Docker command
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This document summarizes the steps to build and run a Docker container for Nginx. It describes creating a Dockerfile that installs Nginx on Ubuntu, builds the image, runs a container from the image mounting a local directory, and commits changes to create a new image version. Key steps include installing Nginx, exposing ports 80 and 443, committing a container to create a new image with added files, and using Docker commands like build, run, commit, diff and inspect.
![hello-nginx Dockerfile
$ vi Dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:14.04
MAINTAINER Foo Bar <foo@bar.com>
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y nginx
RUN echo "ndaemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
RUN chown -R www-data:www-data /var/lib/nginx
VOLUME ["/data", "/etc/nginx/site-enabled", "/var/log/nginx"]
WORKDIR /etc/nginx
CMD ["nginx"]
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
step1
step2
step3
step4
step5
step6
step7
step8
step9
step10
step11](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockercommand-160526092747/85/Docker-command-2-320.jpg)
![Step 3 : RUN apt-get update
---> Running in 4d96969f6245
Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease [65.9 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security InRelease [65.9 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg [933 B]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release [58.5 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main Sources [346 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted Sources [5217 B]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe Sources [195 kB]
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages [964 kB]
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [23.5 kB]
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe amd64 Packages [465 kB]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main Sources [147 kB]
Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted Sources [3920 B]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe Sources [42.7 kB]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main amd64 Packages [602 kB]
Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted amd64 Packages [20.2 kB]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockercommand-160526092747/85/Docker-command-4-320.jpg)
![Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe amd64 Packages [168 kB]
Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Sources [1335 kB]
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Sources [5335 B]
Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Sources [7926 kB]
Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main amd64 Packages [1743 kB]
Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted amd64 Packages [16.0 kB]
Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe amd64 Packages [7589 kB]
Fetched 21.8 MB in 40s (542 kB/s)
Reading package lists...
---> 10c685744ed4
Removing intermediate container 4d96969f6245
Step 4 : RUN apt-get install -y nginx
---> Running in 11b02f8ee345
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
The following extra packages will be installed:
fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core geoip-database libfontconfig1
libfreetype6 libgd3 libgeoip1 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libtiff5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockercommand-160526092747/85/Docker-command-5-320.jpg)
![$ docker history hello:0.1
IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT
c50c1b568757 41 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 443/tcp 0 B
d7111e6f6b1a 41 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 80/tcp 0 B
3664b1f5c5f7 41 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["nginx"] 0 B
0be42e5bf5c2 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /etc/nginx 0 B
1b38c26b24fb 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) VOLUME [/data /etc/nginx/si 0 B
f2c6ffc2f95d 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c chown -R www-data:www-data /var/li 0 B
1f167b0a39a3 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c echo "ndaemon off;" >> /etc/nginx 1.614 kB
19099969214f 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c apt-get install -y nginx 18.15 MB
10c685744ed4 About a minute ago /bin/sh -c apt-get update 21.79 MB
da79740af78d About a minute ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Foo Bar <foo@bar 0 B
90d5884b1ee0 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0 B
<missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c sed -i 's/^#s*(deb.*universe)$/ 1.895 kB
<missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* 0 B
<missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c set -xe && echo '#!/bin/sh' > /u 194.5 kB
<missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:b64f702c5b33d12426 187.8 MB](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockercommand-160526092747/85/Docker-command-9-320.jpg)
![$ docker inspect hello-nginx
[
{
"Id": "1262901819bd5e2a68fb227386bac81dd7da438267f50215d6acd4cc5da4077a",
"Created": "2016-05-25T15:44:57.096609197Z",
"Path": "nginx",
"Args": [],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 3622,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2016-05-25T15:44:57.205263081Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
}
…](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/dockercommand-160526092747/85/Docker-command-14-320.jpg)
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Docker command
- 2. hello-nginx Dockerfile $ vi Dockerfile FROM ubuntu:14.04 MAINTAINER Foo Bar <[email protected]> RUN apt-get update RUN apt-get install -y nginx RUN echo "ndaemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf RUN chown -R www-data:www-data /var/lib/nginx VOLUME ["/data", "/etc/nginx/site-enabled", "/var/log/nginx"] WORKDIR /etc/nginx CMD ["nginx"] EXPOSE 80 EXPOSE 443 step1 step2 step3 step4 step5 step6 step7 step8 step9 step10 step11
- 3. $ docker build —tag hello:0.1 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB Step 1 : FROM ubuntu:14.04 14.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu 6599cadaf950: Pull complete 23eda618d451: Pull complete f0be3084efe9: Pull complete 52de432f084b: Pull complete a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete Digest: sha256:15b79a6654811c8d992ebacdfbd5152fcf3d165e374e264076aa435214a947a3 Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:14.04 ---> 90d5884b1ee0 Step 2 : MAINTAINER Foo Bar <[email protected]> ---> Running in 0f6a06fe4714 ---> da79740af78d Removing intermediate container 0f6a06fe4714
- 4. Step 3 : RUN apt-get update ---> Running in 4d96969f6245 Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease [65.9 kB] Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security InRelease [65.9 kB] Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg [933 B] Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release [58.5 kB] Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main Sources [346 kB] Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted Sources [5217 B] Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe Sources [195 kB] Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages [964 kB] Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [23.5 kB] Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe amd64 Packages [465 kB] Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main Sources [147 kB] Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted Sources [3920 B] Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe Sources [42.7 kB] Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main amd64 Packages [602 kB] Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted amd64 Packages [20.2 kB]
- 5. Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe amd64 Packages [168 kB] Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Sources [1335 kB] Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Sources [5335 B] Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Sources [7926 kB] Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main amd64 Packages [1743 kB] Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted amd64 Packages [16.0 kB] Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe amd64 Packages [7589 kB] Fetched 21.8 MB in 40s (542 kB/s) Reading package lists... ---> 10c685744ed4 Removing intermediate container 4d96969f6245 Step 4 : RUN apt-get install -y nginx ---> Running in 11b02f8ee345 Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... The following extra packages will be installed: fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core geoip-database libfontconfig1 libfreetype6 libgd3 libgeoip1 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libtiff5
- 6. Step 5 : RUN echo "ndaemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ---> Running in 0d6c5151966d ---> 1f167b0a39a3 Removing intermediate container 0d6c5151966d Step 6 : RUN chown -R www-data:www-data /var/lib/nginx ---> Running in 19abc00dc949 ---> f2c6ffc2f95d Removing intermediate container 19abc00dc949 Step 7 : VOLUME /data /etc/nginx/site-enabled /var/log/nginx ---> Running in 9ed5de33cd83 ---> 1b38c26b24fb Removing intermediate container 9ed5de33cd83 Step 8 : WORKDIR /etc/nginx ---> Running in 1668da3366d5 ---> 0be42e5bf5c2 Removing intermediate container 1668da3366d5 Step 9 : CMD nginx ---> Running in 361ad937396e ---> 3664b1f5c5f7
- 7. Step 10 : EXPOSE 80 ---> Running in 085ff2b47ff1 ---> d7111e6f6b1a Removing intermediate container 085ff2b47ff1 Step 11 : EXPOSE 443 ---> Running in 836593b6df28 ---> c50c1b568757 Removing intermediate container 836593b6df28 Successfully built c50c1b568757
- 8. $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE hello 0.1 c50c1b568757 22 seconds ago 227.9 MB ubuntu 14.04 90d5884b1ee0 3 weeks ago 188 MB
- 9. $ docker history hello:0.1 IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT c50c1b568757 41 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 443/tcp 0 B d7111e6f6b1a 41 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE 80/tcp 0 B 3664b1f5c5f7 41 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["nginx"] 0 B 0be42e5bf5c2 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /etc/nginx 0 B 1b38c26b24fb 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) VOLUME [/data /etc/nginx/si 0 B f2c6ffc2f95d 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c chown -R www-data:www-data /var/li 0 B 1f167b0a39a3 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c echo "ndaemon off;" >> /etc/nginx 1.614 kB 19099969214f 42 seconds ago /bin/sh -c apt-get install -y nginx 18.15 MB 10c685744ed4 About a minute ago /bin/sh -c apt-get update 21.79 MB da79740af78d About a minute ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Foo Bar <foo@bar 0 B 90d5884b1ee0 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"] 0 B <missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c sed -i 's/^#s*(deb.*universe)$/ 1.895 kB <missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* 0 B <missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c set -xe && echo '#!/bin/sh' > /u 194.5 kB <missing> 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:b64f702c5b33d12426 187.8 MB
- 10. $ docker run --name hello-nginx -d -p 80:80 -v /Users/EricAhn/_Docker/example/data:/data hello:0.1 $ vi ./data/aaa.txt iiiii $ docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 1262901819bd hello:0.1 "nginx" 26 seconds ago Up 26 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp hello-nginx $ docker exec -it 1262901819bd bash root@1262901819bd:/etc/nginx# cd /data root@1262901819bd:/data# ls -la total 8 drwxr-xr-x 1 1000 staff 102 May 25 15:45 . drwxr-xr-x 46 root root 4096 May 25 15:44 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 1000 staff 4 May 25 15:45 aaa.txt root@1262901819bd:/data# exit exit $
- 11. $ docker cp hello-nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf ./ $ ls -la total 16 drwxr-xr-x 5 EricAhn staff 170 May 26 00:46 . drwxr-xr-x 3 EricAhn staff 102 May 26 00:35 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 EricAhn staff 316 May 26 00:36 Dockerfile drwxr-xr-x 3 EricAhn staff 102 May 26 00:45 data -rw-r--r-- 1 EricAhn staff 1614 May 26 00:41 nginx.conf
- 12. $ docker commit -a "Foo Bar <[email protected]>" -m "add hello.txt" hello-nginx hello:0.2 sha256:0702722ac15ba37a725c6211cf4ce329833ec5b2f69ef5913cc5a1ac227fa6c5 $ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE hello 0.2 0702722ac15b 18 seconds ago 227.9 MB hello 0.1 c50c1b568757 5 minutes ago 227.9 MB ubuntu 14.04 90d5884b1ee0 3 weeks ago 188 MB
- 13. $ docker diff hello-nginx A /data C /etc C /etc/nginx A /etc/nginx/site-enabled C /root A /root/.bash_history C /run A /run/nginx.pid C /var C /var/lib C /var/lib/nginx A /var/lib/nginx/body A /var/lib/nginx/fastcgi A /var/lib/nginx/proxy A /var/lib/nginx/scgi A /var/lib/nginx/uwsgi
- 14. $ docker inspect hello-nginx [ { "Id": "1262901819bd5e2a68fb227386bac81dd7da438267f50215d6acd4cc5da4077a", "Created": "2016-05-25T15:44:57.096609197Z", "Path": "nginx", "Args": [], "State": { "Status": "running", "Running": true, "Paused": false, "Restarting": false, "OOMKilled": false, "Dead": false, "Pid": 3622, "ExitCode": 0, "Error": "", "StartedAt": "2016-05-25T15:44:57.205263081Z", "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z" } …