![config/application.rb
This is the file that defines the application object from the last slide.
require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__)
Let’s look at some key components
require 'rails/all'
Bundler.require(:default,
Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler)
module AwesomeBlog
class Application < Rails::Application
config.encoding = "utf-8"
config.filter_parameters += [:password]
end
end
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-23-320.jpg)
![config/application.rb
require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__)
require 'rails/all'
Bundler.require(:default,
Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler)
module AwesomeBlog
class Application < Rails::Application
config.encoding = "utf-8"
config.filter_parameters += [:password]
end
end
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-24-320.jpg)
![config/application.rb
require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__)
require 'rails/all'
Bundler.require(:default,
Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler)
module AwesomeBlog
class Application < Rails::Application
config.encoding = "utf-8"
config.filter_parameters += [:password]
end
end
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-25-320.jpg)
![config/application.rb
require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__)
require 'rails/all'
Bundler.require(:default, A Rack App!
Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler)
module AwesomeBlog
class Application < Rails::Application
config.encoding = "utf-8"
config.filter_parameters += [:password]
end
end
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-26-320.jpg)
![config/application.rb
require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__)
require 'rails/all'
Bundler.require(:default,
Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler)
module AwesomeBlog
class Application < Rails::Application
config.encoding = "utf-8"
config.filter_parameters += [:password]
end
end
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-28-320.jpg)
![config/boot.rb
require 'rubygems'
# Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
gemfile =
File.expand_path('../../Gemfile', __FILE__)
begin
ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = gemfile
require 'bundler'
Bundler.setup
rescue Bundler::GemNotFound => e
STDERR.puts e.message
STDERR.puts "Try running `bundle install`."
exit!
end if File.exist?(gemfile)
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-29-320.jpg)
![public/javascripts/rails.js
$(document.body).observe("click", function(event) {
// ....
var element = event.findElement(
"a[data-remote]");
if (element) {
handleRemote(element);
event.stop();
return true;
}
The javascript that handles all the data-* attributes is in rails.js
// ....
});
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-53-320.jpg)
![public/javascripts/rails.js
$('a[data-remote],input[data-remote]').
live('click', function (e) {
$(this).callRemote();
e.preventDefault();
});
This is the code that is in the jQuery rails.js driver
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-55-320.jpg)
![Optional Segments
match "/posts(/:page)" => "posts#index"
Will match a request to /posts, and a request
to /posts/5
if page is not there, params[:page] will be nil, if
it is present in the request, the param will be set.
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-91-320.jpg)
![Defaults
You can specify default parameters. If the page
segment is not in the Request, params[:page] will
be set to 1
match "/posts(/:page)" => "posts#index",
:defaults => { :page => 1 }
Friday, May 7, 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/frozenrailsslides-100507093157-phpapp02/85/Frozen-Rails-Slides-92-320.jpg)
Frozen Rails Slides
- 1. Rails 3: Witha Vengeance Friday, May 7, 2010
- 2. Friday, May 7,2010
- 3. Friday, May 7,2010
- 4. Rails 3: Witha Vengeance Friday, May 7, 2010
- 5. Friday, May 7,2010
- 6. New talk title: Friday,May 7, 2010
- 7. DHH introduced Rails3 at last RailsConf. He likes whoppers. I actually hate burger king entirely. I’m not sure how anybody can eat there. But that’s OK, because I can make my own rails burger the way I like Rails 3: Tasty Burgers Friday, May 7, 2010
- 8. Friday, May 7,2010
- 9.
- 10. A lot likeRails 2.3 We tried really hard to not break any 2.x APIs unless it was really deemed necessary or a big win. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 11. Only surface levelstuff is the same. A lot under the hood has changed and there are a lot more features. I obviously can’t cover everything in depth in an hour, so I’m going to gloss over a lot and you can all look into details later. But not really... Friday, May 7, 2010
- 12. What hasn’t changed Quick Refresher Friday, May 7, 2010
- 13.
- 14.
- 15. The router /controller / ActiveRecord model is still optimized for organizing your application in terms of Resources Resources Friday, May 7, 2010
- 16.
- 17. Some changes (Arel,query api - Not going to really cover this) General ideas are the same associations ActiveRecord pattern ActiveRecord Friday, May 7, 2010
- 18.
