edible oils and their quality aspects
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India produces around 25 million tons of edible oils per year from various oilseed crops like groundnuts, soybeans, rapeseed/mustard, sesame, and niger. The major edible oils produced are groundnut, soybean, rapeseed/mustard, sesame, and sunflower oils. Various quality aspects of edible oils are regulated by acts and standards organizations to ensure safety and nutritional quality. Oils undergo various tests to check parameters like acid value, iodine value, fatty acid profile and contaminants to ensure they meet standards before packaging and labeling for consumers.
edible oils and their quality aspects
- 1. EDIBLE OILS AND THEIR QUALITY ASPECTS Bhagya Vijayan PALB: 3120
- 2. GLANCE AT WORLD & INDIAN SCENARIOS WORLD PRODUCTION: 250 mt per annum Indian production : 25 mt per annum Productivity:955kg/ha area: 27mha
- 3. EDIBLE OIL SEED CROPS OF INDIA MAJOR GROUNDNUT SOYBEAN RAPESEED/MUSTARD SESAME NIGER MINOR SUNFLOWER SAFFLOWER COCONUT 85% EDIBLENONCONVENTIONAL 1. RICE BRAN OIL 2. PALM OIL 3. OLIVE OIL Major non edible oil seeds 1. CASTOR 2. LINSEED NONCONVENTIONAL NONEDIBLE OILCROP :COTTON SEED OIL
- 4. GLOBAL RANKING IN PRODUCTION 1ST • SESAME • SAFFLOWER • NIGER • CASTOR 2ND • GROUNDNUT • RAPESEED AND MUSTARD 3RD • LINSEED 4TH • SOYBEAN • SUNFLOWER
- 6. ACTS AND REGULATIONS 1. Vegetable oils Grading and Marking Rules,1955 2. Solvent Extracted Oil ,Deoiled Meal & Edible Flour (Control ) Order,1967 3. Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation )Order,1998 4. Food Safety and Standards Act,2006
- 7. POLY UNSATURATED FATTY ACID MONO UNSATURATED FATTY ACID SATURATED FATTY ACID TRANS FATS Order of importance
- 11. GENERALASPECTS Use good quality oilseed • Free from adulterants, sediments, suspended and other foreign matter • Oils shall be free from admixture with other oils Oils shall not contain aflatoxin, more than 30µg/kg • Metal contaminants and pesticide residues shall not exceed the tolerance limits • Only permitted antioxidants and antioxidant synergists Oil extraction following HACCP , Codex and ISI standards,Sampling followed by ISI certification
- 12. Packing :Containers made of plastic materials shall be as per IS 10142 or IS 10146 or IS 10151 or IS 10910 or IS 11434 or IS 11704 or IS 12247 or IS 12252 or IS 13601 or IS 13576. Containers made of tin shall be as per IS 10325 or IS 10339 Marking: a) the name, trade name, type and grade of the oil; b) the name and business particulars of the manufacturer; c) the net quantity of the contents in the container; d) the batch number, month and year of manufacture,expiry; e)Nutritional information Eco mark - optional
- 13. LIMITS OF TOXIC METALS Metal residue Limit 1. Lead (mg/kg)max 0.5 2. Arsenic (mg/kg)max 0.5 3. Cadmium (mg/kg)max 1.0 4. Mercury (mg/kg)max 0.25
- 14. TESTS THAT ARE PERFORMED ON EDIBLE OILS • Acid Value • Aldehyde Profiles • Aliphatic Alcohols • Dioxin • Fatty Acid • Fragrance Profiles • Hexane Residues • Hydrocarbon Profile • Iodine value • Moisture and volatiles • Mercury content • Polar compounds • Smoke point • Solid fat content
- 15. Sl.no Quality parameters REQUIREMENT 1. Smoke point HIGH 2. Flash point > 37.8 °C or 60.5°C 3. Saponification value 180-195 4. Iodine value HIGH 5. Acid value < 6 6. Refractive index @ 40 ◦C 1.44-1.48 7. Hexane (ppm) ≤ 5
- 16. SOYBEAN OIL
- 17. GROUNDNUT
- 18. SESAME
- 19. SUNFLOWER
- 20. SAFFLOWER