Fundamentals Windows 10 and 11 - a basic-guide

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Microsoft Windows 10 & 11
By Arsalan Hussain
Careervision Institute, I-8/4 Islamabad. Whatsapp: 03005665959

Windows 10 and Windows 11
Windows 10 : is an operating system. It is the
direct successor to Windows 8.1, which was
released nearly two years earlier. It was
released to manufacturing on July 15, 2015,
and later to retail on July 29, 2015.
 Windows 10 and 11 has graphical user interface (GUI) that allows you
to visually interact with your computer’s functions in a logical, fun, and
easy way
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Starting Windows 10 and Windows 11
 When you turn the computer ON “cold booting”, the computer will
upload the operating system.
 Booting: the time from turn ON until the user get the access to there
computer .
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What is Windows Desktop?
 When you power ON the Windows system the first
screen graphical display to start operations.
 The Desktop is the main Windows Operating screen. It
is the work area where dialog boxes, tasks bar,
Application icons, and menus appear.
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Windows 10 Desktop
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Windows 11 Desktop
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Desktop Icons
 The Desktop is where you’ll find icons (small pictures)
for many of your most frequently used programs. You’ll
most likely see icons for Computer, Documents,
Recycle Bin, and Internet Explorer.
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Windows Desktop Components
Operating system
Desktop
Taskbar
Window
Icon
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Desktop
Taskbar
Icons
Start button
Quick Launch System Icon
Search

Desktop Components
 Icons – graphic image (pictures ) that represents an
object available to your computer.
 Desktop picture or background-Displays the colors and
graphics of your desktop; you can change the desktop
background to look the way you want it such as using a
picture. Also called wallpaper.
 Desktop-your workplace on the screen.
 Start Button-provides access to Windows 7 programs,
documents, and information on the Internet. Generally
located in the lower left corner of the desktop.
 Cortana Search for Local Programs and Feature and
Online Support
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Desktop Components
 Program buttons-launches Microsoft Word,
Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Power Point,
Microsoft Edge Browser, Windows Media
Player, MS Paint, Notepad, File Manger
Explorer and the program buttons that you
have chosen to pin to the taskbar.
 Taskbar-contains the Start button and buttons
that give you quick access to common tools
and the programs currently running. Generally
located along the bottom of the desktop.
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Desktop Components
 Notification area-shows the notification icons, the
current date and time and lets you set the clock. Also
known as the system tray and generally located in
the lower right corner of the desktop.
 Recycle Bin icon-contains files and folders that you
delete. The deleted files are not gone until you
empty the Recycle bin.
 This PC: This PC allows the user to explore the
contents of their computer drives as well as manage
their computer files
 Display Recycle Bin, This PC , Network Icon by right-
click, Personalize Setting in Theme Section
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The Taskbar
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MS WORD
Program icons

The Taskbar
 The taskbar enables you to move between open
windows and provides access to the resources of your
computer.
 Using the taskbar, you activate a window that is
covered by other windows by clicking the program
icon.
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 Icons can be classifies as the following
 Folder Icons
 File icons
 Shortcut icons
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Folder Icons ”directories”: store files
and other folders. They are used to
organize files on computer. The folders
themselves take up virtually no space
on the hard drive
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 File icons: a collection of data stored in one
unit, identified by a filename. They can be
documents, programs, libraries, and other
compilations of data.
 File name consists of two part name and
extension
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 Start Menu
The Start menu is the main gateway to your computer's
programs, folders, and settings. It's called a menu
because it provides a list of choices, just as a
restaurant menu does.
To display the Start Menu do the following
• Move the mouse pointer to start button on the taskbar
• Click the start button once.
• You can choose from a menu by moving the mouse
pointer over an item.
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The Start Menu
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Programs
List of Options
Shut down
Search box
Start button
Play Games Suggestion

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The Start menu is divided into panes, with similar items grouped on
a pane.
The left pane displays a list of programs that you commonly
access on the computer.
The right pane accesses your List previously access contents,
weather, stock market etc. along with a lot of game suggestion,
apps from Microsoft store.
the Search box enables you to type keywords to complete
searches for files or folders on your computer. Searching will be
covered in a later slide in this presentation.
The Start Menu

 Use the Start menu to do these common activities:
 Start programs
 Open commonly used folders
 Get a Glance of Recently used programs
 Install Microsoft Apps & Games from Store
 Get help with the Windows operating system
 Turn off the computer
 Log off from Windows or switch to a different
user account
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 Shutting Down the computer
 Click the Shut down button to turn off the computer.
 Switch user: easy way for another person to log on to the computer
without logging you off or closing your programs and files.
 Log off: When you log off from Windows, all of the programs you
were using are closed, but the computer is not turned off.
 Lock: You'll have to enter your password when you come back,
which helps keep your work more secure.
 Restart: The Restart button "reboots" your computer (it is sometimes
called a "warm boot" or "soft boot.") That means it saves your
information to the hard drive, turns off the computer for a moment,
and then turns it back on again.
 Sleep: puts computer in a low-power state, but doesn't turn it off.
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Window Components
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Scroll bar
Minimize window Maximize window Close window
Title bar

Working with Windows
 Whenever you open a program, file, or
folder, it appears on your screen in a box
or frame called a window
Parts of a window
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Parts of a typical window
 Title bar. Displays the name of the document and program
 Minimize, Maximize, and Close buttons. These buttons hide
the window, enlarge it to fill the whole screen, and close it,
respectively
 Menu bar. Contains items that you can click to make
choices in a program.
 Scroll bar. Lets you scroll the contents of the window to see
information that is currently out of view.
 Borders and corners. You can drag these with your mouse
pointer to change the size of the window.
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Moving a window
 To move a window, point to its title bar with the mouse pointer. Then drag the window to
the location that you want.
Changing the size of a window
 To make a window fill the entire screen, click its Maximize button Picture of the Maximize
button or double-click the window's title bar.
 To return a maximized window to its former size, click its Restore button Picture of the
Restore button (this appears in place of the Maximize button). Or, double-click the
window's title bar.
 To resize a window (make it smaller or bigger), point to any of the window's borders or
corners. When the mouse pointer changes to a two-headed arrow drag the border or
corner to shrink or enlarge the window.
 A window that is maximized cannot be resized. You must restore it to its previous size first.
 Note: Although most windows can be maximized and resized, there are some windows
that are fixed in size, such as dialog boxes
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Hiding a window
 Hiding a window is called minimizing it. To minimize a window, click its
Minimize button Picture of the Minimize button. The window disappears from
the desktop and is visible only as a button on the taskbar, the long horizontal
bar at the bottom of your screen
 To make a minimized window appear again on the desktop, click its taskbar
button. The window appears exactly as it did before you minimized it
Closing a window
 Closing a window removes it from the desktop and taskbar. To close a
window, click its Close button Picture of the Close button.
 Note: If you close a document without saving any changes you made, a
message appears that gives you the option to save your changes.
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Switching between windows
 If you open more than one program or document, Using the taskbar. The taskbar
provides a way to organize all of your windows. Each window has a corresponding
button on the taskbar. To switch to another window, just click its taskbar button. The
window appears in front of all other windows, becoming the active window—the
one you're currently working in.
 To easily identify a window, point to its taskbar button. A small picture called a
thumbnail appears that shows you a miniature version of the window. This preview is
especially useful if you can't identify a window by its title alone.
 Using ALT+TAB. You can switch to the previous window by pressing ALT+TAB, or cycle through all open
windows and the desktop by holding down ALT and repeatedly pressing TAB. Release ALT to show the
selected window.
 Using Windows Flip 3D. Windows Flip 3D arranges your windows in a three-
dimensional stack that you can quickly flip through. ( Hold down the Windows
logo key Picture of the Windows logo key and press TAB to open Flip 3D.
Release the Windows logo key to display the frontmost window in the stack. Or,
click any part of any window in the stack to display that window.
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Arranging windows automatically
 Now that you know how to move and resize
windows, you can arrange them however you
like on your desktop. You can also have
Windows automatically arrange them in one of
three ways: cascading, vertically stacked, or side
by side.
 To choose one of these options, open some
windows on your desktop, then right-click an
empty area of the taskbar and click Cascade
windows, Show windows stacked, or Show
windows side by side.

