note: Use “videocassette” for VHS tapes and “videodisc” for DVDs.

Reference List:

Downey D, producer/director. 2008. Community health nursing: a practical view. [videodisc]. St.
John’s (NL): Memorial University of Newfoundland. 1 videodisc: 28 min, sound, colour, 4 ¾ in.

In-text Citation:

(Downey 2006)

Personal Communication & Handouts

Personal Communication
Note: Do not include references to personal communication (e.g., letters, phone calls, conversations, text
messages, emails, and interviews) in your reference list. Instead, CSE recommends placing them within
the body of the paper and acknowledge them in a “Notes” section.

In-text Citation:

… although this is not an easy thing to do (2008 letter from S Neifer to me), it is well worth the
effort.

Laboratory Report or Handout
Reference List:

Smith B. 2009. Retrieving data from the 2006 Census. SOCI 121 Laboratory Handout. Kamloops
(BC): Librarians Department, Thompson Rivers University.

In-text Citation:

(Smith 2009)

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