Improving Achievement in
      Large Cities

        Global Cities Education Network
               Ben Levin, OISE
    With assistance of Sofya Malik, Jacqueline Sohn
                   January, 2013
   @BenLevinOISE
   webspace.oise.utoronto.ca/~levinben/
Outline
• The Study
• Main findings
• Issues for discussion
The Study
• Focus on ways of improving student
  outcomes in large systems
• Five participants – Chicago, Denver, Seoul,
  Shanghai, EdVisions charter school network
• Based on public data and information
  supplied by participants
Challenges
• Cities are very different in almost every
  way
  – Size, culture, demographics, education issues
  – Hard to take all that into account
• Available information is not similar across
  all settings
Challenges of High Achievement
• Increasing evidence that equity and
  excellence are not in conflict; some systems
  have both
• Potential impact of schools on achievement
  subject of much debate
• Improving outcomes across an entire system
  is very hard to do
What Matters Most?
• Focused, coherent, aligned approach to
  improvement
• Strategy grounded in evidence
  – “First, do no harm”
  – Most outcome for least effort
• Building capacity to do the work
• A real plan for implementation
Strategic Choices
• Which measures to adopt?
  – Many different ideas proposed
  – Few have strong supporting evidence
• Where to focus
  – Governance/structure vs. teaching/learning
  – Supports for students vs. instruction
  – In school vs. in home and community
• Strategies for all vs. focus on key groups,
  schools
Systems - Chicago
•   High profile change for more than 20 years
•   Extremely high poverty students
•   Much focus on choice and accountability
•   Ongoing political challenges - $, labor
•   Some improvement in outcomes but still not
    good
Systems – Denver
• Rapidly changing demographics –
  increasingly Hispanic
• Balancing central focus with school
  autonomy
• Strong focus on instruction
• Significant improvements in outcomes but
  still large gaps
Systems – EdVisions
• A network not a centrally operated system
• Schools adopt a common set of principles,
  approaches
• Attempt to broaden the outcomes
  considered important
• No single set of outcome metrics
Systems – Seoul
• High achievement, small socio-economic
  gaps, little diversity compared to others
• Huge pressures on students on exam
  performance
• Major out of school sector – hagwons
• Concerns about level of student stress,
  engagement
Systems – Shanghai
• Very high achievement on available
  measures
• Migrant students lag; working on more
  support for such schools
• Much emphasis on exam preparation, want
  to have more engaged and active students
• Much attention to teaching practice
Key Issues
1. Is there a clear plan with a small number of priorities
linked to actions and resources?
2. Are the strategies in place in each system consistent so that
priorities are clear?
3. How best to balance an overall strategy with appropriate
autonomy for schools?
4. Are strategies firmly grounded in research evidence?
5. What measures are used to judge progress?
6. Is there a robust implementation strategy including a
process for adjustment as needed?
Questions?

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Global Cities Education Network Presentation by Ben Levin on Equity in Education

  • 1. Improving Achievement in Large Cities Global Cities Education Network Ben Levin, OISE With assistance of Sofya Malik, Jacqueline Sohn January, 2013 @BenLevinOISE webspace.oise.utoronto.ca/~levinben/
  • 2. Outline • The Study • Main findings • Issues for discussion
  • 3. The Study • Focus on ways of improving student outcomes in large systems • Five participants – Chicago, Denver, Seoul, Shanghai, EdVisions charter school network • Based on public data and information supplied by participants
  • 4. Challenges • Cities are very different in almost every way – Size, culture, demographics, education issues – Hard to take all that into account • Available information is not similar across all settings
  • 5. Challenges of High Achievement • Increasing evidence that equity and excellence are not in conflict; some systems have both • Potential impact of schools on achievement subject of much debate • Improving outcomes across an entire system is very hard to do
  • 6. What Matters Most? • Focused, coherent, aligned approach to improvement • Strategy grounded in evidence – “First, do no harm” – Most outcome for least effort • Building capacity to do the work • A real plan for implementation
  • 7. Strategic Choices • Which measures to adopt? – Many different ideas proposed – Few have strong supporting evidence • Where to focus – Governance/structure vs. teaching/learning – Supports for students vs. instruction – In school vs. in home and community • Strategies for all vs. focus on key groups, schools
  • 8. Systems - Chicago • High profile change for more than 20 years • Extremely high poverty students • Much focus on choice and accountability • Ongoing political challenges - $, labor • Some improvement in outcomes but still not good
  • 9. Systems – Denver • Rapidly changing demographics – increasingly Hispanic • Balancing central focus with school autonomy • Strong focus on instruction • Significant improvements in outcomes but still large gaps
  • 10. Systems – EdVisions • A network not a centrally operated system • Schools adopt a common set of principles, approaches • Attempt to broaden the outcomes considered important • No single set of outcome metrics
  • 11. Systems – Seoul • High achievement, small socio-economic gaps, little diversity compared to others • Huge pressures on students on exam performance • Major out of school sector – hagwons • Concerns about level of student stress, engagement
  • 12. Systems – Shanghai • Very high achievement on available measures • Migrant students lag; working on more support for such schools • Much emphasis on exam preparation, want to have more engaged and active students • Much attention to teaching practice
  • 13. Key Issues 1. Is there a clear plan with a small number of priorities linked to actions and resources? 2. Are the strategies in place in each system consistent so that priorities are clear? 3. How best to balance an overall strategy with appropriate autonomy for schools? 4. Are strategies firmly grounded in research evidence? 5. What measures are used to judge progress? 6. Is there a robust implementation strategy including a process for adjustment as needed?