Arranging windows using Snap
 Snap will automatically resize your
windows when you move, or snap,
them to the edge of the screen.
You can use Snap to arrange
windows side by side, expand
windows vertically, or maximize a
window.
 To arrange windows side by side
 1. Drag the title bar of a window to
the left or right side of the screen
until an outline of the expanded
window appears.
 2. Release the mouse to expand
the window.
 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 with
another window to arrange the
windows side by side.

To expand a window vertically by snapping
 1. Point to the top or
bottom edge of an open
window until the pointer
changes into a double-
headed arrow .
 2. Drag the edge of the
window to the top or
bottom of the screen to
expand the window to
the entire height of the
desktop. The width of the
window doesn't change.

To maximize a window by snapping
 1. Drag the title bar of the
window to the top of the
screen. The window's
outline expands to fill the
screen.
 2. Release the window to
expand it to fill the entire
desktop.

Dialog Boxes
 DIALOG BOXES are
special windows where
you are asked to give
details and select options.
 The choices you make are
then sent as commands
to the software you are
using. DIALOG BOXES vary
depending on the task
requested as well as the
application.

Viewing and arranging files and
folders
 When you open a folder and see your files,
you might prefer larger (or smaller) icons, or
an arrangement that lets you see different
kinds of information about each file.
 Each time you click the Views button, the
folder window changes the way it displays
your file and folder icons, alternating
between large icons, a smaller icon view
called Tiles, and a view called Details that
shows several columns of information about
the file.
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Working with file and folder
Selecting Files and Folders
 Before you move, copy or delete files and folders, they must be selected .
 Selecting Single object: To select a single object, click on it once.
 Selecting Multiple object:
• To select a consecutive group of files or folders, click the first item,
press and hold down the Shift key, and then click the last item.
• To select multiple files or folders that are near each other, drag the
mouse pointer to create a selection around the outside of all the items
that you want to include.
• To select non-consecutive files or folders, press and hold down the
Ctrl key, and then click each item that you want to select.
• To select all of the files or folders in a window, on the toolbar, click
Organize, and then click Select all. If you want to exclude one or more
items from your selection, press and hold down the Ctrl key, and then
click the items.

