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- 1. TEAM SPORTS
- 2. Team sports help teach adolescents accountability, dedication, leadership and other skills.
- 3. BASKETBALL Invented in December 1891 by the Canadian clergyman, educator, and physician James Naismith.
- 5. He was an instructor at the Young Men's Christian Association Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts. At the request of his superior, Dr. Luther H. Gulick, he organized a vigorous recreation suitable for indoor winter play. The game involved elements of American football, soccer, and hockey, and the first ball used was a soccer ball. Teams had nine players, and the goals were wooden peach baskets affixed to the walls.
- 6. A number of U.S. colleges adopted the game between about 1893 and 1895. In 1934 the first college games were staged in New York City's Madison Square Garden, and college basketball began to attract heightened interest.
- 7. By the 1950s basketball had become a major college sport, thus paving the way for a growth of interest in professional basketball. The first pro league, the National Basketball League, was formed in 1898 to protect players from exploitation and to promote a less rough game. This league only lasted five years before disbanding; its demise spawned a number of loosely organized leagues throughout the northeastern United States.
- 8. One of the first and greatest pro teams was the Original Celtics, organized about 1915 in New York City.
- 9. In 1949 two subsequent professional leagues, the National Basketball League (formed in 1937) and the Basketball Association of America (1946) merged to create the National Basketball Association (NBA).
- 10. The Boston Celtics, led by their center Bill Russell, dominated the NBA from the late 1950s through the 1960s. Wilt Chamberlain, a center for the Los Angeles Lakers, was another leading player during the era, and his battles with Russell were eagerly anticipated.
- 11. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, also a center, came to prominence during the 1970s. Jabbar perfected his famed "sky hook" shot while playing for the Los Angeles Lakers and dominated the opposition.
- 12. The NBA suffered a drop in popularity during the late 1970s, but was resuscitated, principally through the growing popularity of its most prominent players. Larry Bird of the Boston Celtics, and Magic Johnson of the Los Angeles Lakers are credited with injecting excitement into the league in the 1980s through their superior skills and decade-long rivalry.
- 13. During the late 1980s Michael Jordan of the Chicago Bulls rose to stardom and helped the Bulls dominate the NBA during the early 1990s. A new generation of basketball stars, including Shaquille O'Neal of the Orlando Magic and Larry Johnson of the Charlotte Hornets, have sustained the NBA's growth in popularity.
- 14. Nature and Background of BASKETBALL
- 15. Basketball is a team sport, wherein the objective is to shoot a ball through a basket horizontally positioned to score points while following a set of rules. Usually, two teams of five players play on a marked rectangular court with a basket at each width end.
- 16. A regulation basketball hoop consists of a rim 18 inches in diameter and 10 feet high mounted to a backboard.
- 17. • A team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket during regular play. • A field goal scores two points for the shooting team if a player is touching or closer to the basket than the three-point line, and three points (known commonly as a 3-pointer or three) . • The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but additional time (overtime) may be issued when the game ends with a draw. • The ball can be advanced on the court by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling) or throwing (passing) it to a team mate.
- 18. • It is a violation to move without dribbling the ball (travelling), to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling (double dribble). • Various violations are generally called "fouls". • Disruptive physical contact (a personal foul) is penalized, and a free throw is usually awarded to an offensive player if he is fouled while shooting the ball. • A technical foul may also be issued when certain infractions occur, most commonly for unsportsmanlike conduct on the part of a player or coach. • A technical foul gives the opposing team a free throw, and the opposing team is also retained possession of the ball.
- 19. Typically, the tallest members of a team will play "center", "power forward" or "small forward" positions, while shorter players or those who possess the best ball handling skills and speed play "point guard" or "shooting guard".
- 20. Competitive basketball is primarily an indoor sport played on a carefully marked and maintained basketball court, but less regulated variations are often played outdoors in both inner city and remote areas.
- 23. Shooting The 1st basic skill to be learned is shooting. Every basketball player loves to shoot the ball! The most practiced skill in the game is shooting.
- 24. Dribbling Dribbling in basketball is a skill that you should master. It allows you to move around the court while you’re in possession of the ball. It is a legal method that allows you to advance with the ball and make a score as opposed to that of passing it to a teammate to shoot it for the basket. This is how it’s done: • Dribble the ball with hand and use only the tips of your finger in dribbling it. • Employ the wrist and the forearm to push the ball while covering the court. • Don’t involve the whole hand to avoid losing control of the ball. • Don’t keep your fingers in touch with each other while dribbling. • Spread your fingers to allow full control of the ball as it dribbles. • Dribble the ball in one side of your body and not right in front. • While dribbling in one hand, use the other hand to drive your defender away from the ball.
- 25. Passing Basketball is a team game. By definition, that means all players are involved with the process of playing the game and should function as one. One of the primary skills created to accomplish this is passing. It is a skill that maximizes the involvement of all player in setting up a play to earn successful shots and earn points for the whole team. •Basically, there are two types of pass: air pass and bounce pass. Air pass travels between players without hitting the floor. Bounce pass is thrown to the floor so that it bounces to the intended receiver.
- 27. Air passes include chest pass-a pass that originates from the chest to the receiver’s chest level; and overhead pass-a pass that originates from the forehead. With this pass, aim for your teammate’s chin. Don’t bring the ball behind your head, because it can get stolen and it takes a split-second longer to throw the pass.
- 28. •In executing bounce passes, calculate about 3/3 distance from the receiver as the hitting point so that the ball bounces right to your receiver. But for better accuracy, you have to experiment by yourself because the bounce is directly proportional with how strong the ball hits the floor.
- 29. Rebounding Rebounding is one of the major aspects of the game. It is your ability to jump with power to gain possession of the ball as it bounces to the rim after a failed shot before it touches the floor. Just how important is rebounding? Whenever you grab a rebound, your team gains a chance to shoot again while the other team actually loses it.
- 30. how to make a good rebound? here’s how... •Practice good footwork and vertical leap or jumps. •Anticipate where the ball will land. •The longer the shot or the harder the rim, the farther the bounces. •When a shooter is a soft shooter, this means he always takes time to put •an arc on his shots, the ball bounces near the ring. •When a shooter is a hard shooter, this means there’s a little or no arc on •his shots, then the ball bounces far from the ring. • Leg power and strong body are needed in rebounding that’s why it is •essential that strength and power exercises should be considered to conditioning your body.
- 31. Running Running is one of the basic skills that a basketball player should possess. Because in this sport, speed defines the best. Whether you’re on the offensive or defensive side of the game, passing, receiving, shooting or rebounding a ball, you always have to run in any way possible.
- 32. Here are some tips for you to improve your running skills: •Always have a good pair of playing shoes. •Always do a combination of dynamic stretching and warm- up activities across the court before going out to play a game. Dynamic Stretching o Toe Walk o Heel Walk o Inch Walk o High Knees o Butt Kicks o Shuffle o Back Pedal o Jogging o Carioca o Jumping jacks
- 33. BASKETBALL COURT
- 34. •Court Dimensions The size of the court depends on the playing level. The size of the court for NBA and College games is 94 feet long and 50 feet wide. It is smaller for High School and Junior High. •The Backboard and Rim The regulation height above the ground for the rim (hoop) is 10 feet, and the rim is 18 inches in diameter. Backboards are six feet wide (72 inches) by 42 Inches tall, with the inner square being 24 inches wide by 18 inches tall. •The Foul Line For all size courts the 'foul line' is 15 feet in front of the backboard. •The Key The key is 12 feet wide, and is the same for all basketball courts. The backboard extends four feet out over the baseline into the key. A half circle of diameter 6 foot extends from the foul line away from the basket to complete the key. •The 3-Point Line (Arc) For NBA Basketball Courts the 3 point arc is 22 feet to the center of the rim on the sides with a straight line extending out 16 feet 9 inches from the baseline. Past those points the line extends out 23 feet 9 inches from the center of the rim. •Line Markings All line markings on the floor are two inches wide and can vary in color.
