Database fragmentation
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This document discusses database fragmentation in distributed database management systems (DDBMS). Database fragmentation allows a single database object to be broken into multiple segments that can be stored across different sites on a network. This improves efficiency, security, parallelism, availability, reliability and performance. There are three main types of fragmentation: horizontal, vertical, and mixed. Horizontal fragmentation breaks data by attributes like location, vertical by attributes like departments, and mixed uses both. While fragmentation provides advantages, it also increases complexity, cost, and makes security and integrity control more difficult.
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Database fragmentation
- 1. PRESENTATION ON Database Fragmentation
- 2. Views about thisstatement A transaction can be executed by multiple networked computers in a unified manner.
- 3. DDBMS ? Tounderstand DDBMS….. o Database o DBMS
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- 6. Data Fragmentation “Data fragmentationallows you to break a single object into two or more segments.” The object might be:- o User’s database. o System database. o A table
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- 8. Storage of Fragmentsin DDBMS Each fragment can be stored at any site over network . Information about data fragmentation is stored in (DDC) . DDC is accessed by the TP to process user requests .
- 9. Types of DataFragmentation Horizontal fragmentation Vertical fragmentation Mixed fragmentation
- 11. Horizontal Fragmentation: XYZ Company’smanagement requires information about its customers in all three states. States are:- TN FL GA Requirement:- Data regarding local customers only.
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- 14. Vertical Fragmentation Company’s managementrequires information about its customers in Two Departments. Two departments: the service department and the collections department. Each department has an interest in only a few of the CUSTOMER table’s attributes .
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- 17. Mixed Fragmentation Company’s structurerequires that the CUSTOMER data be fragmented horizontally to accommodate the various company locations. Within the locations, the data must be fragmented vertically to accommodate the two departments.
- 20. Advantages of Fragmentation Reflectsorganizational structure Improved share ability and local autonomy Improved availability Improved reliability Improved performance Economics
- 21. Limitations of Fragmentation Complexity Cost Security Integritycontrol more difficult Lack of standards Lack of experience Database design more complex
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