- 19. So, what didchange? Friday, May 7, 2010
- 20. There were somet weaks to the default File structure, mostly in the config directory. This is what you get when you generate a new Rails 3 app File structure One big thing about Rails 3 is that the app file structure is not sacred, it’s just a convention, not obligation Friday, May 7, 2010
- 21. config.ru Rails 3 is pure Rack. When you start an app, it evaluates config.ru, which is a rack convention. If this file is there, all rack compatible rack servers know what to do. Could putfile is used by Rack-based(could even put a # This middleware or whatever here servers fullto start in this one file). # Rails app the application. require ::File.expand_path( '../config/environment', __FILE__) run AwesomeBlog::Application Who doesn’t know what Rack is? Could put middleware or whatever here (could even put a full Rails app in this one file). Friday, May 7, 2010
- 22. config.ru That’s specifically the line that rack is looking for. The constant is a Rack app that encapsulates #everything related to the entire rails application that This file is used by Rack-based servers #we’re building the application. to start require ::File.expand_path( '../config/environment', __FILE__) run AwesomeBlog::Application Friday, May 7, 2010
- 23. config/application.rb This is the file that defines the application object from the last slide. require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__) Let’s look at some key components require 'rails/all' Bundler.require(:default, Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler) module AwesomeBlog class Application < Rails::Application config.encoding = "utf-8" config.filter_parameters += [:password] end end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 24. config/application.rb require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__) require 'rails/all' Bundler.require(:default, Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler) module AwesomeBlog class Application < Rails::Application config.encoding = "utf-8" config.filter_parameters += [:password] end end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 25. config/application.rb require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__) require 'rails/all' Bundler.require(:default, Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler) module AwesomeBlog class Application < Rails::Application config.encoding = "utf-8" config.filter_parameters += [:password] end end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 26. config/application.rb require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__) require 'rails/all' Bundler.require(:default, A Rack App! Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler) module AwesomeBlog class Application < Rails::Application config.encoding = "utf-8" config.filter_parameters += [:password] end end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 27. Contains all applicationspecific information. Takes the “in the sky” constants / globals that were needed for a rails 2.3 application and encapsulates them. Routes, Config, Middleware, Initializers Application Object One day, we’ll have many application objects in one process. Ruby summer of code project to get this done. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 28. config/application.rb require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__) require 'rails/all' Bundler.require(:default, Rails.env) if defined?(Bundler) module AwesomeBlog class Application < Rails::Application config.encoding = "utf-8" config.filter_parameters += [:password] end end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 29. config/boot.rb require 'rubygems' # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile. gemfile = File.expand_path('../../Gemfile', __FILE__) begin ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = gemfile require 'bundler' Bundler.setup rescue Bundler::GemNotFound => e STDERR.puts e.message STDERR.puts "Try running `bundle install`." exit! end if File.exist?(gemfile) Friday, May 7, 2010
- 30. config/boot.rb require 'bundler' Bundler.setup Friday, May 7, 2010
- 31. Bundler is atool we built to manage gem dependencies. As it turns out, as rails applications grow, dependencies become painful to deal with. Many years in the making. Many iterations. It grew out of projects that had many complicate dependencies and it was basically impossible to deal with it all by hand Friday, May 7, 2010
