Honeybee - (apiculture ) introduction

Honeybee - (apiculture ) introduction

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  Duration 7 march 2022 -11march 2022 India Bee Keeping Submitted by –Ankit sharda
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  Varieties Phase - 3 Termused Phase - 4 Phase - 1 Introduction Phase - 2 Equiments TABLE OF CONTENTS Ankit sharda Pest and disease Phase - 5 Products obtainedfrom honeybee Phase - 6
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  Phase 01 Ankit sharda Introduction ● Kingdom:Animalia ● Phylum: Arthropoda ● Class: Insecta ● Order: Hymenoptera ● Family: Apidae. ● Scientific name - Apis spp contain three main body parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. • pair of antennae on top of their heads. •three pairs of legs.
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  . Bee colony METAMORPHOSIS –COMPLETE Egg –larvae – pupa – adult ● Life span of queen = 3-5 years ● Only fertile female in colony ● No wax gland ● Largest in size ● May lay 1800 -2000 eggs in one day ● Average time to (egg to adult ) – 16 days ● The main task of the queen bee is reproduction . ● Most of the eggs are laid in spring and early summer. ● Life span of worker = 4-7 weeks ● no egg laying capacity no egg laying capacity ● Small in size than queen and drone ● Imperfectly developed female from fertilized eggs. ● They are responsible for maintanence and welfare of the colony . Worker Bee
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  Ankit sharda Bee colony Dronebee ● These are the male bees ● These are present in large numbers in a colony ● Life span- 4-7 weeks . ● The main task of the drone bee is to fertilize the queen . ● They depend on the worker bee for food ● These are considered to eat three times more than the worker bee.
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  TABLE OF CONTENTS Varieties Phase- 3 Term used Phase - 4 Phase - 1 Introduction Pest and disease Phase - 5 Products obtained from honeybee Phase - 6 Phase - 2 Equiments Ankit sharda
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  Phase 02 Equiments Ankit sharda
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  .” Ankit sharda Bee –hive iron stand ● Raise the hive off the ground. ● Provide a sturdy and secure (and possibly even level) base for the hive ● It keeps the foundation from collapsing or sagging before the bees have drawn out the comb wire frame empty bee feeder A feeder is a vessel or contraption used by beekeepers to feed pollen or honey (or substitutes) to honey bees from a honey bee colony.
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  bee queen excluder ● preventsthe queen from entering the honey super and laying eggs ● extracts the honey from the honey comb without destroying the comb. bee queen excluder honey extractor Pollen –trap The openings are so small that some of the pollen pellets are stripped from the bees' legs and fall into a collection tray
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  bee venom collector machine ●it possible to collect pure venom from several thousand honey bees ● A special rearing frame is prepared, carrying the plastic or wax rearing cups pointing downwards. grafting frame with queen cage grafting frame with queen cage Bee protective suit Protective equipment comes in a variety of protection levels.
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  Ankit sharda Hive tool Bee–veil Bee – queen gate Uncapping knife Propolis strip Smoker Bee- brush Bee - gloves Equiments
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  Parts of typicalmovable hive Stand : To support bottom board . Bottom board : It forms proper base for the hive having an entrance for bees. Broad chamber : chamber used for rearing of broad. Frames are placed in this chamber on which bees raise combs . Queen excluder : Perforated zinc sheets assembled in such a way that workers can pass through them but a queen cannot . Super : It is provided with many frames containing comb foundation to provide additional space for expansion of hive . Inner cover : A board which acts as a partition between broad / super chamber and the roof . Top cover : A type of lid acting as roof placed over inner cover
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  TABLE OF CONTENTS Equiments Phase- 2 Term used Phase - 4 Phase - 1 Pest and disease Phase - 5 Products obtained from honeybee Phase - 6 Phase - 3 Varieties Ankit sharda Introduction
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  Phase 03 Varieties it sharda
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  Ankit sharda Motivation isthe desire to act in service of a goal. It's the crucial element in setting and attaining our objectives. Thus, the way to achieve those goals. Varieties Apis flora Trigona spp. Stingless bee
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  Apis dorsata Apis flora Apis cerana Apis mellifera NestingOpen nesting , builds single large comb attached to branches of trees or rocks etc. Open nesting , builds single large comb attached to branches of trees or rocks etc. Cavity nesting . Builds many parallel combs in cavities of tree trunks ,other covered place. Cavity nesting . Builds many parallel combs in cavities of tree trunks ,other covered place. Distribution in India Found in plains, hills up to 1600 meters above sea level. Found in plains, up to 300 meters above sea level. Found throughout India having three sub species . Exotic bee, intro. In 1962. it has many subspecies more than 23. Size Biggest (16 to18 mm) Smallest (9 to10mm) Medium (14 to 15mm) Medium(14 to16mm) Average honey Per year 40kg . 2kg 12-15 kg. 30-60kg
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  TABLE OF CONTENTS Equiments Phase- 2 Phase - 1 introduction Pest and disease Phase - 5 Products obtained from honeybee Phase - 6 Varities Phase - 3 Phase - 4 Term used Ankit sharda
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  Phase 04 Term used Ankit sharda
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  Term used 1. Swarming-Shifting of the some members of old bee colony to make a new hive is called swarming . Reasons of swarming :- High population density in hive High food supply in surroundings Pheromone release stopped by Queen Queen is giving more unfertile eggs . 2. Laying worker A laying worker bee is a worker bee that lays unfertilized eggs, usually in the absence of a queen bee Only drones develop from the eggs of laying worker bees.
