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Hydroponics system
- 2. WHAT ISWHAT IS HYDROPONICSHYDROPONICS • Hydroponics comes from the Latin language and itHydroponics comes from the Latin language and it means working water.means working water. • "hydro" means "water""hydro" means "water" • "ponos" means "labor"."ponos" means "labor". Soil less growing!Soil less growing!
- 3. PLANT NEEDSPLANT NEEDS What is needed for a plant to survive?What is needed for a plant to survive? • WaterWater • SunlightSunlight • AirAir • Nutrients (usually soil)Nutrients (usually soil) • Anchorage (root system)Anchorage (root system)
- 4. SOIL LESS GROWING?SOIL LESS GROWING? What is used as a growing media is soil isn’t present?What is used as a growing media is soil isn’t present? - GravelGravel -Rockwool-Rockwool - SandSand -Styrofoam-Styrofoam VermiculiteVermiculite CocopitCocopit Anything Inert!Anything Inert!
- 5. HISTORYHISTORY The process of hydroponics growing in our oceansThe process of hydroponics growing in our oceans goes back to about the time the earth was created.goes back to about the time the earth was created. Hydroponic growing preceded soil growing.Hydroponic growing preceded soil growing.
- 6. HISTORYHISTORY • One of the 7 wonders of the ancient world.One of the 7 wonders of the ancient world. • Hanging gardens of Babylon, somewhere in (Iraq)Hanging gardens of Babylon, somewhere in (Iraq) The gardens were built in 604-562 BC byThe gardens were built in 604-562 BC by Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife who grew up in theNebuchadnezzar II for his wife who grew up in the mountains.mountains.
- 7. HISTORYHISTORY Floating gardens of the Aztecs of MexicoFloating gardens of the Aztecs of Mexico A nomadic tribe, Roughly treated by their moreA nomadic tribe, Roughly treated by their more powerful neighbors, denied anypowerful neighbors, denied any arablearable land, theland, the Aztecs survived by exercising remarkable powersAztecs survived by exercising remarkable powers of invention. Since they had no land on which toof invention. Since they had no land on which to grow crops, they determined to manufacture itgrow crops, they determined to manufacture it from the materials at handfrom the materials at hand
- 8. HISTORYHISTORY • Egyptian hieroglyphic records date back severalEgyptian hieroglyphic records date back several hundred years B.C. describe the growing of plants inhundred years B.C. describe the growing of plants in water."water." Hydroponics is hardly a new method of growingHydroponics is hardly a new method of growing plants. However, giant strides have been madeplants. However, giant strides have been made over the years in this innovative area ofover the years in this innovative area of agriculture.agriculture.
- 9. WHY?????WHY????? Q.Q. Why have scientists and horticulturistsWhy have scientists and horticulturists experimented with different methods of hydroponics?experimented with different methods of hydroponics? A.A. It is a simple fact that some people cannot grow inIt is a simple fact that some people cannot grow in the soil in their area (if there is even any soil at all).the soil in their area (if there is even any soil at all).
- 10. ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES Faster Growth-Faster Growth- Hydroponics works by automaticallyHydroponics works by automatically getting the complete nutrient mixture and water to thegetting the complete nutrient mixture and water to the roots without drowning the plant. Plants getroots without drowning the plant. Plants get everything they need all the time, so they do not wasteeverything they need all the time, so they do not waste growing a lot of roots or searching for nutrients.growing a lot of roots or searching for nutrients.
- 11. ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES No Weeds or Pests-No Weeds or Pests- Gardening without soilGardening without soil eliminates the weeds do you do not need weed sprays.eliminates the weeds do you do not need weed sprays. Also, because there are no weeds, there will be noAlso, because there are no weeds, there will be no backache from a hoe or rototiller. Since most pestsbackache from a hoe or rototiller. Since most pests live and breed in the soil, you do not need to uselive and breed in the soil, you do not need to use pesticides or other toxic chemicals.pesticides or other toxic chemicals.