- 32. Gemfile It all starts here. This file is located at the root of the application. All gem dependencies will be listed here. So far our app is small, so we only depend on rails itself (note the version is the one that we are currently working with) and also we have a dependency on sqlite since that’s the database that we’re using. source 'http://rubygems.org' gem 'rails', '3.0.0.beta3' gem 'sqlite3-ruby', :require => 'sqlite3' Friday, May 7, 2010
- 33. Step t wois to run the “bundle install” command. * Checks gems already on system * Downloads what is missing $ bundle install Friday, May 7, 2010
- 34. No step 3 Friday,May 7, 2010
- 35. What are themajor wins that we get from using bundler? Wins: Friday, May 7, 2010
- 36. Dependencies in applicationswill evolve a lot throughout the life of an application Ruby is maturing. There are a LOT of gems out there that you’ll be wanting to use. Bundler makes doing it easy. Easy to update dependencies Friday, May 7, 2010
- 37. Gemfile What happens if you want to update your application to the latest version of rails? source 'http://rubygems.org' gem 'rails', '3.0.0.beta3' gem 'sqlite3-ruby', :require => 'sqlite3' Friday, May 7, 2010
- 38. Gemfile You’re done. All child dependencies will be handled for you. The same goes if you want to roll back to a previous version. Just change the Gemfile source 'http://rubygems.org' gem 'rails', '3.0.0' gem 'sqlite3-ruby', :require => 'sqlite3' Friday, May 7, 2010
- 39. You know allyour dependencies are accounted for and you won’t be surprised when you deploy. Bundler does not let you use a gem if it is not listed in the Gemfile. So, you can’t accidentally forget to install a gem on the ser ver when you deploy. Isolation Friday, May 7, 2010
- 40. Your Gemfile accountsfor all gems. You share your app with other developers. They run `bundle install` and they’re good to go. Bundler tracks all child dependencies as well as top level app dependencies Sharing Come back to a project 3 months later. What version of UUID was I using? (yeah, that broke deploys) Nokogiri? Designers Friday, May 7, 2010
- 41. Anybody ever hitthe “can’t activate gem foo, already activated foo at another version error”? No conflicts Friday, May 7, 2010
- 42. Without Bundler Friday, May7, 2010
- 43. Friday, May 7,2010
- 44. Step 1) Vendor Rails + Rack The Solution! Friday, May 7, 2010
- 45. Step 1) Modifythe Rails source The Solution! Friday, May 7, 2010
- 46. While we’re onthe topic of picard.... Friday, May 7, 2010
- 47. Friday, May 7,2010
- 48. Friday, May 7,2010
- 49.
- 50.
- 51. In Rails 2.3,all view helpers that required JS would spew out a whole bunch of Prototype specific javascript inline. This is bad. Helpers do not generate JS anymore Friday, May 7, 2010
- 52. Rails 3.0 helperswill now only output HTML. All required information will be added to the HTML tags via data-* Custom data-* attributes were added in HTML5, but they work in all old and busted (IE 6). <%= link_to "hello", hello_path, :remote => true %> <a href="/hello" data-remote="true">hello</a> Friday, May 7, 2010
- 53. public/javascripts/rails.js $(document.body).observe("click", function(event) { // .... var element = event.findElement( "a[data-remote]"); if (element) { handleRemote(element); event.stop(); return true; } The javascript that handles all the data-* attributes is in rails.js // .... }); Friday, May 7, 2010
- 54. Who uses jQuery? Using jQuery? http://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs Rails will ship with the Prototype driver, but you can just drop in the jquery driver at public/javascripts/rails.js We maintain it and it’s on github at the URL. You can finally easily completely rid your Rails app of all Prototype Friday, May 7, 2010
- 55. public/javascripts/rails.js $('a[data-remote],input[data-remote]'). live('click', function (e) { $(this).callRemote(); e.preventDefault(); }); This is the code that is in the jQuery rails.js driver Friday, May 7, 2010
- 56. Other wins too. Pick your JS framework when you write JS, not when you generate your Rails app. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 57. Just JS eventsbeing triggered. You can easily replace specific default behavior. There are events that are triggered that you can bind to. ajax:before, ajax:after, etc... Customizable Friday, May 7, 2010
- 58. Rails is likea toolkit to build rails. Think about it. Everything is a “plugin” Friday, May 7, 2010
- 59.
- 60.
- 61.
- 62.
- 63.
- 64.
- 65.
- 66.
