Keynote Speech
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The document summarizes the development and promotion of therapeutic sensory stimulation gardens in Malaysia. It discusses the origins of sensory gardens in the 1970s in the Netherlands and UK, focusing on inclusion and accessibility. Key elements of sensory gardens are described, including scents, textures, colors, sounds and tastes. Case studies of 22 sensory gardens are examined to identify best practices. These include considerations for site planning, accessibility, physical elements, and maintenance. The benefits of sensory gardens for children with special needs are outlined. The document then outlines the author's work developing therapeutic sensory gardens in Malaysia in collaboration with other professionals.
Keynote Speech
- 1. The Development and Promotion of Therapeutic Sensory Stimulation Garden in Malaysia Hazreena Hussein [email protected] AcE-Bs2019LangkawiIsland 8th Asian Conference on Environment-Behaviour Studies, Holiday Villa Resorts & Spa, Langkawi Island, Malaysia, 18-19 Dec 2019
- 3. • 16 year old girl killed herself after her Instagram followers voted for her death. • Student found dead on day of PT3 exam. • Private university reels from two students in space of a week. • Depressed student allegedly commits suicide. Source: https://www.easyuni.my/en/advice/malaysian-teens-mental-health-2444/
- 4. Why bother study the Sensory Gardens? Varsity Lake, University of Malaya Access survey Hazreena Hussein (2009) Sensory Gardens. Access by Design (spring) Issue 118: 13-17. Hazreena Hussein & Naziaty Mohd Yaacob (2012) Malaysian Perspective on the Development of Accessible Design. Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 3 (8): 101-116.
- 5. 70s Netherlands • The concept of multi sensory environment was originated by Hulsegge and Verheul at the Hartenberg Institute where they created the first snoezelen room. 70s UK • The concept was developed in hospitals and special schools as a multi-sensory curriculum. The initial idea of SGs derived from the horticultural therapy movement (used to be ‘gardens for the blind’) 80s UK • Visually impaired people challenged the initial ideas about ‘gardens for the blind’ because the issue of being segregated from able– bodied people was itself beginning to be challenged. ‘The simplest way of causing a riot in any locality in Britain would be to clamp on the able-bodied the same restrictions that now apply to the disabled. They feel that their personal handicaps are bad enough without the gratuitous social handicap of being treated differently from everyone else’ (Rowson, N.J.; 1985: 21)
- 6. ‘Sensory gardens cannot be designed without considering the human element. Unlike traditional display gardens that are meant to be observed from a distance, sensory gardens draw the visitor into touch, smell and actively experience the garden with all senses’ Fukuoka, M. (1978) 'The only difference in a sensory garden is that all components of hard landscape, soft landscape, colours and textures must be carefully chosen and designed to appeal to the senses in such a way that they provide maximum sensory stimulation’ Lambe (1995) What is a sensory garden? What makes a sensory garden different from any other gardens? Are not all gardens sensory? Hazreena Hussein & Md Nasir Daud (2013) Taman Sensori: Kanak-Kanak Bekeperluan Khas. Penerbit Universiti Malaya.
- 7. What is a sensory garden composed of? A variety of scented plants • smell A variety of tactile qualities and wildlife • touch • sight A variety of colours for visual stimulation • hear Water elements, birds, climatic factors • taste Engaged with edible plants • spatial, emotional, spiritual Users to be more confident, positive of mind & independent
- 8. Whitehouse, S., et.al. (2001) ‘Evaluating a children’s hospital garden environment: Utilization and costumer satisfaction’. Journal of environmental psychology, 21: 301-314. Cont… How do people use & benefit from sensory gardens? Moore, R. C. and Cosco, N. G. (2007) ‘What makes a park inclusive and universally designed? A multi-method approach’. In Thompson, C. W. and Travlou, P. (eds.) Open space: People space. London: Taylor & Francis. pp.85-110. Scotland Yard Adventure Centre, Edinburgh
- 9. Scotland Yard Adventure Centre, Edinburgh Royal School of Deaf and Communication Disorders, Manchester Hazreena Hussein (2011) The Influence of Sensory Gardens on the Behavior of Children with Special Educational Needs. Asian Journal of Environment- Behavior Studies 2(4): 78-93. Hazreena Hussein (2010) Using the sensory garden as a tool to enhance the educational development and social interaction of children with special needs. British Journal of Learning Support, 25(1): 25-31.
- 10. Sensory Gardens Case Studies (2006-now) 1 in Swiss Malaysia Hazreena Hussein (2010) Sensory Gardens: Assessing their Design and Use. Intelligent Buildings International 2(2)116-123(8). Hazreena Hussein (2009) Sensory garden in special schools: The issues, design and use. Journal of Design and Built Environment 5:77- 95.