Create a Folder (file, shortcut)
 Open the drive or folder where you want to create
a folder. (file, shortcut)
 Click the Organize button on the toolbar, and then
click New folder. (file, shortcut)
 With the New Folder name selected, type a new
name. (the default name for folders is New Folder)
 Press Enter.
Tips : Right-click a blank area on the desktop or in the
folder window, point to New, and then click Folder
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Copying
 When you copy an item, the original item remains in its original
location— plus you have the new copy.
• Open the location that contains the file you want to copy.
• Right-click the file, and then click Copy.
• Open the location where you want to store the copy.
• Right-click an empty space within the location, and then
click Paste. The copy of the original file is now stored in the
new location.
Tips: Another way to copy and paste files is to use the keyboard shortcuts
Ctrl+C / (Copy) and Ctrl+V (Paste). .
Tips:You can also press and hold the right-mouse button and then drag
the file to the new location. When you release the mouse button, click
Copy here.
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Moving (cut)
 Moving cuts the item from its previous location
and places it in a new location.
• Select the files or folders you want to move.
• Click the Organize button on the toolbar, and
then click Cut.
• Display the destination folder where you want
to move the files or folder.
• Click the Organize button on the toolbar, and
then click past
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Drag and drop.
• Select the files or folders you want to copy or move.
• In the Navigation pane, point to a folder list to display the expand and collapse
arrows.
• Click the arrows to display the destination folder, and then click the destination
folder.
• Right-click the selected files or folders, drag to the destination folder, and then
click Copy Here or Move Here.
Tips: To move the selected items, drag them to the destination folder. To copy the
items, hold down the Ctrl key while you drag.
 Another way to copy and paste files is to use the keyboard shortcuts Ctrl+X
(Cut) and Ctrl+V (Paste).
 dragging an item between folders that are on the same hard drive (cut, move).
 drag the item to a folder that's on a different hard drive (copy)
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Rename:
• Select the files or folders you want to rename.
• Click the Organize button on the toolbar, and then click Rename.
• type a the new name
• Press Enter
Tips: Right-click the file or folder you want to rename, click Rename,
type a name, and then press Enter.
• You can also select the file, then press F2, type a name, and then
press Enter.
• File names can be up to 255 characters. You can use spaces and
underscores in names, but you can’t use the following characters:
@ * : < > | ? “ or /. Remember the best way to keep your files
organized is with a consistent naming convention.
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Deleting
• Select the file or folder.
• Click the Organize button and select Delete from the pull-down menu.
• After you select delete a confirmation message appears
Tips:
• press right click on the item and then click delete. Or press Del buttons on the
keyboard.
• The easiest way to delete on the desktop by drag and drop it to recycle Bin.
 delete a file or folder stored in the Recycle Bin until the Recycle Bin is emptied.
 If you delete a file or folder from a network folder or from a USB flash drive, it
might be permanently deleted rather than being stored in the Recycle Bin.
 If a file cant be deleted, it might be in use by a program that's currently
running. Try closing the program or restarting your computer to fix the problem.
For more information.
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Permanently Delete
 you need to delete the files from the Recycle Bin.
 You can delete individual files from the Recycle Bin or empty the
entire Recycle Bin at once.
 Open the Recycle Bin by double-clicking the Recycle Bin on the
desktop.
 To permanently delete one file, 1-click it, 2-press Delete, and then 3-
click Yes.
 To delete all of the files, on the toolbar, click Empty the Recycle Bin,
and then click Yes.
 You can empty the Recycle Bin without opening it by right-clicking
the Recycle Bin and then clicking Empty Recycle Bin.
 You can permanently delete a file by clicking the file and then
pressing Shift + Delete.
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Restore item from recycle Bin
• Open the Recycle Bin by double-clicking the Recycle Bin on the
desktop. Do one of the following:
• To restore a file, click it, and then, on the toolbar, click Restore
this item.
• To restore all of the files, make sure that no files are selected, and
then, on the toolbar, click Restore all items.
• The files will be restored to their original locations on your
computer.
Tips: When you’ve deleted enough files to exceed this 10%, the
oldest files in the Recycle Bin are automatically and permanently
deleted from your hard disk.
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Opening an existing file or folder
To open a file, double-click it. The file will usually
open in the program that you used to create or change
it.
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Search for a file and folder
 can use different methods for different situations.
 A. Use the search box on the Start menu
Yocan u use the search box on the Start menu to find files, folders,
programs, and e-mail messages stored on your computer.
To find an item using the Start menu:
 Click the Start button, and then type a word or part of a word in the
search box.
 Search results appear as soon as you start typing in the search box
As you type, items that match your text will appear on the Start menu. The search
results are based on text in the file name, text in the file, tags, and other file
properties
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B. To save time and effort, use the search box at the
top of the open window.
 The search looks for text in the file name and
contents; and in the file properties, such as in tags. In
a library, the search includes all folders included in
the library as well as subfolders within those folders.
To search for a file or folder by using the search box:
• Type a word or part of a word in the search box.
• As you type, the contents of the folder or library are
filtered to reflect each successive character you type.
When you see the filethat you want, stop typing.
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Tips:
 a question mark (?) as a wildcard for a single
character and an asterisk (*) as a wildcard for any
number of characters.
 The easiest way to start search window is by press F3.
 I f you know which file type it is, you can just enter the
file extension
 ("JPG" for example) in the search box. • You can also
use other techniques in the search box to quickly
narrow
 down a search. .
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Windows Search
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Search bar on
Start menu
Search box in
the window

Expand or Narrow a Search
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Expand a search here Narrow a search here Search keyword

Working with Control Panel
 change settings for.
 Open Control Panel by clicking the Start button , and then
clicking Control Panel.
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 You can display Control Panel
screen with different view types as
follow
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There are two ways to find Control Panel items:
 Use search. To find a setting you're
interested in or a task you want to perform,
type a word or phrase in the search box.
 Panel by clicking different categories, and
viewing common tasks listed under each
category. Or, under View by, click either
Large icons or Small icons to view a list of all
Control Panel items..
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Control Panel Groups
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Adding Gadgets
 Gadgets, such as a clock, calendar, photo slide show,
headline feed, or puzzle, are added to your desktop to make
it more convenient for you to use
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Favorite Windows Shortcut & Tips
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Fundamentals Windows 10 and 11 - a basic-guide

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