- 67. You can buildplugins too. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 68. Railtie is aclass that integrates a library with rails. Look at how ActiveRecord does it. Look at how everything else does it. Railtie When we built Rails 3, we didn’t add hook points for all these other libraries after the fact. We made hooks for ourselves to use, which has the nice side effect of other libraries being able to use them. RSpec, DataMapper, HAML, etc... all use the same hooks that Rails uses Friday, May 7, 2010
- 69. Configuration Rake Tasks Generator Overrides You actually rarely need a Railtie to integrate with Rails. Railties are for a few specific things. Initializers Friday, May 7, 2010
- 70. Configuration Rake Tasks Generator Overrides Provide configuration opportunities to Rails applications config.active_record in config/application.rb Initializers If you want to provide default config values, you need a Railtie Friday, May 7, 2010
- 71. Configuration Rake Tasks Generator Overrides All ActiveRecord’s rake tasks are in it’s Railtie, which means that when AR isn’t required, the rake tasks go away. Initializers If you want to easily provide Rake tasks to a Rails app, you need a Railtie Friday, May 7, 2010
- 72. If you wantto hook in to: * rails generate controller Foo * rails generate model Configuration Foo you need a Railtie. RSpec uses this to provide the same level of integration thatRake Tasks TestUnit gets Generator Overrides Initializers Friday, May 7, 2010
- 73. If you wantto hook into the initialization Configuration cycle of a Rails application, you’ll need a Railtie Rake Tasks Generator Overrides Initializers Friday, May 7, 2010
- 74. HTML escaping Friday, May7, 2010
- 75. Rails 2.3 <p> <%= h @comment.title %> (by <%= h @comment.author.username %>) </p> <%= simple_format h(@comment.body) %> This is what a view might have looked in Rails 2.3 Friday, May 7, 2010
- 76. Rails 2.3 <p> <%= h @comment.title %> (by <%= h @comment.author.username %>) </p> <%= simple_format h(@comment.body) %> If you forget one spot, you’re site gets hacked ... I’m sure everybody here has missed at least 1 spot to escape Friday, May 7, 2010
- 77. Rails 3.0 New! No more pesky h() <p> <%= @comment.title %> (by <%= @comment.author.username %>) </p> <%= simple_format(@comment.body) %> Now, you don’t have to worry about escaping anything anymore. Rails does it for you. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 78. XSS Protection bydefault Friday, May 7, 2010
- 79. app/helpers/application_helper.rb def escaped(str) Simply returning a string a str string will be escaped. end If you don’t want a string to be def not_escaped(str) escaped, you just mark it as str.html_safe html_safe and it won’t be end modified by Rails. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 80. Block helpers Friday, May7, 2010
- 81. Rails 2.3 This is what block <% form_for @post do |f| %> helpers might look <%= f.text_field :title %> like in 2.3 <% end %> <% box do %> <p>Hello World!</p> <% end %> Friday, May 7, 2010
- 82. Rails 2.3 def box(&block) This is the content = "<div class='box'>" << capture(&block) << "</div>" implementation. if block_called_from_erb? I’m not even going to concat(content) really talk about this, else Just notice that it’s content crazy end end Most of this is needed to make the helper work in and outside of ERB. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 83. Rails 2.3 Outputs method’s return value <% form_for @post do |f| %> <%= f.text_field :title %> <% end %> Ignores method’s return value <% box do %> <p>Hello World!</p> The reason why you <% end %> need the craziness is because of how ERB works. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 84. Rails 3.0 <%= form_for @post do |f| %> In Rails 3.0 block helpers <%= f.text_field :title %> have become consistent <% end %> with ERB. form_for will actually <%= box do %> output content to the <p>Hello World!</p> view, aka, the form tags. <% end %> So, now you use %= The same goes for custom block helpers Friday, May 7, 2010
- 85. Rails 3.0 def box(&block) All you do now for "<div class='box'>" block helpers is return the string that you "#{capture(&block)}" want outputted to the "</div>" view. end Block helpers aren’t special anymore. They work the same inside and outside ERB Friday, May 7, 2010
- 86. Rails 3.0 def box(&block) "<div class='box'>" "#{capture(&block)}" "</div>".html_safe end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 87. Massive API overhaul. Router Friday, May 7, 2010
- 88. You don’t haveto rush to update your route file to get on Rails 3.0 The old DSL will probably stop working in Rails 3.1 or 3.2, but you have time before that happens. Old DSL still works, just deprecated. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 89. Matching map.connect "/posts", :controller => :posts, :action => :index Friday, May 7, 2010
- 90. Matching map.connect "/posts", :controller => :posts, :action => :index match "/posts" => "posts#index" posts#index is short hand for specifying the controller and action. It’s just much easier to write. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 91. Optional Segments match "/posts(/:page)" => "posts#index" Will match a request to /posts, and a request to /posts/5 if page is not there, params[:page] will be nil, if it is present in the request, the param will be set. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 92. Defaults You can specify default parameters. If the page segment is not in the Request, params[:page] will be set to 1 match "/posts(/:page)" => "posts#index", :defaults => { :page => 1 } Friday, May 7, 2010
- 93. Named Routes The same helpers are available. * posts_path * posts_url match "/posts(/:page)" => "posts#index", :defaults => { :page => 1 }, :as => "posts" Friday, May 7, 2010
- 94. Scopes Let’s you set the same options to a group of routes. Almost anything can be scoped. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 95. Path Scopes /admin/posts scope :path => "/admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 96. Path Scopes Paths are probably the most common item to scope on, so it’s the default. scope "/admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 97. Module Scope Routes to Admin::PostsController / Admin::UsersController scope :module => "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 98. Both namespace "admin" do match "/posts" => "posts#index" match "/users" => "users#index" end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 99. HTTP Methods Routing by specific HTTP methods Friday, May 7, 2010
- 100. POST Request match "/posts" => "posts#index", :via => "delete" Any HTTP method can be used here Friday, May 7, 2010
- 101. Scoping scope "/posts" do controller :posts do get "/" => :index end end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 102. Scoping scope "/posts" do Yet another controller :posts do shorthand get "/" => :index end end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 103. Scoping scope "/posts" do get URL controller :posts do get "/" => :index end end Friday, May 7, 2010
- 104. Scoping get / post / post / delete methods are shorthands for :via => “get” This method can be used anywhere in the routes file get "/posts" => "posts#index" Friday, May 7, 2010
- 105.
