IGP Poster Final
- 1. RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2012 www.PosterPresentations.com Poverty has a very prominent effect on the health, and overall success of an individual. The transfer of poverty is an important issue to address. Public assistance programs are currently being implemented to help reduce the effects poverty has on low-income individuals1. SNAP-Ed (Supplemental nutrition Assistance Program – Education) and SNAC (State Nutrition Action Coalition) programs show promising signs of reducing the effects of intergenerational poverty (IGP). SNAP-Ed provides low-income individuals with nutrition education to help them increase skills, knowledge and self efficacy when make healthy mealtime decisions2. SNAC is the collaboration between different organizations which are specific to improving nutrition, health and poverty3. INTRODUCTION WHAT IS INTERGENERATIONAL POVERTY? The following is a list of the household and extra household factors that play a role in IGP. Each are affected by poverty and in turn, effect the health and success of low income individuals. Household factors are directly affected by practices that occur within the home. Extra household factors are defined as situations and occurrences that happen outside of the home. Household Factors: • Diet Quality • Transfer of IGP in the Elderly • Adolescent Moms • Education • Productive Assets • Parenting Quality • Loss/Divorce of a Parent Extra Household Factors: • Cultural Factors • Psychosocial Factors • Discrimination • Shocks • Resilience • Chronic Disease • Obesity in Children and Adults • Food Access, Availability and Cost • Food Insecurity HOUSEHOLD/EXTRA HOUSEHOLD FACTORS AFFECTED BY IGP SNAP-Ed: The SNAP-Ed program is dedicated to helping individuals make healthy decisions while living on a budget2. Teaching individuals how to improve their health through the food they consume may decrease the number of chronic diseases and health disparities they experience7. Studies state that the education portion of this program is a vital asset to low-income families and in helping them to make healthy decisions on their own7. They also state that nutrition education through SNAP-Ed is vital in teaching low-income individuals how to avoid the Food Stamp Cycle by budgeting their Food Stamp money. SNAC: Through the collaboration of different education programs, SNAC has been found to be beneficial in reducing IGP8. -Ways SNAC has helped: 1.) The Environment, Policy and Improved Clinical Care Program (EPICC) collaborated with SNAP-Ed. As a result, EPICC was able to detect the direct causes of health disparities resulting from food insecurity and SNAP-Ed demonstrated ways to help. EPICC then collaborated with the CDC to increase SNAP benefits at farmers markets as a way to improve food choices8. 2.) SNAP-Ed collaborates with local health departments to advertise for SNAP benefits and the benefits of pairing SNAP benefits with the nutrition education that SNAP-Ed provides8. The SNAC program in Utah includes the following agencies: •Utah Department of Workforce Services (DWS) •Women Infants and Children (WIC) •Utah Department of Health • Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) •Expanded Food & Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) •Environment, Policy and Improved Clinical Care (EPICC) WAYS SNAP-ED AND SNAC MAY PREVENT IGP CONCLUSION The SNAP-Ed and SNAC programs help eliminate some of the consequences and factors that are directly related with IGP. There are a wide variety of positive and negative factors that will influence an individuals well-being that occur at different periods during an individuals lifetime. These factors, depending on their extremity and the individual’s circumstances, can produce a complex set of outcomes on an individual’s financial, social, and physical health. It is important to understand the benefits of implementing certain education policies, such as SNAP-Ed , that address different periods within the lifetime and the corresponding factors that may take place within them. REFERENCES 1.) Utah’s second annual report on intergenerational poverty, welfare dependency and the use of public assistance. 2013. Department of Workforce Services. Equal Opportunity Employer/Program. Available: http://jobs.utah.gov/edo/intergenerational/igp13.pdf. 2.) Utah State University Extension. What is the food $ense Nutrition Program? http://extension.usu.edu/foodsense/htm/about-foodense/. Published 2013. Accessed Feb 19th, 2015. 3.) Spark, A. Nutrition in Public Health: Principles, Policies, and Practice. 2007. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis Group LLC. 4.) Bird K. Higgins K. Stopping the intergenerational transmission of poverty: Research highlights and policy recommendations. A Working Paper. 2001. Chronic Poverty Research Centre. No. 214. 5.) Chronic Poverty Research Centre. Chronic Poverty Report 2004. 2004. Manchester: Chronic Poverty Research Centre. 6.) Gonzalez de la Rocha, M. Private adjustments. Household responses to the erosion of work. Washington DC: UND:, SEPED Conference Paper 6. 7.) Dinour LM, Bergen D, Yeh MC. The food insecurity-obesity paradox: A review of the literature and the role food stamps my play. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107(11): 1952-1961. 8.) State of Utah. (2012). Healthy Living Through Environment, Policy and Improved Clinical Care (EPICC) Program. Retrieved from http://www.choosehealth.utah.gov/about-us/our-progam.php (State of Utah, 2012). Image Found at: http://vndf.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/VNDF-about-us1.png IGP is the transfer of public and private deficits, resources and assets from one generation to another4. An individuals chances of experiencing poverty is dependent on poverty being passed on as a complex set of positive and negative factors, resulting in a poor child having an increased chance of being poor as an adult4. The transfer of IGP is sometimes seen as an extreme form of chronic poverty which is defined as poverty experienced by an individual over an extended period of time5. Chronically poor individuals tend to pass poverty on to their children. These particular individuals have a higher prevalence of under-nutrition, illiteracy, hunger and lack of access to basic services5. IGP can have extremely detrimental effects on an individuals health. Many families engage in different types of coping strategies to shield themselves from the adverse effects of poverty, only to find themselves further caught in the cycle of IGP6. USU Food $ense Extension 84322 Charlotte Quebbeman, Mateja Savoie, Heidi LeBlanc Intergenerational Poverty and the Effects of SNAP-Ed/SNAC (9) It may prove beneficial to implement educational policies that target certain transitional periods that occur during a low- income individuals lifetime.