- 12. ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES Great Plant Quality and Taste-Great Plant Quality and Taste- Since the plantsSince the plants get everything it needs, all the time, it will reward youget everything it needs, all the time, it will reward you with great taste, strong and fast growth, and overallwith great taste, strong and fast growth, and overall plant quality.plant quality. Grow in Any Condition-Grow in Any Condition- Systems may beSystems may be constructed and used in any location from space toconstructed and used in any location from space to under water exploration.under water exploration. Smaller Growing AreaSmaller Growing Area
- 13. DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES • Cost of initial investment on hydroponic systems is high.Cost of initial investment on hydroponic systems is high. • Hydroponic production is management, capital and laborHydroponic production is management, capital and labor intensive.intensive. • A high level of expertise is required.A high level of expertise is required. • Daily attention is necessary.Daily attention is necessary. • Specially formulated, soluble nutrients must always beSpecially formulated, soluble nutrients must always be used.used. • Pests and diseases remain a big risk.Pests and diseases remain a big risk. • Some water born diseases can spread rapidly in recirculationSome water born diseases can spread rapidly in recirculation system.system.
- 14. PASSIVE VS ACTIVEPASSIVE VS ACTIVE • Passive systemsPassive systems (no moving parts) are great for(no moving parts) are great for beginning hydroponics gardeners because they arebeginning hydroponics gardeners because they are inexpensive, portable, and simple to set up.inexpensive, portable, and simple to set up. • Active systemsActive systems employ pumps and other devices toemploy pumps and other devices to deliver nutrient solutions to plant roots.deliver nutrient solutions to plant roots.
- 15. NUTRIENTSNUTRIENTS Basic Nutrients C, H, OBasic Nutrients C, H, O Macro NutrientsMacro Nutrients Micro NutrientsMicro Nutrients MoMo PrimaryPrimary SecondarySecondary MnMn NN CaCa ZnZn PP MgMg CuCu KK SS FeFe BB ClCl
- 16. PLANT TISSUE CULTURINGPLANT TISSUE CULTURING PROCESSPROCESS Capillary System (passive)Capillary System (passive) The capillary or wick system do not use pumps orThe capillary or wick system do not use pumps or timers. Water and nutrients are drawn up to the rootstimers. Water and nutrients are drawn up to the roots by capillary action. These systems may be importantby capillary action. These systems may be important when designing a system to operate in a space stationwhen designing a system to operate in a space station where gravity is nonexistent.where gravity is nonexistent.
- 17. PLANT TISSUEPLANT TISSUE CULTURING PROCESSCULTURING PROCESS Flood and Drain System (active)Flood and Drain System (active) Most versatile. Each time the water floods from theMost versatile. Each time the water floods from the lower reservoir into the upper growing tray, the roots arelower reservoir into the upper growing tray, the roots are bathed in the fresh nutrients. When the nutrient drainsbathed in the fresh nutrients. When the nutrient drains back to the reservoir, fresh air is drawn through the rootback to the reservoir, fresh air is drawn through the root system refreshing oxygen to the roots.system refreshing oxygen to the roots.
- 18. PLANT TISSUE CULTURINGPLANT TISSUE CULTURING PROCESSPROCESS Nutrient Film Technique (NFT)Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) The NFT systems provide a constant film of water andThe NFT systems provide a constant film of water and nutrients along the bottom of a channel. In effect, partnutrients along the bottom of a channel. In effect, part of the roots grow down in the water/ nutrients andof the roots grow down in the water/ nutrients and parts of the roots above the water line getting fresh airparts of the roots above the water line getting fresh air and oxygenand oxygen
- 19. LIGHTINGLIGHTING Lightening determines what you can grow. Some plantsLightening determines what you can grow. Some plants such as vegetable require direct sunlight. Plants suchsuch as vegetable require direct sunlight. Plants such as violets need indirect sunlight.as violets need indirect sunlight. High Intensity Discharge (HID)High Intensity Discharge (HID) Most cost effective to operate and have an extremelyMost cost effective to operate and have an extremely long life.long life. --High Pressure SodiumHigh Pressure Sodium Provides more of theProvides more of the red/orange spectrum, great for flowering and fruiting.red/orange spectrum, great for flowering and fruiting. --Metal HalideMetal Halide Provides more blue/green spectrumProvides more blue/green spectrum for vegetative growthfor vegetative growth FluorescentFluorescent very inefficient and must be kept close tovery inefficient and must be kept close to the plants.the plants.