- 106. Regexp Constraint get "/:id" => "posts#index", :id => /d+/ Friday, May 7, 2010
- 107. Regexp Constraint Constraints on arbitrary methods of Request object. Will use the “user_agent” method on the Request object get "/posts" => "posts#mobile", :user_agent => /iPhone/ Friday, May 7, 2010
- 108. Defaults + Constraints Friday,May 7, 2010
- 109. Constraint + Default How does it not get confused? If you use a Regex on as the value of the hash, it is a constraint, other wise, it is a default get "/posts" => "posts#mobile", :user_agent => /iPhone/, :mobile => true Friday, May 7, 2010
- 110. Object Constraints Any object that responds to matches? can be a router constraint class DubDubConstraint def self.matches?(request) request.host =~ /^(www.)/ # true / false end end get "/" => "posts#index", :constraints => DubDubConstraint Friday, May 7, 2010
- 111. Everything that usedto be in ActionController that made sense without ActionController. There is a lot, all rack middleware. * Session * Cookies * Router * Flash * etc.. Rack Everywhere Can be used without AC and only Rack. This is the minimum requirement for “Rails” Friday, May 7, 2010
- 112. Rack You can get a rack app for any controller action PostsController.action(:index) Friday, May 7, 2010
- 113. Routing + Rack This is what happens behind the scenes in my previous examples get "/posts" => PostsController.action(:index) Friday, May 7, 2010
- 114. Routing + Rack Just a Rack app get "/posts" => PostsController.action(:index) Friday, May 7, 2010
- 115. Routing + Rack Any Rack app get "/posts" => PostsController.action(:index) Friday, May 7, 2010
- 116. Routing + Rack Sinatra app get "/posts" => MySinatraPostsApp Friday, May 7, 2010
- 117. Routing + Rack Camping app get "/posts" => MyCampingPostsApp Friday, May 7, 2010
- 118. Routing + Rack Ramaze app get "/posts" => MyRamazePostsApp Friday, May 7, 2010
- 119. Routing + Rack The possibilities are endless Any Rack app get "/posts" => MyConstantThatRespondsToCall Friday, May 7, 2010
- 120.
- 121. It’s new Massive API overhaul I’m out of time Friday, May 7, 2010
- 122. A lot ofdetailed stuff about what’s new with Rails 3. * Articles * Blog posts * Screencasts * QAs * Aggregation of other Rails 3 info Friday, May 7, 2010
- 123.
- 124. Upgrading I want to mention upgrading really quick Rails 1.x apps -> 3.0 is really easy (15 minutes) Rails 2.x is a little bit harder Friday, May 7, 2010
- 125. Step 1) Generatea new app Look at the generated file structure Friday, May 7, 2010
- 126.
- 127.
- 128. It will tryto find all deprecated but still working methods as well * Router * AR API * config/* * Deprecated constants http://github.com/rails/rails_upgrade * Mail API * Known broken plugins * Helpers * But all this stuff still will work in rails 3, just will spew out deprecation notices. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 129. Questions? We have 2 other Rails core people here, they can answer questions too. Friday, May 7, 2010
- 130. Questions? Email: [email protected] (I accept fan mail) Twitter: @carllerche (I’m interesting. Really!) I will tweet the slides. So make sure you are following me. Friday, May 7, 2010