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  TABLE OF CONTENTS Equiments Phase- 2 Phase - 1 Introduction Products obtained from honeybee Phase - 6 varieties Phase - 3 Phase - 5 Pest and disease Ankit sharda Term used Phase - 4
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  n the otherhand, athletes who are motivated to improve, persist longer, put more effort, work hard, and perform better. Pest of honey bee Wax Moths :- It is one of the most observed throughout the year but more common and severe during July and October and November to December. Combs of all the species of Apis are freely attacked . Damage particularly to weak colonies where the number of bees are not sufficient enough to cover all the combs. Ants:- The Black ant, the –household red ant, are dangerous enemies of the bee. The attack weak colonies and carry away the honey , pollen and the broad . Underground ant nests are eliminated by dusting of methyl parathion or carbaryl . Wasps :- The bee hunter wasp is black in colour with transverse lines on the abdomen. It catches bees while they are on fight. A wasp can collect about 20 bees a day . The wasp can be prevented from sitting near the entrance wasp nests should be destroyed by burning them. Wax Moths Ants Wasps
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  DISEASES OF HONEYBEES :- Type of diseases Causative agent Causes Acarine Acarapis woodi Infest the tracheal system of bee. Varoasis Varroa destructor Sucks the haemolymph of bees. American foulbrood Bacillus larvae Death of bee larvae . Nosema Nosema apis Destroys stomach cells and interferes with digestion. Disease
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  TABLE OF CONTENTS Equiments Phase- 2 Phase - 1 Introduction Varities Phase - 3 Phase - 6 Products obtained from honeybee Ankit sharda Term used Phase - 4 Pest and disease Phase - 5
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  Products obtained from honeybee HoneyPollen
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  Products obtained from honeybee Bee-propolis bee –wax bee venom
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  Products obtained fromhoneybee a) Honey :-Bees produce honey from Nectar of plants through enzymatic activity, regurgitation & water evaporation.  Uses:- Food:-Honey is a nutritious food, rich in energy and vitamins. Medicine:- It is used to prevents cold , cough and fever.  Composition Of Honey : - Constituents percent (approx.) Levulose 41.0 Dextrose 35.0 Sucrose 1.9 Enzymes and Pigments 2.21 Minerals 2.0 Water 17.0
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  b) Beeswax:- Beeswaxis the material that bees use to builds their nests. It is produced by young honeybees that secrete it is a liquid from special wax glands . Worker bees secrete wax when they are 14 to 18 days old.  Uses:- 1. Mainly used by candle industry. 2. Used for preparing comb foundation sheets. 3. Used in cosmetics like cold creams, lipsticks and roughs 4. Used for preparing shoe polish, furniture etc. C) Propolis :- It is a resinous mixture that honey bees produce by mixing saliva and beeswax with exudate gathered from tree buds.  Uses:- 1. It is used by bees to seal unwanted spaces in hive. 2. Used to treat cough and throat irritation.
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  d) Royal jelly:-Royal jelly is secreted by gland of nurse bees of the age of 6 to 12 days when glands are fully active. It is very nutritious food and is fed to the young worker larvae and the queen larvae and adult. Royal jelly is milky or light pale in colour.  Uses :- Used in treatment of diabetes , osteoporosis etc. It also aids in healing wounds and boosts immunity.  Properties :-It contain protein 15 to 18 %,lipids 2-6%,carbohydrates 9-18%,ash 0.7 – 1.2 % ,Vitamins A, B ,C , Iron, Copper , silicon and sulphur . e) Bee venom :- Sting of worker bee is attached to a poison sac where venom is stored . A bee when two weeks old has maximum venom in the poison sac.  Uses :- Rheumatoid arthritis, nerve pain , Multiple sclerosis  Properties :- contains Hydrochloric acid, formic acid Orthophosporic acid, sulphur calcium copper and magnesium Sulphate
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  Ankit sharda BIBLIOGRAPHY . ForText : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honey_bee https://www.britannica.com/animal/honeybee https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/inve rtebrates/facts/honeybee
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