- 36. HALF COURT
- 37. BALL The basket ball is an inflated sphere with an outer covering. It is 75 to 78 cm in circumference and weighs 600-650 grams. It must be made of leather in the official FIBA competitions. BASKET Also called goal. It is made up of horizontal circular metal rim With a net hanging from it. It is mounted 3.05 m above floor level. BACKBOARD The rigid rectangular board behind the rim. Standard widths are 24”-42”, 44:- 48”, 60”-72”. SHOES High-topped shoes
- 39. THE OFFICIATING STAFF The makeup of the officiating corps is strictly a matter of choice. The minimum number is five: a referee, an umpire, a scorer, a timer and a shot-clock operator. In some cases, eight officials are used in a lineup comprising a referee, two umpires, a shot-clock operator, two scorers and two timers.
- 40. • The referee is the official that controls the game. • He is the one who tosses the ball up for the center jump at the start of the game and each overtime period. • He duties range from inspecting and approving all equipment before the game's starting time to approving the final score. • the referee is responsible for the notification of each team three minutes before each half is to begin and deciding matters of disagreement among the officials. • The referee has the power to make decisions on any point not specifically covered in the rules and even to forfeit the game if necessary.
- 41. DUTIES OF SCORERS AND TIMERS Scorers must • record, in numerical order, names and numbers of all players, • record field goals made and free throws made and missed, • keep a running summary of points scored, • record fouls called on each player and notify officials when a player - disqualification or bonus-free-throw situation arises, • record timeouts and report when a team' s allotted number has been used, and • record when a squad member has been ejected for fighting. It is the game-clock and shot-clock operators' responsibility to keep everyone abreast of key factors while carrying out the timing regulations.
- 42. Hand Signal
- 43. OFFICIALS' SIGNALS When a foul occurs, the official is required by the rules to (a) signal the timer to stop the clock, (b) designate the offender to the scorer and use his or her fingers to indicate the number of free throws. When a team is entitled to a throw-in, an official must (a) signal what caused the ball to become dead, (b) indicate the throw-in spot (except after a goal) (c) designate the team entitled to the throw-in.
- 44. •Jump Ball – When both players have control over the ball at the same time, it is indicated by both thumbs pointing upwards with arms extended. •Player Control Foul (Charge) – One hand on the back of the head and the other pointing in the opposite direction of the play indicates a charge call has been made. •Traveling – When a player has committed a traveling violation, the official will signal it by placing both of his hands in front of him and moving them in a circle. •Technical Foul – To signal a technical foul has occurred the referee will place both his hands in front of him and put Violations
- 45. •Three Seconds – The official will indicate that a player has committed a three second violation by having three fingers raised, and the hand makes a swiping motion back and forth at the side. •Two Point Basket Scored – When a two point basket is scored, the official will extend one arm parallel to the floor and point with two fingers. •Three Point Basket Scored – The official will extend both arms directly upwards with fingers pointed to signify that a player has scored a Three Point Basket. •Blocking – If a defensive player commits a blocking foul the official will
- 46. OFFICIALS CONDUCT GAME During actual play, there is no practical difference between the referee and umpire(s). They are equally responsible for the conduct of the game • The officials' control, which begins 30 minutes before starting time for men and 15 minutes for women and concludes with the referee's approval of the final score, includes the power to eject from the court any player, coach or team follower who is guilty of flagrant unsporting conduct. • When the referee leaves the confines of the playing area at the end of the game, the score is final and may not be changed. • Jump balls occur only at the start of the game and all overtimes; but officials still must concentrate upon throwing the ball up straight. • Play resumes with a throw-in. The team that fails to get the ball after the first center jump will begin the alternating process.
- 47. END