- 11. Uncontinuous circulation network Lyndale School, Liverpool Preliminary findings (Hussein, 2006)
- 12. Inaccessible garden feature Royal School for the Deaf and Communication Disorders, Manchester
- 13. Lack of water feature St. Ann`s School, Surrey
- 14. Unfunctional garden feature Royal School for the Deaf and Communication Disorders, Manchester Lack of design guidelines
- 15. Lack of maintenance Kelvin School, Glasgow
- 16. Inaccessible (and slippery) surface material Cranbooth Residential School for Dual Sensory Impaired, Glasgow
- 17. Steps and ramps Cranbooth Residential School for Dual Sensory Impaired, Glasgow
- 18. So what is it about the environment that is sensory and therapeutic? Hazreena Hussein & Md Nasir Daud (2016) Amalan Rekabentuk Taman Sensori Berdaya Akses Yang Baik. Universiti Malaya Press. Hazreena Hussein (2013) Patterns of seated activity in sensory gardens among children educated in special schools. Support for Learning 28(2): 73-78.
- 19. Site Planning and Spatial Location Sensory Garden at BCA Academy, Singapore Scented Sound Touch Taste BCA Academy, Singapore
- 20. Accessibility, Way finding and Circulation Network Royal School for the Deaf and Communication Disorders, Manchester Haven Hope Special School, Hong Kong Aldrich Bay Park, Hong Kong
- 21. BCA Academy, Singapore Physical designed garden elements Lyndale School, Liverpool Royal School for the Deaf and Communication Disorders, Manchester
- 22. Soft landscape and wildlife refuge
- 23. Microclimate It was a misty morning. A young boy with his teacher was having a leisurely walk in the Woodland Garden. As they walked on the boardwalk underneath a shady canopy, the teacher jumped and grabbed a branch. The boy looked at her and wondered why she had done that. Ì have a surprise for you… are you ready?` she asked. Both of his hands were holding the rope railing while jumping with excitement. The teacher had a good grip of the branch, ready to give him a big surprise. She shook it hard with both of her hands and down came drips of rainwater from the leaves. The boy was so surprised; he let go of his hands that were holding the rope railing and lifted his arms up while his face looked up to the sky. He was feeling and touching the rainwater. At one point, he opened his mouth to taste it. When the rainwater became less, the teacher stopped and laughed, as both of them got wet (Hazreena`s research journal entry, May 2009)
- 24. Safety & Maintenance Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fountain, London Sensory experiences Eden Project, Cornwall
- 25. What can we learned from these 22 cases? Interviews • Practitioners agreed on the design aspects • Users of the sensory garden had no strong views on how the aesthetic value relates to the use of the area Observation • The pathway layout enables users’ behaviour and use of the area • Users spent a longer time where sensory, were emphasised, rather than aesthetic value Hazreena Hussein & Md Nasir Daud (2015) Examining the Methods for Investigating Behavioral Clues of Special-schooled Children. Field Methods 27: 97-112. Hazreena Hussein & Md Nasir Daud (2016) An Observation Method for Qualitative Data Gathering. In M.Rezaul islam and Catharine Jo Faruque (eds.) Qualitative Research Tools and Techniques. USA: Farwood.
- 26. Water eature Children Sculpture Music garden Rainbow Walk Willow Tunnel Al-Bukhary International University, Sharifah Rokiah Knowledge Centre Multidisciplinary Effort (2012-2013) Hazreena Hussein, Nik Malik Nik Zainal Abidin & Zaleha Omar (2013) Engaging research and practice in creating for outdoor multi-sensory environments: Facing future challenges. AicE-Bs 2013 London. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 105:536-546. (The Best Paper Award)
- 27. Collaboration Work (2014-2017)Hazreena Hussein, Zaliha Omar & Syaidatul Azzreen Ishak (2016) Sensory Garden for an Inclusive Society. Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies (1) 4.
- 28. Therapeutic Sensory Stimulation Garden, University Malaya Medical Centre Zaliha Omar & Hazreena Hussein (2017) Therapeutic Sensory Stimulation Garden: An introduction by BAKTI-MIND Project. BAKTI Press.
- 29. A clear expression of spatial sense by a seven year old boy with Autism Spectrum Disorder upon introduction to the TSSG in contrast to his hyperactivity whist waiting at the typically claustrophobic clinical consultation room
- 30. Different height of planter boxes that cater for different users Geriatric patient Back problems
- 31. PhD supervision (2017 – 2020) Co-design approach in improving experiences among stroke patients in Therapeutic Sensory Stimulation Garden, UMMC Co-design is a method that involve a collaboration process between designers and non-designers in a design development Expressing ideas through 2D (sketches) & 3D (mock-up)
- 32. Sabbatical (Sept 2018 – May 2019) Structured planter Universal design stool and bench TSSG concept presented Site clearing Miyajima Island
- 33. Landscape architects should design gardens, not other design professionals. You do not want a brain surgeon to replace your hip, do you? Thank You Q & A Clare Cooper Marcus (Edinburgh College of Art, 2009)