Gerund vs-invinitive
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-ing forms are used in verb forms with auxiliary verbs, as nouns, and after certain verbs like dislike. They are also used after prepositions. Participles clauses can include -ing forms. Infinitives are used with "to" to express purpose or after certain verbs. They are also used without "to" after modal verbs and verbs like let, make, notice. Gerunds express real, completed actions while infinitives express unreal or future actions, as shown in the examples of forgetting vs forgot and stopping vs stopped. The document provides guidance on the different uses of -ing forms and infinitives.
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Gerund vs-invinitive
- 1. Main uses of - ing forms • In verb forms, with auxiliary verbs Crime levels are rising b) Like nouns Swimming is prohibited c) After certain verbs People dislike queuing. d) After all prepositions You can be fined for speeding. c) In participle clauses Learning English, I fell asleep.
- 2. Main uses of infinitives With to b) To express purposes To get answer to this question, she asked her teacher. b) After certain verbs I promise to learn by heart the irregular verbs. c) After too and enough It’s too complicated to explain. It’s not important enough to worry about. Without to a) After modal verbs: All accidents must be reported. b) After let, make, notice, feel, see, hear, watch. I like films that make me laugh.
- 3. • Gerunds are used to express actions that are real, concrete and completed. • Infinitives are used to express actions that are unreal, abstract or may be in the future.
- 4. • Compare: • I forget locking the door. • I forgot to lock the door. • I stopped smoking. • I stopped to smoke. • Do you like learning foreign languages? • I like to advice with my mum.
- 5. Create your own sentences: